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Pain and muscles properties modifications after botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) and radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave (rESWT) combined treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy could be an effective physical treatment aimed at the reduction of upper and lower limbs spasticity and could lead to the improvement of trophic conditions of the spastic muscles in post-stroke. PMID: 30843498 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders Drug Targets - March 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Benefits and Risks of Non-Approved Injection Regimens for Botulinum Toxins in Spasticity
AbstractSpasticity with muscle paresis and loss of dexterity is a common feature of upper motor neuron syndrome due to injuries or the pyramidal tract in several neurological conditions. Botulinum toxin type A has been considered the gold standard treatment for spasticity and movement disorders, with efficacy, reversibility, and low prevalence of complications. During the last 30  years, thousands of studies of its use have been performed, but few guidelines are available. Therefore, there is great variability in both the doses and intervals of administration and the approaches taken by clinicians with considerable experi...
Source: Drugs - July 19, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy After Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A for a Patient With Chronic Stroke: One-Year Follow-up Case Report.
DISCUSSION: The improved arm function could reflect improvements in volitional movements and coordination or speed of movements in the paretic arm that resulted from a reduction in spasticity, a reduction of learned nonuse behaviors, or use-dependent plasticity after the combination of BTX type A and constraint-induced movement therapy. If this approach proves useful in future controlled studies, this may halt the rising medical costs of the treatment of stroke. PMID: 25592185 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Physical Therapy - January 15, 2015 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Amano S, Takebayashi T, Hanada K, Umeji A, Marumoto K, Furukawa K, Domen K Tags: Phys Ther Source Type: research

A Compilation of Spasticity Studies Evaluating Onabotulinumtoxin A (P3.042)
CONCLUSIONS: OnabotulinumtoxinA has been extensively studied for treatment of spasticity against a variety of rating scales/assessments and outcomes measures.Study Sponsored by: Allergan, Inc.Disclosure: Dr. Patel has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan Inc. Dr. Manack has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan Inc.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Patel, P., Manack, A. Tags: Neural Repair and Neuro-rehabilitation: Clinical Source Type: research