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Total 151 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract A47: IL-4 receptor-targeted delivery of liposomal doxorubicin and siRNA to tumor
Targeted delivery of imaging agents and therapeutics to tumors would provide early detection and increased therapeutic efficacy against cancer. Using phage displayed-random peptide libraries, we have identified IL4RPep-1 (IL-4 receptor-binding peptide-1), CRKRLDRNC, that binds to IL-4 receptor (IL4R). IL4R is over-expressed on many types of cancer cells including lung cancer and breast cancer. Peptides have smaller size and in turn may exert better tissue penetration than bulky antibodies. IL4RPep-1 bound to H226 lung tumor cells that over-express IL4R, while little binding was observed in H460 lung tumor cells that expres...
Source: Cancer Research - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Padmanaban, G., Vadevoo, S. M. P., Chi, L., Lee, B.-H. Tags: Translational and Therapeutic Potential of the Tumor Microenvironment Source Type: research
Abstract B56: Transfer of senescent signals in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment: A mechanism of tumor cell survival mediated by exosomes
The objective of this study was to establish if exosomes released from the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 (MSL) grown in a hypoxic environment, can mediate the transfer of viable cellular fate signatures (senescent and autophagic) to non-hypoxic cells rendering them non-apoptotic and chemoresistant.
Experimentally, MDA-MB-231 (MSL) TNBC cells were cultured in hypoxia (1%) for 0-96 hours. Senescent, autophagic and cell cycle markers (LC3, p21, HDAC6, TSG101 and MAD2) were analysed by Western Blot. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), performed on the Nanosight LM10 microscope, allowed the enumeration and characterisation of har...
Source: Cancer Research - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gubbins, L., Weiner-Gorzel, K., Sharma, S., Cooke, L., Salvati, A., Simpson, J., Dawson, K., Kell, M., McCann, A. Tags: Cell Interactions in the Tumor Microenvironment Source Type: research
Abstract A61: Targeting the c-Met signaling pathway by humanized anti-HGF antibody inhibits irinotecan resistance in colorectal cancer.
Conclusion: We identified HGF as an important determinant of irinotecan resistance and metastasis of CRC. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody treatment confirmed the importance of this growth factor for chemo-resistance in CRC. These results present new options toward the early diagnosis of chemoresistance and suggest novel combinations of chemotherapy and anti-HGF agents to prevent or significantly delay the onset of therapy resistance. These observations open new avenues toward the diagnosis of chemoresistant tumors and therapies targeting HGF overexpressing cancers.
Citation Format: Jong Kyu Woo, Yeong-Su Jang, Ju-Hee Kang, Hw...
Source: Cancer Research - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Woo, J. K., Jang, Y.-S., Kang, J.-H., Kim, H. M., Oh, S.-H. Tags: Translational and Therapeutic Potential of the Tumor Microenvironment Source Type: research
Abstract A62: TGF-{beta} regulates CXCL1 expression in mammary carcinoma associated fibroblasts through novel Smad2/3- and HGF/c-Met-dependent mechanisms.
CXCL1 is a chemokine secreted by macrophages, neutrophils, epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and plays a role in inflammation and wound healing. Enhanced expression of CXCL1 in tumor epithelium is associated with cell invasion, angiogenesis in melanoma, bladder, ovarian and breast cancer. However, little is known about CXCL1 expression in tumor stroma. Through analysis of gene expression data, our studies reveal that high RNA levels of CXCL1 in breast tumor stroma is associated with increased rate of recurrence and shorter relapse-free survival. We noticed decreased secretion levels of TGF-β and increased secretion of CXC...
