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Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease and Polyvascular Disease
Circ Res. 2021 Jun 11;128(12):1818-1832. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318535. Epub 2021 Jun 10.ABSTRACTAtherosclerotic lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that affects >230 million people worldwide. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including advanced age, smoking, and diabetes, are strongly linked to an increase risk of PAD. Although PAD has been historically underappreciated compared with coronary artery disease and stroke, greater attention on PAD in recent years has led to important new epidemiological insigh...
Source: Circulation Research - June 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aaron W Aday Kunihiro Matsushita Source Type: research

Towards Effective and Safe Thrombolysis and Thromboprophylaxis: Preclinical Testing of a Novel Antibody-Targeted Recombinant Plasminogen Activator Directed Against Activated Platelets.
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting of scuPA to activated GPIIb/IIIa allows effective thrombolysis and the potential novel use as a fibrinolytic agent for thromboprophylaxis without bleeding complications. PMID: 24508759 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - February 9, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang X, Palasubramaniam J, Gkanatsas Y, Hohmann JD, Westein E, Kanojia R, Alt K, Huang D, Jia F, Ahrens I, Medcalf RL, Peter K, Hagemeyer CE Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Mechanisms of plaque formation and rupture.
Abstract Atherosclerosis causes clinical disease through luminal narrowing or by precipitating thrombi that obstruct blood flow to the heart (coronary heart disease), brain (ischemic stroke), or lower extremities (peripheral vascular disease). The most common of these manifestations is coronary heart disease, including stable angina pectoris and the acute coronary syndromes. Atherosclerosis is a lipoprotein-driven disease that leads to plaque formation at specific sites of the arterial tree through intimal inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis, and calcification. After decades of indolent progression, such plaques may ...
Source: Circulation Research - June 6, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bentzon JF, Otsuka F, Virmani R, Falk E Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Evolving Treatments for Arterial and Venous Thrombosis: Role of the Direct Oral Anticoagulants.
Abstract The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) represent a major advance in oral anticoagulant therapy and have replaced the vitamin K antagonists as the preferred treatment for many indications. By simplifying long-term anticoagulant therapy and improving its safety, the DOACs have the potential to reduce the global burden of thrombosis. Postmarketing studies suggest that the favorable results achieved with DOACs in the randomized controlled trials can be readily translated into practice, but highlight the need for appropriate patient, drug and dose selection, and careful follow-up. Leveraging on their success t...
Source: Circulation Research - April 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chan NC, Eikelboom JW, Weitz JI Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes.
Abstract The past 3 decades have been characterized by an exponential growth in knowledge and advances in the clinical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). It is now known that AF genesis requires a vulnerable atrial substrate and that the formation and composition of this substrate may vary depending on comorbid conditions, genetics, sex, and other factors. Population-based studies have identified numerous factors that modify the atrial substrate and increase AF susceptibility. To date, genetic studies have reported 17 independent signals for AF at 14 genomic regions. Studies have established that advanced age,...
Source: Circulation Research - April 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Staerk L, Sherer JA, Ko D, Benjamin EJ, Helm RH Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Circulating Platelets as Mediators of Immunity, Inflammation, and Thrombosis.
Abstract Platelets, non-nucleated blood components first described over 130 years ago, are recognized as the primary cell regulating hemostasis and thrombosis. The vascular importance of platelets has been attributed to their essential role in thrombosis, mediating myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Increasing knowledge on the platelets' role in the vasculature has led to many advances in understanding not only how platelets interact with the vessel wall but also how they convey changes in the environment to other circulating cells. In addition to their well-described hemostatic function, p...
Source: Circulation Research - January 19, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Koupenova M, Clancy L, Corkrey HA, Freedman JE Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Rivaroxaban Reduces Arterial Thrombosis by Inhibition of FXa Driven Platelet Activation Via Protease Activated Receptor-1.
Conclusions: Here we identified FXa as potent platelet agonist that acts through PAR1. Therefore, RIVA exerts an antiplatelet effect that together with its well-known potent anticoagulatory capacity might lead to reduced frequency of atherothrombotic events and improved outcome in patients. PMID: 31859592 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - December 19, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Petzold T, Thienel M, Dannenberg LK, Mourikis P, Helten C, Ayhan A, M'Pembele R, Achilles A, Trojovsky K, Konsek D, Zang Z, Regenauer R, Pircher J, Ehrlich A, Lüsebrink E, Nicolai L, Stocker T, Brandl R, Röschentaler F, Strecker J, Saleh I, Spannagl M, Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Platelets at the Vessel Wall in Non-Thrombotic Disease
Circ Res. 2023 Mar 17;132(6):775-790. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.122.321566. Epub 2023 Mar 16.ABSTRACTPlatelets are small, anucleate entities that bud from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Among circulating cells, platelets are the most abundant cell, traditionally involved in regulating the balance between thrombosis (the terminal event of platelet activation) and hemostasis (a protective response to tissue injury). Although platelets lack the precise cellular control offered by nucleate cells, they are in fact very dynamic cells, enriched in preformed RNA that allows them the capability of de novo protein synthesis which ...
Source: Circulation Research - March 17, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anu Aggarwal Courtney L Jennings Emily Manning Scott J Cameron Source Type: research

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