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Factors associated with non –vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation: Results from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II (ORBIT-AF II)
Conclusions In contemporary clinical practice, up to three-fourths of patients with new-onset AF are now initially treated with a NOAC for stroke prevention. Those selected for NOAC treatment had lower stroke and bleeding risk profiles, were more likely treated by cardiologists, and had higher socioeconomic status. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01701817
Source: American Heart Journal - April 25, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Trends in antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: Data from the Veterans Health Administration Health System
Conclusions Among US veterans with new AF and additional risk factors for stroke, only about half receive OAC, and the proportion is declining.
Source: American Heart Journal - September 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Simplified prediction of postoperative cardiac surgery outcomes with a novel score: R2CHADS2
Conclusion The R2CHADS2 score estimates postoperative events with acceptable accuracy and if further validated may be used as a simple preoperative risk tool calculator.
Source: American Heart Journal - May 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Prediction of Postoperative Cardiac Surgery Outcomes With a Novel Score: R2CHADS2
Conclusion The R2CHADS2 score estimates postoperative events with acceptable accuracy and if validated can be used as a simple preoperative drisk tool calculator.
Source: American Heart Journal - April 29, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Reducing cardiovascular risk through treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: 2 methodological approaches
This article describes 2 independent studies that worked collaboratively to fill these gaps. The populations, design features, and relative benefits/challenges of the 2 studies (SleepTight and BestAIR) are described. Both studies were encouraged to have multidisciplinary teams with expertise in behavioral interventions to improve PAP compliance. Both studies provide key information that will be useful to the research community in future large-scale, event-driven, randomized trials to evaluate the efficacy and/or effectiveness of strategies to identify and treat significant OSA for decreasing risk of major adverse cardiovas...
Source: American Heart Journal - December 22, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Reducing Cardiovascular Risk through Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Two Methodological Approaches
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2015 Source:American Heart Journal Author(s): Klar Yaggi, Murray A. Mittleman, Dawn M. Bravata, John Concato, James Ware, Catherine M. Stoney, Susan Redline Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) significantly impacts cardiovascular health, demonstrated by observational investigations showing an independently increased risk of ischemic heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. Positive airway pressure (PAP), a medical therapy for sleep apnea, reverses airway obstruction ...
Source: American Heart Journal - September 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Effects of withdrawing vs continuing renin-angiotensin blockers on incidence of acute kidney injury in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac catheterization: Results from the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker and Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Patients Receiving Cardiac Catheterization (CAPTAIN) trial
Conclusion In this pilot study of patients with moderate renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac catheterization, with-holding ACEI/ARB resulted in a non-significant reduction in contrast-induced AKI and a significant reduction in post-procedural rise of creatinine. This low cost intervention could be considered when referring a patient for cardiac catheterization.
Source: American Heart Journal - May 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Risk of cardiovascular events and mortality among a population-based cohort of immigrants and long-term residents with diabetes: Are all immigrants healthier and if so, for how long?
Conclusion Immigrants with diabetes are at lower risk of cardiovascular events and mortality compared to long-term residents, an effect that persists more than 10 years after arrival. Not all immigrants demonstrate this health advantage.
Source: American Heart Journal - April 22, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Effects of Withdrawing Versus Continuing Renin-Angiotensin Blockers on Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Renal Insufficiency Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization: Results from the CAPTAIN Trial
Conclusion In patients with moderate renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac catheterization, withholding ACEI/ARB reduced (without statistical significance) the incidence of contrast-induced AKI. Additionally, a lower rise in post procedural creatinine levels was also noted. This low cost intervention could be considered when referring a patient for cardiac catheterization.
Source: American Heart Journal - April 22, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease in older patients
Conclusions Among older patients with AF and CAD, overall warfarin use was low. Patients ≥80 years old at highest stroke risk received warfarin in similar proportions to the overall cohort. Further investigation into optimizing antithrombotic strategies in this population is warranted.
Source: American Heart Journal - October 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Drivers of hospitalization for patients with atrial fibrillation: Results from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF)
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and contributes significantly to health care expenditures. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of hospitalization in patients with AF.Methods: The ORBIT-AF registry is a prospective, observational study of outpatients with AF enrolled from June 29, 2010, to August 9, 2011. The current analysis included 9,484 participants with 1-year follow-up. Multivariable, logistic regression was used to identify baseline characteristics that were associated with first cause-specific hospitalization.Results: Overall, 31% of patients with AF studied (...
Source: American Heart Journal - February 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benjamin A. Steinberg, Sunghee Kim, Gregg C. Fonarow, Laine Thomas, Jack Ansell, Peter R. Kowey, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Bernard J. Gersh, Elaine Hylek, Gerald Naccarelli, Alan S. Go, James Reiffel, Paul Chang, Eric D. Peterson, Jonathan P. Piccini Tags: Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation according to prior warfarin use: Results from the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation trial
Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation who are vitamin K antagonist (VKA)-naive may have a higher risk of thrombosis and/or bleeding than VKA-experienced patients.Methods and results: Using data from ARISTOTLE, we assessed baseline characteristics and the treatment effect of apixaban versus warfarin in the VKA-naive and VKA-experienced cohorts. We compared rates of study drug discontinuation and time-in-therapeutic range. Overall, 7,800 (43%) were VKA naive, and 10,401 were VKA experienced. At baseline, both groups were similar with respect to age and congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, stroke sco...
Source: American Heart Journal - July 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: David A. Garcia, Lars Wallentin, Renato D. Lopes, Laine Thomas, John H. Alexander, Elaine M. Hylek, Jack Ansell, Michael Hanna, Fernando Lanas, Greg Flaker, Patrick Commerford, Denis Xavier, Dragos Vinereanu, Hongqiu Yang, Christopher B. Granger Tags: Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Rationale and design of the Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial: A test of the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis
Background: Inflammation plays a fundamental role in atherothrombosis. Yet, whether direct inhibition of inflammation will reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes is not known.Design: The Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial (CIRT) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01594333) will randomly allocate 7,000 patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) and either type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome to low-dose methotrexate (target dose 15-20 mg/wk) or placebo over an average follow-up period of 3 to 5 years. Low-dose methotrexate is a commonly used anti-inflammatory regimen for the treatment of rheumatoid a...
Source: American Heart Journal - May 6, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brendan M. Everett, Aruna D. Pradhan, Daniel H. Solomon, Nina Paynter, Jean MacFadyen, Elaine Zaharris, Milan Gupta, Michael Clearfield, Peter Libby, Ahmed A.K. Hasan, Robert J. Glynn, Paul M. Ridker Tags: Trial Design Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke associated with left cardiac catheterization: The importance of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors
Background: Stroke associated with left cardiac catheterization is a devastating complication, and its incidence has not changed over the decades.We investigated the incidence, in-hospital outcomes and the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for periprocedural ischemic stroke.Methods: Our retrospective cohort study included all patients experiencing periprocedural ischemic stroke among the 24,500 patients who underwent left cardiac catheterization between January 2003 and October 2010. The case group was compared with a group of control patients randomly selected among those who underwent the procedure during this p...
Source: American Heart Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Batric Popovic, Sylvain Carillo, Nelly Agrinier, Charles Christophe, Christine Selton-Suty, Yves Juillière, Etienne Aliot Tags: Interventional Cardiology Source Type: research