Source: Cancer Research - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zou, A., Lambert, D., Yeh, H., Fang, W. B., Cheng, N. Tags: Translational and Therapeutic Potential of the Tumor Microenvironment Source Type: research
Abstract A23: ALK activity in macrophages drives metastasis in murine models of breast cancer
In this study, we illustrate that anti-VEGF therapy modulates PTN expression in multiple mouse models of breast cancer. Once expressed, PTN induces the expression of VEGFR2 on macrophages and promotes an anti-inflammatory, pro-metastatic macrophage phenotype. This phenomenon is dependent on ALK signaling, as inhibition with the small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib (Xalkori, Pfizer), which targets ALK, or ALK siRNA is sufficient to reverse PTN-induced VEGFR2 and anti-inflammatory macrophage marker expression. Importantly, phosphorylated ALK and VEGFR2 positive macrophages were detected in tumor but n...
Source: Cancer Research - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lynn, K. D., Brekken, R. A. Tags: Innate Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment Source Type: research
Abstract 21: Quantitative FRET technology for SUMOylation cascade and high-throughput screening assay for SUMOylation inhibitor in cancer drug discovery
The ubiquitin–proteasome system and ubiquitin-like protein pathways, such as SUMOylation, are critical in protein homeostasis and activities in vivo and are emerging as a new strategy to treat many acute and chronic human diseases, such as cancers. Although various kinase inhibitors have been developed as target-based therapy, solid tumors are still challenges in clinical therapy because various resistant are developed after kinase inhibitor treatments, and therapeutic agents with novel mechanisms are urgently needed. SUMO has been shown to modify various critical proteins, such as p53, MDM2, Estrogen receptor and androg...
Source: Cancer Research - December 12, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Liao, J., Wiryawan, H., Li, Y., Song, Y., Liu, Y., You, J., Jiang, L., Malik, H. K., Saavedra, A. N., Qu, S. Tags: Poster Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract 22: RECQ1 promotes the expression of genes significantly associated with cancer progression
RecQ helicases (represented by five homologs in humans: RECQ1, WRN, BLM, RECQ4, and RECQ5) are vital to maintain genomic stability under replication stress and germ line mutations in WRN, BLM and RECQ4 are associated with cancer predisposition syndromes. Expression of RECQ1 has been associated with the process of cellular transformation and over-expression of RECQ1 has been reported in a variety of human cancers. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of RECQ1 has a cancer cell specific effect in cell culture models and also suppresses tumor growth in mouse xenografts including lung, liver, pancreatic and colorectal cancer....
Source: Cancer Research - December 12, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lu, X., Li, X. L., Parvathaneni, S., Lal, A., Sharma, S. Tags: Poster Presentations Source Type: research
Abstract C64: Iroquois homeobox gene 3 is temporally regulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor and modulates endothelial cell migration
Conclusion: Our results provide compelling evidence that the homeobox gene irx3 regulates EC migration, and is directly regulated by TFs known to govern transcriptional signaling during angiogenesis.Citation Format: Kisha Scarlett, Pattabiraman Vaishnavi, Leonard Anderson. Iroquois homeobox gene 3 is temporally regulated in response to vascular endothelial growth factor and modulates endothelial cell migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstr...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - November 13, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Scarlett, K., Vaishnavi, P., Anderson, L. Tags: Angiogenesis and Invasion: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research
Abstract C20: Comparative proteomics analysis of ethnically stratified prostate cancer cells reveal potential markers of disparities
Conclusions: We demonstrate the differential expression of specific classes of proteins in prostate cancer cell lines with different ethnic and tumorigenic phenotypes. Some of these proteins may play a role in the progression, aggression and metastasis of PCa. These findings are currently being validated using disease stratified tissue microarrays to determine the expression patterns of these proteins in PCa patients. We are currently focusing on uncovering the potential mechanisms responsible for progression and aggression of PCa that are modulated by these proteins. These studies may provide novel avenues for the develop...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - November 13, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Burch, T. C., Nyalwidhe, J. O. Tags: Other Topics in Biomarkers: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research
Abstract A36: Knockdown of integrin-linked kinase reduces invasive and metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma
Conclusions: ILK is highly expressed in advanced RCC and its high expression is related to EMT-related protein in RCC. Knockdown of ILK inhibited molecular EMT markers and suppressed cell migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in orthotopic tumor model. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of ILK inhibition on invasion and metastasis in advanced RCC.Citation Format: Han Kyung Seok, Raven Peter, Awrey Shannon, Li Estelle, Fazli Ladan, Gleave Martin, So Alan. Knockdown of integrin-linked kinase reduces invasive and metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Specia...
