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Interferon-β counter-regulates its own pro-apoptotic action by activating p38 MAPK signalling in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
Abstract Type I interferons (IFNs) induce apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells, but the molecular mechanisms regulating this event have not been completely elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, a key regulator of apoptosis and a known modulator of IFN-induced responses in non-neuronal cells. We show that in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells IFN-β induced a delayed and sustained increase of p38 MAPK activity through a novel mechanism involving the sequential activation of Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 signalling, enhanced ...
Source: Apoptosis - September 25, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

ClC-3 deficiency protects preadipocytes against apoptosis induced by palmitate in vitro and in type 2 diabetes mice
Abstract Palmitate, a common saturated free fatty acid (FFA), has been demonstrated to induce preadipocyte apoptosis in the absence of adipogenic stimuli, suggesting that preadipocytes may be prone to apoptosis under adipogenic insufficient conditions, like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ClC-3, encoding Cl− channel or Cl−/H+ antiporter, is critical for cell fate choices of proliferation versus apoptosis under diseased conditions. However, it is unknown whether ClC-3 is related with preadipocyte apoptosis induced by palmitate or T2DM. Palmitate, but not oleate, induced apoptosis and increase in ClC-3 protein ...
Source: Apoptosis - September 14, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling by synthetic bichalcone analog TSWU-CD4 induces ER stress- and Bax/Bak-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells
Abstract Suppression of the activity of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-family proteins frequently confers chemoresistance to many human cancer cells. Using subcellular fractionation, the ER calcium (Ca++) channel inhibitor dantrolene and small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Bax or Bak, we show that the new synthetic bichalcone analog TSWU-CD4 induces apoptosis in human cancer cells by releasing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stored Ca++ through ER/mitochondrial oligomerization of Bax/Bak. Blockade of the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase or the unfolded protein response regulator glucose-regulated protein 78 expression by siRNA...
Source: Apoptosis - September 3, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

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