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Source: Inflammation

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Total 78 results found since Jan 2013.

Caveolin-1 Promotes the Imbalance of Th17/Treg in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
We examined the expressions of plasma Cav-1 and circulating Th17, Treg cells, and the related cytokines in patients with COPD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses showed a significant reduction of plasma Cav-1 levels in patients with stable COPD (SCOPD) and acutely exacerbated COPD (AECOPD) compared to smokers without COPD. This loss was associated with an increase in frequency of Treg and decreased in frequency of Th17 cells. To further identify the role of Cav-1, we studied the effects of Cav-1 overexpression or downregulation on frequencies of Treg and Th17 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM...
Source: Inflammation - September 8, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

PGRN Suppresses Inflammation and Promotes Autophagy in Keratinocytes Through the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that has a major impact on patients ’ quality of life. Progranulin (PGRN) is highly expressed in skin diseases and plays an important role in inflammation response and autophagy. However, the function of PGRN in the immune system and autophagy in psoriasis has not been clearly identified and elaborated on. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of PGRN on the inflammatory and autophagy process underlying inflammation in HaCaT cells. We showed that PGRN was markedly highly expressed in psoriasis lesions and inflammatory HaCaT cells. Specif...
Source: Inflammation - July 21, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

PGRN Suppresses Inflammation and Promotes Autophagy in Keratinocytes Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that has a major impact on patients’ quality of life. Progranulin (PGRN) is highly expressed in skin diseases and plays an important role in inflammation response and autophagy. However, the function of PGRN in the immune system and autophagy in psoriasis has not been clearly identified and elaborated on. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of PGRN on the inflammatory and autophagy process underlying inflammation in HaCaT cells. We showed that PGRN was markedly highly expressed in psoriasis lesions and inflammatory HaCaT cells...
Source: Inflammation - July 20, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Nanoparticle-Delivered IRF5 siRNA Facilitates M1 to M2 Transition, Reduces Demyelination and Neurofilament Loss, and Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice
ABSTRACT Macrophage activation and persistent inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI), and different phenotypes of macrophages play diverse roles in the pathological process of SCI. After SCI, there is an acute phase of alternatively activated (M2) macrophage infiltration, followed by a long-lasting phase of classically activated (M1) macrophage accumulation in the wound. The long-lasting predominance of M1 macrophages may derail healing and compromise organ functions. Based on the previous findings that the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) up-regulates gen...
Source: Inflammation - July 18, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Enhanced p62 Is Responsible for Mitochondrial Pathway-Dependent Apoptosis and Interleukin-1β Production at the Early Phase by Monosodium Urate Crystals in Murine Macrophage
Abstract The aim of this study was to clarify the role of p62-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis in the initiation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation in macrophages. The induction of mitochondrial apoptosis in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages by MSU crystals was measured using western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, or PARP1, and by flow cytometric analysis. Immunoprecipitation and western blotting was applied to detect ubiquitination of p62, TRAF6, and caspase-9. Mitochondrial apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell ...
Source: Inflammation - June 6, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Inhibition of SOCs Attenuates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Rats and PMVECs Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide
Abstract Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical complication of the severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), characterized by increased pulmonary permeability with high mortality. Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) injury and apoptosis play a key role in ALI. Previous studies indicated that store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) could regulate a variety of cellular processes. The present study was to investigate the effects of SOCE inhibition on ALI induced by SAP in Sprague-Dawley rats, and PMVECs injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rat model of SAP-associated ALI were established by the retrograde in...
Source: Inflammation - March 29, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Induction of the Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Gene in Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Interferon and Identification of its Novel Functional Polymorphism
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms and roles of MMP-13 secretion in human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and functional polymorphisms of the MMP13 gene. Polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and interferon β (IFN-β) stimulated the secretion of MMP-13 from SAECs by more than several hundred-fold. Stimulation of the secretion by poly(I:C) was abolished by SB304680 (p38 inhibitor), LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor I, RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) inhibitor, and Bay 11-7082 (NF-κB inhibitor), while stimulation by IFN-β was inhibited by all except Bay 11-7082. These data...
Source: Inflammation - December 4, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

