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Body mass index and waist circumference as predictors of recurrent vascular events after a recent ischemic stroke
Obesity is an independent contributor to ischemic stroke incidence. A meta-analysis of 13 studies revealed that a 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index (BMI) was associated with a 22% increased risk of ischemic stroke in European/North American/Australian cohorts and a 35% increased risk of ischemic stroke among the Asian populations.1 In a meta-analysis of 7 prospective studies, persons in the highest waist circumference (WC) category had a relative risk of 1.41 (95% CI, 1.21 ⁠–1.56) for ischemic stroke compared with persons in the lowest category.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Kyusik Kang, Jong-Moo Park, Wi-Sun Ryu, Sang-Wuk Jeong, Dong-Eog Kim, Hong-Kyun Park, Yong-Jin Cho, Keun-Sik Hong, Kyung Bok Lee, Tai Hwan Park, Sang-Soon Park, Juneyoung Lee, Beom Joon Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Hee-Joon Bae Source Type: research

Muscle Strength Gain is Positively Associated with Functional Recovery in Patients with Sarcopenic Obesity After Stroke
Evidence regarding the effect of sarcopenic obesity on recovery in stroke patients is scarce in rehabilitation medicine. The aim of this study was to examine the association between changes in muscle strength and functional outcomes in patients with sarcopenic obesity undergoing rehabilitation after stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Fumihiko Nagano, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Ayaka Matsumoto, Takahiro Bise, Yoshifumi Kido, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi Source Type: research

Obesity and the Risk of Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults
We examined the association between obesity and early-onset cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS) and whether fat distribution or sex altered this association.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Nina Jaakonm äki, Marialuisa Zedde, Tomi Sarkanen, Nicolas Martinez-Majander, Suvi Tuohinen, Juha Sinisalo, Essi Ryödi, Jaana Autere, Marja Hedman, Ulla Junttola, Jaana K. Huhtakangas, Teresa Grimaldi, Rosario Pascarella, Annika Nordanstig, Odd Bech-Han Source Type: research

Taking the Obesity Paradox to New Heights in Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Obesity typically worsens many of the major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as elevating blood pressure, worsening dyslipidemia, increasing impaired plasma glucose metabolism (leading to metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus), and increasing systemic inflammation, increasing the risk of most CVD, including hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, atrial fibrillation and cerebrovascular diseases.1 –3 However, in patients with established CVD, many studies published by my colleagues and I and others have demonstrated a consistent paradox, where obese patients with established CVD seem t...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Carl J. Lavie, Salvatore Carbone, Ian J. Neeland Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Height is Inversely Associated with Biomarkers of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease in Older Adults of Amerindian Ancestry: Exploring the Obesity Paradox
Various anthropometric measurements have been inversely associated with atherosclerosis, giving rise to the concept of an “obesity paradox” However, inconsistent study results make it difficult to determine the best anthropometric measurement with which to assess such inverse relationship. Height has been inversely associated with atherosclerosis and it is unlikely to be associated with unexpected biases. In this s tudy, we aimed to assess the association between height and other anthropometric measurements and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Robertino M. Mera, Bettsy Y. Recalde, Pedro P érez, José Ortega-Tola, Denisse A. Rumbea, Mark J. Sedler Source Type: research

Association Between Weight Loss and Activities of Daily Living in Obese and Overweight Patients after Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study
Obesity is an important issue in global health care. Between 1975 and 2016, the proportion of obese individuals in the world nearly tripled. In fact, 39% of adults aged 18 years and older were overweight in 2016 and 13% were obese, using the traditional definition of overweight and obesity, namely, a body mass index (BMI)> 25 kg/m2 and> 30 kg/m2, respectively.1 Obesity is associated with a significant increase in mortality2,3 and the risk of many disorders, including metabolic and cardiovascular disease,4 cancer,5 infection,6 and physical limitations,7 as well as increasing healthcare costs.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Yoji Kokura, Shinta Nishioka Source Type: research

Higher BMI Confers a Long-Term Functional Status Advantage in Elderly New Zealand European Stroke Patients
Obesity is a risk factor for ischaemic stroke but provides a survival advantage. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and long-term function is less clear. The presence of an obesity paradox can inform clinical care and identify vulnerable patients who need additional support post-stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Shivankar Nair, Siyi Chen, Deepak Gupta, Alesha J. Smith, Ailsa L. McGregor Source Type: research

