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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 861 results found since Jan 2013.
TRPC Channels Activated by G Protein-Coupled Receptors Drive Ca2+ Dysregulation Leading to Secondary Brain Injury in the Mouse Model
AbstractCanonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) non-selective cation channels, particularly those assembled with TRPC3, TRPC6, and TRPC7 subunits, are coupled to Gαq-type G protein-coupled receptors for the major classes of excitatory neurotransmitters. Sustained activation of this TRPC channel-based pathophysiological signaling hub in neurons and glia likely contributes to prodigious excitotoxicity-driven secondary brain injury expansion. This was investigated in mouse models with selectiveTrpc gene knockout (KO). In adult cerebellar brain slices, application of glutamate and the class I metabotropic glutamate rece...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Nomogram to Predict Good Neoangiogenesis After Indirect Revascularization Surgery in Patients with Moyamoya Disease: a Case –control Study
AbstractIndirect bypass surgery is an effective treatment for moyamoya disease (MMD), but the success of the surgery depends on the formation of spontaneous collateral vessels, which cannot be accurately predicted before surgery. Developing a prediction nomogram model for neoangiogenesis in patients after indirect revascularization surgery can aid surgeons in identifying suitable candidates for indirect revascularization surgery. This retrospective observational study enrolled patients with MMD who underwent indirect bypass surgery from a multicenter cohort between December 2010 and December 2018. Data including potential ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Risk of New-onset Stroke in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes with Chronic Kidney Disease on Sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitor Users
This study aimed to examine the association between the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and NOS risk in patients with T2D and CKD. We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using data from the Taiwan Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database for the years 2004 to 2019. The primary outcome was the risk of incident stroke, which was estimated using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used multiple Cox regression modeling to analyze the association between SGLT2 inhibitor use and the risk of stroke in patients with T2D and CKD. In a cohort of 113,710 patients with T2D and CKD who were u...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Effect of INR on Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion
This study aimed to analyze the effects of international normalized ratio (INR) indicators on outcomes in patients with acute VBAO treated with EVT. Dynamic data on INR in patients with VBAO who received endovascular treatment (EVT) at 65 stroke centers in China were retrospectively enrolled. Outcome measures included the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days and 1 year and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). The associations between elevated INR (INR > 1.1), INR variability (time-weighted variance of INR changes), and various clinical outcomes were analyzed in all patients and subgroups stratifie...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Central IRF4/5 Signaling Are Critical for Microglial Activation and Impact on Stroke Outcomes
AbstractMicroglia and monocytes play a critical role in immune responses to cerebral ischemia. Previous studies have demonstrated that interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and IRF5 direct microglial polarization after stroke and impact outcomes. However, IRF4/5 are expressed by both microglia and monocytes, and it is not clear if it is the microglial (central) or monocytic (peripheral) IRF4-IRF5 regulatory axis that functions in stroke. In this work, young (8 –12 weeks) male pep boy (PB), IRF4 or IRF5 flox, and IRF4 or IRF5 conditional knockout (CKO) mice were used to generate 8 types of bone marrow chimeras, to differ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Effect of the ABCB1(MDR-1) C3435T Polymorphism in Turkish Patients with Aspirin Resistance in Acute Ischemic Stroke
This study aimed to investigate the rate of AR, the factors influencing AR in patients with acute ischemic stroke under regular aspirin use, and the relationship between AR and ABCB1 (MDR-1) C3435T (rs1045642) polymorphism. Throughout this multicenter prospective study, 174 patients with acute ischemic stroke who had been prescribed aspirin for at least one month due to the risk of vascular disease, along with 106 healthy volunteers, were included as part of the study group. The results of our study indicate that AR was detected in 21.3% of the patient group. According to the results of an analysis of the polymorphism of t...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic
AbstractNeurological injuries can have numerous debilitating effects on functional status including sensorimotor deficits, cognitive impairment, and behavioral symptoms. Despite the disease burden, treatment options remain limited. Current pharmacological interventions are targeted at symptom management but are ineffective in reversing ischemic brain damage. Stem cell therapy for ischemic brain injury has shown promising preclinical and clinical results and has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic option. Various stem cell sources (embryonic, mesenchymal/bone marrow, and neural stem cells) have been investigat...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Clozapine-Induced Chemogenetic Neuromodulation Rescues Post-Stroke Deficits After Chronic Capsular Infarct
