Filtered By:
Source: Cancer Research
Therapy: Radiation Therapy

This page shows you your search results in order of date.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 17 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract B42: Silencing of DNA repair proteins with ECO/siRNA nanoparticles for the enhancement of radiation response in glioblastoma
In this study we investigate the use of these nanoparticles to deliver siRNA to inhibit ATM and DNApk activity and enhance radiation response in both glioma and glioma stem cell lines.Established glioma (U251) and glioma stem cell (NSC11) lines were used to evaluate the effectiveness of ECO nanoparticle delivery of siRNA in vitro . Cellular uptake of ECO nanoparticles loaded with fluorescent siRNA was assessed using flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy, demonstrating the rapid uptake of ECO/siRNA nanoparticles in comparison to commercially available transfection agents. Protein and mRNA analyses revealed the kinetics ...
Source: Cancer Research - January 15, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jennifer A. Lee, Nadia Ayat, Anita Tandle, Zheng-Rong Lu, Kevin Camphausen Tags: Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine Source Type: research

Abstract P3-06-15: Notch3 as a predictor of GSI sensitivity in distinct subtypes of triple negative breast cancer
Conclusions: GSI acts through Notch3 in two TNBC subtypes and combination of chemotherapy with Notch inhibition results in a better outcome as compared to either drug alone. Future experiments would elucidate the role of Notch3 inhibition in targeting cancer stem cells post chemotherapy treatment in different subtypes of TNBC.Citation Format: Shah D, Osipo C. Notch3 as a predictor of GSI sensitivity in distinct subtypes of triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2...
Source: Cancer Research - February 18, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shah, D., Osipo, C. Tags: Poster Session Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract 3303: Radioresistance in glioma stem cells driven by Rad51 dependent homologous recombination repair
We examined co-expression of stem cell markers with RAD51 protein at whole population level using western blotting, immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR in cultured cells and immunohistochemistry in tumor material. Single cell expression was analysed using the Fluidigm C1 platform. We examined the effect of two specific inhibitors of RAD51 (B02, RI-1) on the same cell pairs in vitro and used the γH2AX assay to assess differences in repair kinetics. We used subcutaneous models of glioma to evaluate the effect of one of these agents (RI-1) on tumour growth delay with and without fractionated radiation doses in vivo.Primary glioma...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: King, H., Payne, H., Brend, T., Patel, A., Wright, A., Englu, T., Stead, L., Wurdak, H., Short, S. C. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3326: Targeting lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) radiosensitizes poor prognosis cancers
Therapies for poor prognosis cancers, such as lung cancer and glioblastoma, are limited due to radio-resistance and tumor recurrence. Development of molecular targeted therapy can serve as a potential method to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy in both glioblastoma and lung cancer. Ionizing radiation (IR) can activate a series of pro-survival pathways which contributes to the pathogenesis of cancer cells. Among these pathways, cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is an integral component which is activated by IR. Following activation, cPLA2 cleaves arachidonic acid to form phosphatidylcholine (PC) and yields lysophos...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Khudanyan, A., Dadey, D., Karvas, R., Kotipatruni, R., Hallahan, D., Thotala, D. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3338: Pharmacological inhibition of MRK/ZAK kinase for the treatment of medulloblastoma
In conclusion, we have developed a new small molecule inhibitor of MRK/ZAK that radio-sensitizes medulloblastoma cells. We hypothesize that combining radio-therapy with M443 will allow us to lower the radiation dose while maintaining therapeutic efficacy, thereby minimizing radiation-induced side effects.Citation Format: Rosamaria Ruggieri, Daniel Markowitz, Caitlin Powell, Nhan Tran, Magimairajanissai Vanan, Mingzu He, Yousef Al-Abed, Marc Symons. Pharmacological inhibition of MRK/ZAK kinase for the treatment of medulloblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ruggieri, R., Markowitz, D., Powell, C., Tran, N., Vanan, M., He, M., Al-Abed, Y., Symons, M. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 20: Honokiol radiosensitizes squamous cells carcinoma of head and neck by down-regulation of survivin
