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Advanced glycation end products induce skeletal muscle atrophy and insulin resistance via activating ROS-mediated ER stress PERK/FOXO1 signaling
In this study, we investigated whether AGEs could exacerbate skeletal muscle atrophy and its related insulin resistance. Mice were exposed to AGEs. Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) was silenced by a constructed viral vector carrying siRNA. Skeletal muscle atrophy was evaluated by H&E, oil red O, myosin skeletal heavy chain (MHC) and laminin immunofluorescent stains. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was assessed by DHE stain. Western blotting was used to evaluate protein expression and phosphorylation. Insulin resistance was monitored by insulin tolerance test (ITT) and glucose infusion rate (GIR). Mice exposed to AGEs s...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Haixia Du Yanpeng Ma Xiqiang Wang Yong Zhang Ling Zhu Shuang Shi Shuo Pan Zhongwei Liu Source Type: research

Repurposed major urinary protein pheromones and adult sensory neurons: Roles in neuron plasticity and experimental diabetes
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2022 May 30. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2022. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMajor urinary proteins (MUPs), members of the broader lipocalin protein family, are classified as pheromones that are excreted in male rodent urine to define conspecific territoriality. In screening for differentially regulated mRNA transcripts in a mouse model of type 1 experimental diabetes mellitus (DM), we identified an unexpected upregulation of several closely related MUP transcripts within diabetic sensory dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Both sexes expressed overall MUP protein content as identified by an antibody ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - May 31, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Trevor Poitras Vandana Singh Ramanaguru Piragasam Xiuling Wang Atef Mahmoud Mannaa Ambika Chandrasekhar Jose Martinez Richard Fahlman Douglas W Zochodne Source Type: research

Lauric acid impairs insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation by upregulating SELENOP expression via HNF4 α induction
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2022 May 2. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00163.2021. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSelenoprotein P (SeP; encoded by SELENOP in humans, Selenop in rodents) is a hepatokine that is upregulated in the liver of humans with type 2 diabetes. Excess SeP contributes to the onset of insulin resistance and various type 2 diabetes-related complications. We have previously reported that the long-chain saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid, upregulates Selenop expression, whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) downregulate it in hepatocytes. However, the effect of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on Seleno...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - May 2, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Kyoko Kamoshita Hirohiko Tsugane Kiyo-Aki Ishii Hiroaki Takayama Xingyu Yao Halimulati Abuduwaili Ryota Tanida Yasumasa Taniguchi Hein Ko Oo Guzel Gafiyatullina Shuichi Kaneko Seiichi Matsugo Toshinari Takamura Source Type: research

Bmal1 promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis by up-regulating Ptgs2 transcription in response to increasing estradiol levels in day 4 pregnant mice.
Abstract Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (Ptgs2) is a rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis. The present study assessed the role of the uterine circadian clock on Ptgs2 transcription in response to steroid hormones during early pregnancy. We demonstrated that the core clock genes (Bmal1, Per2, Nr1d1, and Dbp), Vegf, and Ptgs2, and their encoded proteins, have rhythmic expression in the mouse uterus from days 3.5 to 4.5 (D3.5-4.5) of pregnancy. Progesterone (P4) treatment of cultured uterus endometrial stromal cells (UESCs) isolated from mPer2Luciferase reporter gene knock-in mice on D4 induced a phase shift...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 8, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Zhao L, Yang L, Zhang J, Xiao Y, Wu M, Ma T, Wang X, Zhang L, Jiang H, Chao HW, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

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