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The outlook for non-invasive electrical brain stimulation
Over a decade since the initial establishment of modern transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), the field of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has blossomed to include a range of techniques (e.g., alternating current (tACS), random noise (tRNS), and pulsed current stimulation), and a diverse array of applications (e.g., depression, pain, tinnitus, stroke, and schizophrenia). At the cusp of even broader dissemination of tES as a tool for the treatment and rehabilitation of brain disorders, the study of brain function, and brain enhancement, it is incumbent to consolidate what have we learned and what remains to be addressed.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - October 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Marom Bikson, Dylan Edwards, Emily Kappenman Source Type: research

Eyelid Myokymia in an Older Subject After Repetitive Sessions of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have developed into useful tools to study brain functions, like motor learning , physiological changes of the brain like during healthy aging or pathological conditions (e.g., stroke, parkinson, tinnitus, among others) . Furthermore they are more and more applied and evaluated as therapeutic tools to treat neuropsychiatric diseases . The evolution of these techniques emphasizes the importance to report possible adverse effects. Here, we present a case with occurrence of monocular eyelid myokymia after repetitive application of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the motor cortex.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 5, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: M. Wessel, M. Zimerman, J.E. Timmermann, F.C. Hummel Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research