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Serum Neuroglobin as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker for Cognitive Impairment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
ConclusionsSerum neuroglobin may serve as a potential biomarker to predict cognitive decline after ICH.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical and Instrumental Characterization of Patients With Late-Onset Epilepsy
Epilepsy is classically considered a childhood disease. However, it represents the third most frequent neurological condition in the elderly, following stroke, and dementia. With the progressive aging of the general population, the number of patients with Late-Onset Epilepsy (LOE) is constantly growing, with important economic and social consequences, in particular for the more developed countries where the percentage of elderly people is higher. The most common causes of LOE are structural, mainly secondary to cerebrovascular or infectious diseases, brain tumors, trauma, and metabolic or toxic conditions. Moreover, there ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Imaging Markers of Subcortical Vascular Dementia in Patients With Multiple-Lobar Cerebral Microbleeds
Conclusions: SVD imaging markers might have differing associations with cognitive domains and dementia. They may provide valuable complementary information in support of personalized treatment planning against cognitive impairment, particularly in patients with a heavy SVD load.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Our results highlight differences in male-to-female ratios in SVD severity and amongst those presenting with stroke that have important clinical and translational implications. Future SVD research should report participant demographics, risk factors and outcomes separately for males and females.Systematic Review Registration: [PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42020193995].
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurodegeneration Over 3 Years Following Ischaemic Stroke: Findings From the Cognition and Neocortical Volume After Stroke Study
Conclusions: Ischaemic stroke survivors exhibit greater neurodegeneration compared to stroke-free controls. Brain atrophy is greater in stroke participants who were cognitively impaired early after their stroke. Early cognitive impairment was associated greater subsequent atrophy, reflecting the combined impacts of stroke and vascular brain burden. Atrophy rates could serve as a useful biomarker for trials testing interventions to reduce post-stroke secondary neurodegeneration.Clinical Trail Registration:http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02205424.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Air Pollution: A Neglected Risk Factor for Dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean
The risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) rises with increasing age and polluted air. Currently, at least 172 million people breathe unhealthy levels of air pollution in LAC countries. Several cohort studies have indicated that air pollution increases the risk of developing dementia and neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms underlying the association are still not clear. Air pollution causes and aggravates five established risk factors for dementia (obesity, hypertension, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and heart diseases) and is linked to three other risk factors (physical i...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Spanish Neuropsychological Battery Discriminates Between the Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia and Primary Progressive Aphasia in a Colombian Sample
In conclusion, our study supports that the combination of an individual test of executive function and language, MoCA's subtest, and performance errors as well have good accuracy to discriminate between bvFTD and PPA.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

High Neutrophil –Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Conclusions: NLR in the acute stage of ischemic stroke was independently associated with PSCI at 3 months after stroke, and high NLR was specifically associated with cognitive dysfunction in the memory and visuospatial domains. Thus, systemic inflammation may be a modifiable risk factor that may influence cognitive outcomes after stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Severity of Lesions Involving the Cortical Cholinergic Pathways May Be Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Subacute Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: In patients with early subacute ischemic stroke, the severity of lesions involving the CCP may be associated with cognitive impairment at 3 months.Clinical Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR1800014982.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Challenges for Diagnostic Clarity for Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment and Behavioural Issues in Middle-Income Countries: Case Studies From Malaysia
Following stroke, individuals require ongoing screening, diagnosis and monitoring for cognitive impairment. Services and policies around these vary widely between settings, and reports from many countries highlight persistent under-diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the months and years after stroke. Missed and delayed diagnosis of post-stroke cognitive impairment, including dementia, are important factors in shaping the experiences of people so affected and their family members, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Drawing upon ethnographic research conducted in Malaysia, this article draws upon three case st...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acupuncture May Decrease the Incidence of Post-stroke Dementia: A Taiwan Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Conclusions: The association between stroke and dementia existed in both sexes, more prominent in male. Patients with stroke receiving acupuncture treatments showed decreased risk of dementia. Care must be taken evaluating these results because this study was limited to lack of information regarding lifestyles, stroke severities, and acupuncture methods that were used in treatments.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Associations Between White Matter Hyperintensity Burden, Cerebral Blood Flow and Transit Time in Small Vessel Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke and dementia, characterized by white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on neuroimaging. WMH are associated with reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) cross-sectionally, though longitudinal associations remain unclear. We updated a 2016 systematic review, identifying 30 new studies, 27 cross-sectional (n = 2,956) and 3 longitudinal (n = 440). Cross-sectionally, 10/27 new studies (n = 1,019) included sufficient data for meta-analysis, which we meta-analyzed with 24 previously reported studies (n = 1,161), total 34 (n = 2,180). Our meta-analysis showed that patients...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Screening for Cognitive Impairment After Stroke: Validation of the Chinese Version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen
Conclusion: The Qmci-CN is accurate in identifying PSD and separating PSD from PSCIND in patients post-stroke following rehabilitation and is comparable to the widely-used MoCA-CN, albeit with a significantly shorter administration time. The Qmci-CN had relatively poor accuracy in identifying PSCIND from NC and hence may lack accuracy for certain subgroups. However, given the small sample size, the study is under-powered to show superiority of one instrument over another. Further study is needed to confirm these findings in a larger sample size and in other settings (countries and languages).
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Study of Symptomatic vs. Silent Brain Infarctions on MRI in Elderly Subjects
Brain infarctions are closely associated with future risk of stroke and dementia. Our goal was to report (i) frequency and characteristics that differentiate symptomatic vs. silent brain infarctions (SBI) on MRI and (ii) frequency and location by vascular distribution (location of stroke by major vascular territories) in a population based sample. From Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, 347 participants (≥50 years) with infarcts detected on their first MRI were included. Infarct information was identified visually on a FLAIR MRI image and a vascular territory atlas was registered to the FLAIR image data in order to identify the...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Deep Learning-Based Screening Test for Cognitive Impairment Using Basic Blood Test Data for Health Examination
Conclusions: The DNN model could predict cognitive function accurately. The predicted MMSE scores were significantly lower than the ground truth scores in the Healthy and Health examination groups, while there was no significant difference in the Patient group. We suggest that the difference between the predicted and ground truth MMSE scores was caused by changes in atherosclerosis with aging, and that applying the DNN model to younger subjects may predict future cognitive impairment after the onset of atherosclerosis.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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