NLRC5 Mediates IL-6 and IL-1β Secretion in LX-2 Cells and Modulated by the NF-κB/Smad3 Pathway
In this study, we explore the role of NLRC5 in cytokine secretion and the role of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced NLRC5 expression in LX-2 cells. We demonstrated that overexpression of NLRC5 results in an upregulation of IL-6 and IL-1β secretion. On the other hand, knockdown of NLRC5 by transfecting siRNA decreased IL-6 and IL-1β secretion in LX-2 cells. Meanwhile, the results showed that pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (a specific inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway) inhibited NLRC5 expression and NLRC5 silencing could increase the expression lev...
Source: Inflammation - September 5, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Wnt1 Participates in Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Through Upregulating Scavenger Receptor A and NF-kB
Abstract The study investigated the role of wnt1 in the inflammatory response initiated by lipolysaccharide (LPS), and analyzed the association between wnt1, NF-KB, and inflammatory factors. THP-1 cells were activated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and treated with LPS to induce inflammation. THP-1 cells were transfected with wnt1siRNA and overexpression plasmid to explore the relationship among wnt1, SRA, and NF-KB. Inhibitor of β-catenin and siRNA of FZD1were used to investigate the signaling events involved in SRA activation induced by wnt1. Levels of NF-kB protein and inflammatory cytokines were ...
Source: Inflammation - July 8, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

KPNA2 Contributes to the Inflammatory Processes in Synovial Tissue of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and SW982 Cells
Abstract Karyopherin-α2 (KPNA2) functions as an adaptor that transports several proteins to the nucleus. We investigated the function and possible mechanisms of KPNA2 involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed the protein expression of KPNA2 increased in synovial tissue of RA patients compared with the healthy controls. Double immunofluorescent staining indicated that KPNA2 co-localized with T cells, macrophage-like synoviocytes, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and neutrophils in synovial tissue of RA patients. Moreover, the expression of KPNA2 in SW982 cells was increas...
Source: Inflammation - July 2, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Ox-LDL Upregulates IL-6 Expression by Enhancing NF-κB in an IGF2-Dependent Manner in THP-1 Macrophages
Abstract Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is well established as a vital factor in determining the risk of coronary heart disease and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Moreover, accumulating evidences have shown that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can promote IL-6 expression in macrophages. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of how ox-LDL upregulates IL-6 expression remains largely unexplained. We found that the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and IL-6 was upregulated at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in a d...
Source: Inflammation - June 12, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies Induce Macrophage Subset Disequilibrium in RA Patients
Abstract We used samples from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to examine whether Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) alter macrophage subset distribution and promote RA development. Macrophage subset distributions and interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and IRF5 expressions were analyzed. ACPAs were purified by affinity column. After RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients’ macrophages were cocultured with ACPAs, macrophage subsets and IRF4 and IRF5 expressions were measured. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were transfected into ACPA-activated cells to suppress IRF4 or IRF5. Fluorescence-activated cel...
Source: Inflammation - June 11, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

CCR5 Blockade Suppresses Melanoma Development Through Inhibition of IL-6-Stat3 Pathway via Upregulation of SOCS3
Abstract In order to understand how tumor cells can escape immune surveillance mechanisms and thus develop antitumor therapies, it is critically important to investigate the mechanisms by which the immune system interacts with the tumor microenvironment. In our current study, we found that chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) neutralization resulted in reduced melanoma tumor size, decreased percentage of CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and increased proportion of cluster of differentiation (CD)3+ T cells in tumor tissues. Suppressive activity of MDSCs on CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cell proliferation is s...
Source: Inflammation - June 5, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Overexpression and Potential Regulatory Role of IL-17F in Pathogenesis of Chronic Periodontitis
This study indicates that IL-17F may be involved in pathogenesis of periodontitis like IL-17A. The role of IL-17F in disease pathogenesis needs to be further investigated.
Source: Inflammation - May 8, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Aurora Kinase A Regulates M1 Macrophage Polarization and Plays a Role in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Abstract Macrophage polarization is a dynamic and integral process of tissue inflammation and remodeling. Here we demonstrate an important role of Aurora kinase A in the regulation of inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization. We found that there was an elevated expression of Aurora-A in M1 macrophages and inhibition of Aurora-A by small molecules or specific siRNA selectively led to the suppression of M1 polarization, sparing over the M2 macrophage differentiation. At the molecular level, we found that the effects of Aurora-A in M1 macrophages were mediated through the down-regulation of NF-κB pathway and subsequ...
Source: Inflammation - March 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research