Conclusions: Survivin is a negative prognostic factor in SCCHN, and is involved in DNA damage response and repair induced by IR in SCCHN cells. Down regulation of survivin by honokiol enhances the efficacy of IR, and may provide a novel therapeutic approach to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in SCCHN. (This research was supported by the National Cancer Institute award P50 CA128613, and GCC Distinguished Cancer Scholar to Dong M. Shin, Zhuo (Georgia) Chen, and Jonathan J Beitler)Citation Format: Xu Wang, Jonathan J. Beitler, Wen Huang, Guoqing Qian, Kelly Magliocca, Jun Zhang, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Sungjin Kim, Zhengj...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang, X., Beitler, J. J., Huang, W., Qian, G., Magliocca, K., Zhang, J., Nannapaneni, S., Kim, S., Chen, Z., Nabil, S. F., Chen, Z. G., Arbiser, J. L., Shin, D. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 854: Inhibition of PRMT5 results in radiosensitization in lung cancer cell lines
Conclusion: PRMT5 inhibition by siRNA or its specific inhibitors lead to radiosensitivity in A549 lung cancer cell line. This effect may be partially dependent on p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. Further work to inhibit PRMT5 in other lung cancer cell lines with different p53 activities will be investigated. Citation Format: Smitha Sharma, X Wu, P Smith, N Denko, C Li, H Lai, F Yan, K Shilo, A Chakravarti, S Sif, R Baiocchi, G Otterson, Meng Xu-Welliver. Inhibition of PRMT5 results in radiosensitization in lung cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sharma, S., Wu, X., Smith, P., Denko, N., Li, C., Lai, H., Yan, F., Shilo, K., Chakravarti, A., Sif, S., Baiocchi, R., Otterson, G., Xu-Welliver, M. Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Abstract 3937: Inhibition of Notch and HIF enhances the antitumor effect of radiation in Notch expressing lung cancer
Conclusions: Radiation-induced up-regulation of Notch pathway and HIF-1α might provide therapeutic targets for more effective radiation therapy in NSCLC. Citation Format: Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Satoshi Oizumi, Masaharu Nishimura. Inhibition of Notch and HIF enhances the antitumor effect of radiation in Notch expressing lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3937. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3937
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ikezawa, Y., Sakakibara-Konishi, J., Mizugaki, H., Oizumi, S., Nishimura, M. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3941: The Egr1 transcription factor contributes to radiation-induced apoptosis in the mouse hippocampus and intestinal crypts
Although radiation therapy is a mainstay of cancer treatments, it can have deleterious effects on normal tissues, leading to poor quality of life for cancer survivors. Stem cells in normal tissues are particularly sensitive to radiation. It is believed that they are depleted after radiation, resulting in late sequelae such as low IQ, cognitive disorders, intestinal malabsorption, infertility, and skin injuries. Our laboratory has found that normal tissue stem cells express high levels of Early Growth Response 1 (Egr1) protein and mRNA. Egr1 is a zinc-finger transcription factor that initiates early signaling events in resp...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhao, D. Y., Jacobs, K. M., Karvas, R. M., Joubert, J. L., Hallahan, D. E., Thotala, D. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3943: siRNA-mediated HuR silencing sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to radiation therapy
HuR is a ubiquitously expressed member of the Elav/Hu family of RNA-binding proteins which can associate with mRNAs containing AU-rich elements in their 3′-untranslated regions. It is predominantly a nuclear protein that translocates to the cytoplasm in response to stress signals and stabilizes mRNAs encoding proteins implicated in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and stress response. Studies examining HuR expression in human cancers indicated that elevated cytoplasmic HuR expression is associated with a high histologic grade, large tumor size, and poor survival of patients with cancer, leading to the hypothe...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Basalingappa, K. M., Mehta, M., Griffith, J. N., Muralidharan, R., Gorospe, M., Ramesh, R., Munshi, A. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 861: Survivin-mediated adaptive response: a risk factor for IGRT