AbstractLong-term disabilities induced by stroke impose a heavy burden on patients, families, caregivers, and public health systems. Extensive studies have demonstrated the therapeutic value of neuromodulation in enhancing post-stroke recovery. Among them, chemogenetic neuromodulation activated by clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) has been proposed as the potential tool of neuromodulation. However, recent evidence showed that CNO does not cross the blood − brain barrier and may in fact have low binding affinity for chemogenetic tool. Thus, clozapine (CLZ) has been suggested for use in chemogenetic neuromodulation, in place of...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Dynamic Measurements of Cerebral Blood Flow Responses to Cortical Spreading Depolarization in the Murine Endovascular Perforation Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model
AbstractDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is the most severe complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is believed to play a vital role in it. However, the dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to CSD in typical SAH models have not been well investigated. Here, SAH was established in mice with endovascular perforation. Subsequently, the spontaneous CBF dropped instantly and then returned to baseline rapidly. After KCl application to the cortex, subsequent hypoperfusion waves occurred across the groups, while a lower average perfusion level was found in th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
MicroRNA-193a-5p Rescues Ischemic Cerebral Injury by Restoring N2-Like Neutrophil Subsets
In conclusion, miR-193a-5p protects against cerebral ischemic injury by restoring neutrophil N2 phenotype-associated neuroinflammation suppr ession, likely, in part, via UBE2V2 induction.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Clinical Significance and Influencing Factors of Microvascular Tissue Reperfusion After Macrovascular Recanalization
In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of tissue optimal reperfusion (TOR) and its influencing factors. From December 1, 2020 to December 1, 2021, AIS patients with successful recanalization (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score [mTICI] ≥ 2b) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) were retrospectively reviewed. Computed tomography perfusion was performed before and after MT. Successful reperfusion was assessed by TOR, defined as > 90% reduction of the Tmax > 6 s lesion volumes between baseline and early follow-up perfusion profiles. The impact of TOR on functional outcomes after...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Aspirin and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage in the UK Biobank
In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between aspirin and SAH in the general population. The UK Biobank is a prospective population-based cohort study. Sex, age, smoking, alcohol, medication use, hypertension, blood pressure, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were recorded at baseline assessments. Follow-up is conducted through linkages to National Health Service data including electronic, coded death certificate, hospital and primary care data. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to analyse the association between aspirin use and SAH. Of the 501,060 participants included in the analysis, a total of 5...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Assessment of Irreversible Tissue Injury in Extensive Ischemic Stroke —Potential of Quantitative Cerebral Perfusion
AbstractComputed tomography perfusion (CTP) is used as a tool to select ischemic stroke patients for endovascular treatment (EVT) and is currently investigated in the setting of extensive stroke with low Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scores (ASPECTS). The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive quantitative analysis of cerebral blood flow within the ischemic lesion compared to threshold-derived core lesion volumes. We hypothesized that the degree of cerebral blood volume (CBV) reduction within the ischemic lesion is predictive of irreversible tissue injury and functional outcome in patients with low ASPECTS....
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Brain-Targeting Emodin Mitigates Ischemic Stroke via Inhibiting AQP4-Mediated Swelling and Neuroinflammation
In this study, we aimed to achieve brain-targeted delivery of emodin to maximize its therapeutic efficacy and elucidate the mechanisms by which emodin alleviates ischemic stroke. A polyethylene glycol (PEG)/cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD)-modified liposome was used to encapsulate emodin. TTC, HE, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence staining were employed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of brain-targeting emodin in MCAO and OGD/R models. Inflammatory cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR were utilized for clarifying the changes in key downstream signaling. Lentivirus...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Transcriptional Landscape of Pericytes in Acute Ischemic Stroke
This study identifies temporal transcriptional changes in the acute phase of ischemic stroke that reflect the early response of pericytes to the ischemic insult and its secondary consequences and may constitute potential future therapeutic targets.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
