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Source: Heart
Condition: Heart Failure

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Total 92 results found since Jan 2013.

Do risk factors for cardiovascular disease also increase the risk of frailty?
Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterised by multisystem impairment which decreases physiological reserve and increases the vulnerability to stressors. In patients with cardiovascular disease, frailty is a strong independent predictor of reduced life expectancy, prolonged hospitalisation and complications from surgery and other interventions.1 For these reasons there has been an increasing interest in the role of more systematic evaluation for frailty in elderly patients considered for major cardiovascular interventions.2 In their published Heart paper, Ramsay and colleagues3 provide a different perspective on the links...
Source: Heart - March 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stewart, R. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Editorials Source Type: research

Survival by stroke volume index in low-gradient normal EF severe aortic stenosis: insights into myocardial systolic dysfunction
To the Editor, We read with interest the recent article on survival by stroke volume index (SVI) in patients with low-gradient normal EF severe aortic stenosis, which demonstrated lower SVI is incrementally associated with mortality.1 The authors discuss a putative mechanism of low stroke volume (SV) secondary to concentric remodelling which results in reduced LV cavity size. This impedes LV diastolic filling culminating in diminished systolic function despite normal EF. The authors quote evidence of systolic impairment, for example reduced longitudinal strain, in similar cohorts with preserved EF.2 In the current study, t...
Source: Heart - December 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rodrigues, J. C. L., Dastidar, A. G., Rohan, S., MacIver, D. H. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Peripheral neuropathy and the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Conclusions PN is associated with increased risk for a first cardiovascular event among individuals with diabetes.
Source: Heart - November 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brownrigg, J. R. W., de Lusignan, S., McGovern, A., Hughes, C., Thompson, M. M., Ray, K. K., Hinchliffe, R. J. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders, Tobacco use Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Prognostic impact of ss-blocker use in patients with stable coronary artery disease
Conclusions In this observational study of patients with stable CAD, the use of ß-blockers was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Source: Heart - October 19, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bauters, C., Lemesle, G., Meurice, T., Tricot, O., de Groote, P., Lamblin, N. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Coronary artery disease Source Type: research

Low dietary sodium in heart failure: a need for scientific rigour
There is much evidence that higher sodium intake is associated with elevated blood pressure and there is a strong likelihood that the relationship between excess dietary sodium intake and hypertension is causal.1–3 Corresponding evidence from clinical trials shows that significant reductions in blood pressure can be achieved by lowering dietary sodium consumption in groups with hypertension as well as among normotensive individuals.4 With high blood pressure identified as the leading cause of cardiovascular disease in the world, responsible for more than 60% of stroke events and almost 50% of coronary heart disease,5...
Source: Heart - October 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jun, M., Neal, B. Tags: Electronic page Source Type: research

ST2 may not be a useful predictor for incident cardiovascular events, heart failure and mortality
Conclusions In a healthy general population from Finland, sST2 did not improve long-term prediction of cardiovascular events including heart failure or all-cause mortality.
Source: Heart - October 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hughes, M. F., Appelbaum, S., Havulinna, A. S., Jagodzinski, A., Zeller, T., Kee, F., Blankenberg, S., Salomaa, V., on behalf of the FINRISK and BiomarCaRE investigators Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Prediction of stroke in patients without atrial fibrillation using the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores: a justification for more widespread thromboprophylaxis?
The CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA) (double)) and more recently, the CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years (double score), diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/TIA (double score), vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category (female)) scores are validated clinical prediction tools commonly used to estimate the stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. More recently, the focus has been on initially identifying those patients at ‘low risk’ (ie, CHA2DS...
Source: Heart - September 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Senoo, K., Lip, G. Y. H. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Hypertension, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Editorials Source Type: research

Diabetes, incretin hormones and cardioprotection
The diabetes pandemic In 2012 an estimated 371 million people had diabetes and of those about a half were undiagnosed. That number is set to expand to 552 million by 2030. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constitutes 85–95% of all diabetes in high income nations and may account for an even greater proportion in their low and middle income counterparts (figure 1). As a global pandemic, diabetes claimed the lives of 4.8 million people in 2012, half of whom were below the age of 60 years.w1 The predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes is cardiovascular disease, with at least a twofold excess risk of ...
Source: Heart - September 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Myat, A., Redwood, S. R., Gersh, B. J., Yellon, D. M., Marber, M. S. Tags: Diabetic heart disease, Education in Heart, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Source Type: research

