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FKN Facilitates HK-2 Cell EMT and Tubulointerstitial Lesions via the Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathway in a Murine Model of Lupus Nephritis
In this study, we therefore examined whether FKN could stimulate the process of EMT, NF-kB, TGFβ, CCL22, F4/80, inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a murine model of LN. We also determined whether FKN was involved in the EMT process of Wnt/β-catenin-expressing HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, we ascertained, for the first time, whether FKN up-regulated EMT-related gene signatures (e.g., vimentin, α-SMA), and hence, renal tubulointerstitial fibrogenesis, and the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in this process. Materials and Methods Cell Culture, Stable Infection, and Gr...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Expression of GRIM-19 in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and possible pathogenesis
AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONIs aberrant expression of gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) associated with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA)?SUMMARY ANSWERGRIM-19 deficiency may regulate regulatory T cell/T helper 17 cell (Treg/Th17) balance partly through reactive oxygen species (ROS) –mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis in URSA.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYImmunological disorders may cause impaired maternal immune tolerance to the fetus and result in fetal rejection. The differentiation of Treg and Th17 cells is controlled by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR...
Source: Molecular Human Reproduction - May 11, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

hCG activates Epac-Erk1/2 signaling regulating Progesterone Receptor expression and function in human endometrial stromal cells
AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONHow does hCG signal in human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and what is its role in regulating ESC function?SUMMARY ANSWERhCG signaling in ESCs activates the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) pathway through exchange protein activated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) (Epac) and transiently increases progesterone receptor (PR) transcript and protein expression and its transcriptional function.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYhCG is one of the earliest embryo-derived secreted signals in the endometrium, which abundantly expresses LH/hCG receptors. hCG signals through cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) ...
Source: Molecular Human Reproduction - March 28, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research