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Bilateral ballism as limb-shaking transient ischemic attacks treated with unilateral carotid artery stent placement
A man in his 80s with no medical history and a heavy smoking habit experienced a sudden involuntary movement of the bilateral limbs, trunk, and tongue. He had mild dysarthria, and could not eat (Video 1). Symptoms lasted for several hours and days, with frequent onset during the day. No consciousness impairments, paralysis, or sensory disturbances were observed. Physical examination and laboratory data did not indicate meningitis, encephalitis, post-infectious causes, or autoimmune disorders.The electroencephalogram showed no abnormalities.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Toshihiko Shimizu, Keiko Haro, Masahiko Tagawa, Masaaki Hirata, Sachiko Iwano, Hiroshi Kosaka, Yuji Yamamoto Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

COVID-19 encephalitis with SARS-CoV-2 detected in cerebrospinal fluid presenting as a stroke mimic
We report the case of a 35-year-old male with COVID-19 encephalitis presenting as a stroke mimic with sudden-onset expressive and receptive dysphasia, mild confusion and right arm incoordination. The patient received thrombolysis for a suspected ischaemic stroke, but later became febrile and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Electroencephalography demonstrated excess in slow waves, but neuroimaging was reported as normal. Respiratory symptoms were absent throughout and nasopharyngeal swab was negative for SARS-CoV-2.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Diarmuid Glavin, Denise Kelly, Greta Karen Wood, Beth MS McCausland, Mark Alexander Ellul, Aravinthan Varatharaj, Ian Galea, Rhys Huw Thomas, Benedict Daniel Michael, Brian Gallen, CoroNerve Study Management Group Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature
Central nervous system (CNS) manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include encephalopathy, encephalitis, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and stroke [1], both as a result of direct viral invasion of the central nervous system [2 –5] and as a consequence of critical illness and systemic infection [6]. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may also cause significant changes in endothelial morphology, including disruption of intercellular junctions, cell swelling, and a loss of contact with the basal membrane [7].
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 29, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Pria Anand, K. H.Vincent Lau, David Y Chung, Deepti Virmani, Anna M. Cervantes-Arslanian, Asim Mian, Courtney E. Takahashi Source Type: research

Tick-borne Encephalitis: Stroke-like Presentation
We report a unique case of clinical symptoms and radiological findings compatible with a stroke-like inflammatory lesion in the thalamus, suggesting microangiopathy from TBEV. Our case shows that TBEV could be a possible cause of stroke-like lesions.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Andreas Eleftheriou, Fredrik Lundin, Evangelos Alexandros Petropoulos Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Rapidly Progressive Intracranial Vasculopathy in Graft Versus Host Disease
We report a previously undescribed noninflammatory vasculopathy causing multifocal intracranial arterial occlusions and cerebral infarctions in a man following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which we propose to be a central nervous system manifestation of graft versus host disease.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Theodore Bowen, Shawn A. Silver, Cathy Sila Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Recurrent Hemorrhagic Venous Infarctions Caused by Thrombosis of a Pontine Developmental Venous Anomaly and Protein S Mutation
A 34-year-old man presented with an acute onset of upbeat nystagmus, slurred speech, and limb and truncal ataxias. The patient had a history of limb ataxia and gait disturbance previously treated as brainstem encephalitis with corticosteroids 3 years previously. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed pontine developmental venous anomaly (DVA) and hemorrhagic infarction within the drainage territory of the DVA. Three months later, the patient exhibited recurrent limb ataxia, double vision, and numbness of the left side of the body.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 18, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuri Nakamura, Kei-ichiro Takase, Takuya Matsushita, Satoshi Yoshimura, Ryo Yamasaki, Hiroyuki Murai, Kazufumi Kikuchi, Jun-ichi Kira Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Encephalitis as a Cause of Ischemic Stroke: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature
Our objective is to describe a patient who developed an ischemic stroke as a complication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) encephalitis and to review the literature.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Panagiotis Zis, Panagiota Stritsou, Panagiotis Angelidakis, Antonios Tavernarakis Source Type: research

Varicella-Zoster Vasculitis Presenting with Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is known as one of the rare, but important, causes of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Most previously reported VZV-related hemorrhagic stroke and cerebral vasculitis are associated with anterior circulation because VZV spreads from trigeminal ganglia to the anterior circulation of Willis. The present study presents a patient with cerebellar hemorrhage, who was diagnosed with VZV encephalitis and vasculitis of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kazuya Matsuo, Yoichi Uozumi, Hirohito Miyamoto, Shotaro Tatsumi, Eiji Kohmura Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Stroke after Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment in Miller–Fisher Syndrome/Bickerstaff Brain Stem Encephalitis Overlap Syndrome
The association of a posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) without arterial hypertension with autoimmune-mediated inflammatory neuropathies such as Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon. To date, PRES has been described as initial manifestation, coincidental finding, or adverse event subsequent to immunomodulatory treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in cases of axonal and demyelinating GBS as well as in Miller–Fisher syndrome (MFS). We here report a case of MFS/Bickerstaff brain stem encephalitis (BBE)–overlap syndrome and nonhypertensive PRES that occurr...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Henning R. Stetefeld, Helmar C. Lehmann, Gereon R. Fink, Lothar Burghaus Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research