Two (or more) sides of a coin
There has been a lot of controversy concerning the prognostic role of obesity on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several studies with cardiovascular patients (heart failure, coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral artery diseases, hypertension and atrial fibrillation) have reported better or similar risk of cardiovascular events and mortality among overweight and obese individuals as compared to lean ones.1 Since obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, these findings initially surprised researchers, who coined the term ‘obesity paradox’. The increasingly debated ‘metabo...
Source: Heart - August 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Beleigoli, A., Diniz, M. d. F. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Biomarkers and atrial fibrillation: is it prime time yet?
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a global epidemic with increasing burden on healthcare systems.1 AF is associated with increased risk of thromboembolic stroke, heart failure, cognitive dysfunction and mortality. In improving prognosis, the focus of management revolves around stroke prevention with clinical scores developed to identify people with increased stroke risk. The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores are the most commonly used scores, with the latter being better able to discriminate low-risk subjects.2 However, both the risk scores have a modest predictive value for identifying high-risk subjects for stroke with C statisti...
Source: Heart - July 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mahajan, R., Lau, D. H., Sanders, P. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Short-term effects of air pollution on a range of cardiovascular events in England and Wales: case-crossover analysis of the MINAP database, hospital admissions and mortality
Conclusions This study found no clear evidence for pollution effects on STEMIs and stroke, which ultimately represent thrombogenic processes, though it did for pulmonary embolism. The strongest associations with air pollution were observed with selected non-MI outcomes.
Source: Heart - June 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Milojevic, A., Wilkinson, P., Armstrong, B., Bhaskaran, K., Smeeth, L., Hajat, S. Tags: Open access, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Venous thromboembolism, Epidemiology Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

Infective endocarditis: old problem, new guidelines and still much to learn
Despite major advances in treating valvular heart disease, the in-hospital mortality (15–20%) and 1-year mortality (~=40%) for infective endocarditis (IE) has not improved even with modern antibiotics and surgical therapy. Further, stroke (17%), embolisation other than stroke (23%), heart failure (HF) (32%) and other complications remain common; therefore, all precautions to help prevent IE should be employed where indicated. In underdeveloped countries, IE is most often associated with rheumatic heart disease. In developed countries, IE is increasingly associated with prosthetic valves and intracardiac devices, with...
Source: Heart - June 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Erwin, J. P., Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Clinical diagnostic tests, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Editorials Source Type: research

Resistant hypertension: resistance to treatment or resistance to taking treatment?
The treatment of hypertension has been a therapeutic success. A generation or more of effective drugs deserves considerable credit for their contribution to the substantial decline in age-related incidence of stroke, ischaemic heart disease and heart failure. And because almost all the drugs are long-since off patent, the cost of success comes cheaply. Indeed, National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has branded treatment of hypertension as not only cost effective but cost saving.1 Yet not all patients achieve their blood pressure target and are labelled as ‘resistant hypertension’. A contentious...
Source: Heart - May 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brown, M. J. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Interventional cardiology, Epidemiology Editorials Source Type: research

Under-representation of frail or medically compromised hypertensive older people
To the Editor We have read the article by Briasoulis et al1 on effect of antihypertensive treatment in patients over 65 years of age with great interest. They comprehensively reviewed prospective randomised trials and assessed the effects of antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular, all-cause mortality, stroke and heart failure in patients over 65 years of age. By the way of 18 clinically relevant studies, they concluded that treatment to blood pressure target of 150/80 mm Hg or to blood pressure reduction of >25/10 mm Hg effectively decreases all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortali...
Source: Heart - May 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bahat, G., Tufan, A., Karan, M. A. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Cardiac output response and peripheral oxygen extraction during exercise among symptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with and without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Conclusions Cardiac reserve is reduced in HCM because of failure of SV augmentation. LVOTO exacerbates this abnormal response, but haemodynamic responses vary significantly. Non-invasive exercise haemodynamic assessment may improve understanding of symptoms and help tailor therapy.
Source: Heart - March 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Critoph, C. H., Patel, V., Mist, B., Elliott, P. M. Tags: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension Heart failure and cardiomyopathies Source Type: research