Exposure of cells to very low doses of ionizing radiation can induce an enhanced resistance or adaptive response to a subsequent larger radiation dose as demonstrated by an increase in cell survival. Expression of a radio-adaptive response has been attributed to pro-survival signaling processes induced by very low radiation doses in the range of 5 to 100 mGy. The radiation-induced adaptive response is gaining considerable attention due in part to the expanding use of imaging technologies such as computerized axial tomography and portal imaging to monitor tumor response and positioning during multi-dose standard radiation t...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grdina, D. J., Murley, J. S., Miller, R. C., Woloschak, G. E., Li, J. J., Weichselbaum, R. R. Tags: Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials) Source Type: research

Abstract 3945: Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma
This study provides a new treatment option for treating invasive brain tumors. (This study was supported by NHRI-EX103-10132BI and NSC 102-2314-B-007-003-MY3 grants) Citation Format: Ching-Fang Yu, Ying-Chieh Yang, Ji-Hong Hong, Chi-Shiun Chiang. Inhibition of MMP2 expression enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy for a murine astrocytoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3945. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3945
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yu, C.-F., Yang, Y.-C., Hong, J.-H., Chiang, C.-S. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2936: JNJ-47117096, a selective small molecule inhibitor of the MELK oncogene decreases DNA damage tolerance in highly proliferating cancer cells
Conclusion: Our data generated with JNJ-47117096, confirmed by selective siRNAs, indicate MELK as a key stimulator of proliferation and replication by its ability to increase the threshold for DNA damage tolerance. Targeting MELK function by selective small molecule inhibitors might sensitise tumors to DNA-damaging agents or radiation therapy. Citation Format: Lijs Beke, Joannes T.m. Linders, Cenk Kig, An Boeckx, Erika van Heerde, Dirk Wuyts, Marc Parade, Lieven Meerpoel, Chris Johnson, Monique Beullens, Mathieu Bollen, Dirk Brehmer. JNJ-47117096, a selective small molecule inhibitor of the MELK oncogene decreases DNA dama...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Beke, L., Linders, J. T. m., Kig, C., Boeckx, A., Heerde, E. v., Wuyts, D., Parade, M., Meerpoel, L., Johnson, C., Beullens, M., Bollen, M., Brehmer, D. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 2270: TRAIL-TZD combinatorial treatment induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through modulation of AMPK signaling pathway
In this study we determined AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a potential target for TRAIL-TZD-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. AMPK is a family of serine/threonine protein kinase and is highly conserved from yeast to human. It consists of three subunits: a catalytic α subunit and regulatory β and γ subunits. AMPK is a well-accepted target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. We used C42-DN (stably overexpressing AMPK α1-dominant negative) and C42-EV (empty vector) prostate cancer cell lines to study differences in TRAIL-TZD-induced apoptosis. Our studies showed a dose dependent ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Santha, S., Majumdar, S., Viswakarma, N., Rana, A., Rana, B. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1031: Blockade of radiation-induced neuropilin-1 in glioblastoma cells impairs migration of endothelial cells
In this study, we show that the IR-induced NRP-1 role in the VEGFR-2 mediated signaling cascade promotes migration of endothelial cells. We observed that IR (8Gy) significantly elevated levels of VEGF and NRP-1 expression in 4910 and 5310 human GBM xenograft cells. Endothelial cells cultured on tumor- conditioned media from IR induced xenograft cells showed a significant increase in migration of endothelial cells; whereas, conditioned medium (CM) from NRP-1 knockdown xenograft cells inhibited IR-induced migration effects in endothelial cells. Further, CM from NRP-1 inhibited cells downregulated IR-induced expression of VEG...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Maddirela, D. R., Kesanakurti, D., Gogineni, V. R., Chetty, C. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research