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Identification of novel HIV-1 dependency factors in primary CCR4 + CCR6 + Th17 cells via a genome-wide transcriptional approach
Conclusions: The transcriptional program of Th17 cells includes molecules regulating HIV replication at multiple post-entry steps that may represent potential targets for novel therapies aimed at protecting Th17 cells from infection and subsequent depletion in HIV-infected subjects.
Source: Retrovirology - December 10, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Aurélie Cleret-BuhotYuwei ZhangDelphine PlanasJean-Philippe GouletPatricia MonteiroAnnie GosselinVanessa WaclecheCécile TremblayMohammad-Ali JenabianJean-Pierre RoutyMohamed El-FarNicolas ChomontElias HaddadRafick-Pierre SekalyPetronela Ancuta Source Type: research

Evidence that the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-II (ESCRT-II) is required for efficient human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) production
Conclusion: ESCRT-II contributes to efficient HIV virion production and export by more than one pathway; both by a transcriptional or post transcriptional mechanism and also by facilitating efficient virus export from the cell through interactions with other ESCRT components.
Source: Retrovirology - August 14, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Bo MengNatasha IpLiam PrestwoodTruus AbbinkAndrew Lever Source Type: research

Human protein Staufen-2 promotes HIV-1 proliferation by positively regulating RNA export activity of viral protein Rev
Conclusion: With this study, we establish that human Staufen-2, a host factor which is up-regulated upon HIV-1 infection, interacts with HIV-1 Rev, thereby promoting its RNA export activity and progeny virus formation. Altogether, our study provides new insights into the emerging role of the Staufen family of mRNA transporters in host-pathogen interaction and supports the notion that obliterating interactions between viral and host proteins that positively regulate HIV-1 proliferation can significantly contribute to anti-retroviral treatments.
Source: Retrovirology - February 13, 2014 Category: Virology Authors: Atoshi BanerjeeRonald BenjaminKannan BalakrishnanPayel GhoshSharmistha Banerjee Source Type: research

90K, an interferon-stimulated gene product, reduces the infectivity of HIV-1
Conclusions: Thus, 90K constitutes a novel antiviral factor that reduces the particle infectivity of HIV-1, involving interference with the maturation and incorporation of HIV-1 Env molecules into virions.
Source: Retrovirology - October 24, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Veronika LodermeyerKristina SuhrNicola SchrottChristian KolbeChristina StürzelDaniela KrnavekJan MünchChristian DietzTanja WaldmannFrank KirchhoffChristine Goffinet Source Type: research

ESCRT requirements for EIAV budding
Conclusions: We conclude that EIAV budding requires an ESCRT protein network that comprises EIAV Gag-ALIX-CHMP4B-CHMP2A-VPS4 interactions. Our experiments also suggest that CHMP4B recruitment/polymerization helps control Gag polymerization and/or processing to ensure that ESCRT factor assembly and membrane fission occur at the proper stage of virion assembly. These studies help establish EIAV as a streamlined model system for dissecting the stepwise processes of lentivirus assembly and ESCRT-mediated budding.
Source: Retrovirology - October 9, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Virginie SandrinWesley Sundquist Source Type: research

Immune adaptor ADAP in T cells regulates HIV-1 transcription and cell-cell viral spread via different co-receptors
Conclusions: These findings indicate that ADAP regulates two steps of HIV-1 infection cooperatively with two distinct receptors, and as such, serves as a new potential target in the blockade of HIV-1 infection.
Source: Retrovirology - September 18, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Bin WeiLei HanTruus AbbinkElisabetta GroppelliDaina LimYoug ThakerWei GaoRongrong ZhaiJianhua WangAndrew LeverClare JollyHongyan WangChristopher Rudd Source Type: research