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Total 39 results found since Jan 2013.

Turning the Spotlight to Cholinergic Pharmacotherapy of the Human Language System
AbstractEven though language is essential in human communication, research on pharmacological therapies for language deficits in highly prevalent neurodegenerative and vascular brain diseases has received little attention. Emerging scientific evidence suggests that disruption of the cholinergic system may play an essential role in language deficits associated with Alzheimer ’s disease and vascular cognitive impairment, including post-stroke aphasia. Therefore, current models of cognitive processing are beginning to appraise the implications of the brain modulator acetylcholine in human language functions. Future work sho...
Source: CNS Drugs - June 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Preadmission Use of Antiplatelets
ConclusionNo sex differences were observed in the safety of IVT regarding preadmission use of antiplatelets. Males showed more favourable 3-month functional independence than females; however, this sex difference was apparently not explained by a sex-specific mechanism related to preadmission use of antiplatelets.
Source: CNS Drugs - March 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Thromboembolic Risks with Concurrent Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Antiseizure Medications: A Population-Based Analysis
ConclusionsAlthough CYP/P-gp-modulating antiseizure medications were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke when paired with DOAC in the primary analysis, such a phenomenon was not found among patients with epilepsy who took phenytoin, valproate, or levetiracetam with DOAC. Therefore, these antiseizure medication options among patients with epilepsy with concurrent DOAC should not be restricted solely based on their potential drug –drug interactions. Yet, the increased mortality during concurrent use of DOAC with phenytoin or valproate might call for caution.
Source: CNS Drugs - November 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Central Neuropathic Pain Syndromes: Current and Emerging Pharmacological Strategies
AbstractCentral neuropathic pain is caused by a disease or lesion of the brain or spinal cord. It is difficult to predict which patients will develop central pain syndromes after a central nervous system injury, but depending on the etiology, lifetime prevalence may be greater than 50%. The resulting pain is often highly distressing and difficult to treat, with no specific treatment guidelines currently available. This narrative review discusses mechanisms contributing to central neuropathic pain, and focuses on pharmacological approaches for managing common central neuropathic pain conditions such as central post-stroke p...
Source: CNS Drugs - May 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Effect of Statin Treatment on Outcomes of Cardioembolic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Real-World Studies
ConclusionsAlthough the use of statins does not enhance the prevention of stroke recurrence in PWCS, statin treatment is associated with improved clinical outcomes in PWCS. Statins play a beneficial role in the treatment of cardioembolic stroke.
Source: CNS Drugs - May 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy to Manage Central Post-Stroke Pain
AbstractCentral post-stroke pain is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome following a cerebrovascular accident. The development of central post-stroke pain is estimated to occur in 8 to 55% of stroke patients and is described as constant or intermittent neuropathic pain accompanied by dysesthesia of temperature and/or pressure sensations. These pain and sensory deficits are within the area of the body corresponding to the stroke lesion. The onset of pain is usually gradual, though it can develop either immediately after stroke or years after. Given the diversity in its clinical presentation, central post-stroke pain is a cha...
Source: CNS Drugs - February 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Idarucizumab Reversal of Dabigatran in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Intracranial Hemorrhage: Comparison with Non-idarucizumab-Treated Patients
ConclusionsIdarucizumab use in dabigatran-treated patients with AIS resulted in significantly more efficacious intravenous thrombolysis treatment and a non-significantly better outcome in dabigatran-treated patients with ICH compared with controls. There was no difference regarding complications.
Source: CNS Drugs - February 6, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Safety and Efficacy of Sovateltide (IRL-1620) in a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
ConclusionSovateltide was safe and well-tolerated and resulted in improved neurological outcomes in patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke 90 days post-treatment.Trial RegistrationThe study is registered at CTRI/2017/11/010654 and NCT04046484.
Source: CNS Drugs - January 11, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Tenecteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Current Evidence and Practical Considerations
AbstractTenecteplase offers pharmacological advantages over alteplase, and growing evidence supports its consideration for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Its ease of administration as a single bolus makes it a preferable agent for patients who need to be urgently transported to a comprehensive stroke center for endovascular therapy (drip and ship) and for patients first evaluated at comprehensive stroke centers who are eligible for endovascular intervention (combined intravenous and endovascular approach). Recent randomized controlled trials indicated that the efficacy of tenecteplase may be similar ...
Source: CNS Drugs - August 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Associated with Concomitant Use of Antidepressants and Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: A Retrospective Cohort Study
ConclusionsConcomitant use of antidepressants and NSAIDs moderately elevated the risk of MACE, of which the observed risk appears to be driven by the concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants and non-selective NSAIDs. Thus, healthcare providers should take precaution when co-prescribing these drugs, weighing the potential benefits and risks associated with their use.
Source: CNS Drugs - July 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Application of Healthcare ‘Big Data’ in CNS Drug Research: The Example of the Neurological and mental health Global Epidemiology Network (NeuroGEN)
AbstractNeurological and psychiatric (mental health) disorders have a large impact on health burden globally. Cognitive disorders (including dementia) and stroke are leading causes of disability. Mental health disorders, including depression, contribute up to one-third of total years lived with disability. The Neurological and mental health Global Epidemiology Network (NeuroGEN) is an international multi-database network that harnesses administrative and electronic medical records from Australia, Asia, Europe and North America. Using these databases NeuroGEN will investigate medication use and health outcomes in neurologic...
Source: CNS Drugs - June 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA with Concomitant Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with Muscle Spasticity: A Retrospective Pooled Analysis of Randomized Double-Blind Studies
ConclusionsNo apparent increased risk of bleeding complications was observed following administration of onabotulinumtoxinA to patients receiving antithrombotic therapy. Nonetheless, patient education and careful observation of the injection site in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy remains warranted.
Source: CNS Drugs - March 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Psychostimulants/Atomoxetine and Serious Cardiovascular Events in Children with ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorder
ConclusionUsing large US claims data, we found no evidence of increased SCV risk in children and adolescents with ADHD or ASD exposed to ADHD medications.
Source: CNS Drugs - November 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Current Drug Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Challenges and Opportunities
AbstractPatient-level health outcomes for acute ischemic stroke have significantly improved in the last decade primarily because of superior overall case management, availability of tailored drug interventions, and advances in endovascular procedures. Nevertheless, disease registries show a “quality gap” across social determinants of health and between in-hospital and community-onset strokes. Several factors, including financing and infrastructure constraints, limited expertise, and clinical uncertainty, still prevent adherence to evidence-based clinical guidelines and optimal care pathways. This paper critically appra...
Source: CNS Drugs - September 10, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Temporal Trends and Predictors of Drug Utilization and Outcomes in First-Ever Stroke Patients: A Population-Based Study Using the Singapore Stroke Registry
ConclusionsPrescription of secondary stroke preventive medications (particularly in ischemic stroke) was associated with more favorable outcomes, highlighting the importance of physician adherence to evidence-based pharmacotherapy.
Source: CNS Drugs - July 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research