Factors Linked to Chronic Kidney Disease Among Stroke Survivors in Ghana
Stroke and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major health problems across several regions of the globe. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) collaborators have estimated the global lifetime risk of stroke for adults 25 years or older at 24.9% in 2016.1 An estimated 11-13% of the population worldwide has kidney disease.2 Both stroke and renal disease share traditional vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia and obesity.3 Among ischemic stroke patients, 20% to 35% have CKD4,5 while 20 to 46% of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage have CKD.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo, Martin Agyei, Isaac Ogyefo, Priscilla Abrafi Opare-Addo, Bruce Ovbiagele Source Type: research

Modifiable Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Secondary Ischaemic Stroke Prevention Strategies
Eighty percent of stroke is due to five modifiable factors: hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity, unhealthy diet, and lack of exercise.1 Risk factors for first-time and recurrent ischaemic stroke are similar.2 The absolute risk of a recurrent ischaemic stroke following an initial ischaemic stroke is 29.7% by five years.3 Recurrent strokes are associated with greater disability and mortality than first-time strokes.4 Secondary prevention strategies are key in reducing recurrent ischaemic events.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: G Shankari, Szu Chyi Ng, Si Ying Goh, Fung Peng Woon, Kinjal Doshi, Pei Shieen Wong, Qianqian Fan, Il Fan Tan, Kaavya Narasimhalu, Deidre Anne De Silva Source Type: research

Predictors of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-based Study
Each year, approximately 0.8 million people are estimated to experience a new or recurrent stroke, according to the 2019 report of the American Heart Association.1 In Malaysia, stroke is the third leading cause of death after ischemic heart disease (IHD) and pneumonia.2 Both obesity and diabetes are considered as the established independent risk factors for ischemic stroke.3 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was also found to be associated with an increase in all-cause as well as cardiovascular mortality following the stroke,4,5 and in a meta-analysis of 18 studies, patients with diabetes had a higher stroke recurrence as co...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Orwa Albitar, Sabariah Noor Harun, Nur Ezzati Abidin, Balamurugan Tangiisuran, Hadzliana Zainal, Irene Looi, Khairul Azmi Ibrahim, Norsima Nazifah Sidek, Keat Wei Loo, Keng Yee Lee, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Siti Maisharah Sheikh Ghadzi Source Type: research

Self-Reported Body Weight Changes, Perceptions, and Weight Loss Techniques among Stroke Survivors
Background: Little is known about the body weight goals and trends of stroke survivors, despite evidence that overweight and obesity can negatively influence poststroke rehabilitation outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify self-reported body weight trends over time in stroke survivors and nonstroke controls (>50 years old) and describe the methods used to attempt to achieve body weight goals. Methods: Self-reported body weight 1) at age 25 years, 2) 10 years prior to the current assessment, 3) 1 year prior to the current assessment, 4) current weight, and 5) age of heaviest body weight were collected fro...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Jessica L. Kelleher, Paul Weiss, Amy D. Rodriguez, Joe R. Nocera, Monica C. Serra Source Type: research

Television Viewing Time and Stroke Risk: Australian Diabetes Obesity and Lifestyle Study (1999-2012)
Introduction: Having a low level of physical activity is an established risk factor for stroke, but little is known about the importance of common sedentary behavior —television viewing—to stroke risk. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data that were collected as part of the longitudinal Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle study. Stroke events reported during the study (between baseline assessment in 1999-2000 and April 2011) were con firmed using adjudication based on medical records.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Toby B. Cumming, Elizabeth Holliday, David Dunstan, Coralie English Source Type: research

High-Resolution Pulse Oximetry (HRPO): A Cost-Effective Tool in Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Acute Stroke and Predicting Outcome
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a well-known risk factor for stroke. This is attributed to multiple mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and comorbid obesity. STOP questionnaire alone is unreliable to diagnose OSA and in-hospital sleep study is costly and can be technically challenging. We used high-resolution pulse oximetry (HRPO) to test the feasibility of screening for OSA and predicting outcome.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 7, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sridhara Sastry Yaddanapudi, Maria Carissa Pineda, David W. Boorman, Richard E. Bryne, Krista Lim Hing, Sunil Sharma Source Type: research

The Influence of Abdominal and Ectopic Fat Accumulation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: A Chongqing Study
To investigate the effects of abdominal obesity (AO) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with or without AO on carotid arteries by determining carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu Yi, Yu-Hui Liu, Xin-Fu Zhou, Yan-Jiang Wang, Juan Deng, Juan Liu, Hong-Bo He, Zhi-Qiang Xu Source Type: research

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