Source: Molecular Cancer Research - November 13, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Seok, H. K., Peter, R., Shannon, A., Estelle, L., Ladan, F., Martin, G., Alan, S. Tags: Target Discovery and Validation: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research
Abstract C42: Quantitative high-throughput efficacy profiling of hedgehog/GLI pathway antagonists in inflammatory breast cancer
Conclusion: Several agents showed efficacy in in vitro IBC cancer models demonstrating that GLI inhibitors may be a valid therapeutic approach for targeting GLI-dependent IBC cancers.Funded in part by DOD/CDMRP IDEA W81XWH-13-1-0141(BC121850) (KP Williams)[1] W.F. Anderson, C. Schairer, B.E. Chen, K.W. Hance, P.H. Levine, Epidemiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). Breast disease 22 (2006) 9-23.[2] W.A. Woodward, M. Cristofanilli, Inflammatory breast cancer. Seminars in Radiation Oncology 19 (2009) 256-265.[3] K.A. Hirko, A.S. Soliman, M. Banerjee, J. Ruterbusch, J.B. Harford, R.M. Chamberlain, J.J. Graff, S.D. Meraj...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - November 13, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Oladapo, H., Ingram, S., Stefanowicz, A., Devi, G., Williams, K. Tags: Proteomics, Chemogenomics, and Chemoinformatics: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research
Abstract C56: The role of BetaB2-crystallin in progression of colorectal and breast cancers in African Americans
Conclusions: Our data suggest that CRYBB2 inhibits apoptosis, activates EMT process and AKT phosphorylation by which it contributes the aggressiveness of CRC and BC. It may serve as a promising biomarker for identifying CRC and BC patients at high risk for metastases. It may also be useful as a therapeutic target to inhibit the growth and metastasis of CRC and BC. These studies are supported by NIH/NCI funds (R21-CA171251 and U54- CA 118948).Citation Format: Harvey L. Bumpers, Venkat Katkoori, Dongquan Chen, Upender Manne. The role of BetaB2-crystallin in progression of colorectal and breast cancers in African Americans. [...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - November 13, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bumpers, H. L., Katkoori, V., Chen, D., Manne, U. Tags: Tumor Promotion and Progression: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research
Abstract A63: YB-1 is critical for stress granule assembly and protects cells from oxidative stress
Stress granules (SGs) are highly conserved cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes that modulate gene expression and cellular homeostasis under prototypical stress forms. SG formation protects cells under stress conditions by protecting untranslated mRNAs until stress relief, and cells that are incapable of forming SGs are more vulnerable to diverse stressors compared to cells that are proficient at SG formation. The transcription and translation regulation factor Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is recruited to SG, but its exact contribution to formation of these structures is not clear. Using several stress inducing agents...
Source: Cancer Research - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Somasekharan, S. P., Leprivier, G., Evdokimova, V., EI-Naggar, A., Hajee, S., Gleave, M., Sorensen, P. H. Tags: Sarcomas (Bone and Soft Tissue) Source Type: research
Abstract PR02: Negative regulation of myogenesis by Mtor: A pathway toward differentiation therapy in rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, is composed of skeletal myoblast-like cells that have lost the capacity to terminally differentiate. This suggests that RMS cells may contain a factor that blocks normal muscle differentiation. Because cell cycle arrest is coupled to muscle differentiation, identifying putative negative regulators of differentiation could lead to novel therapeutic approaches aimed at fostering terminal differentiation. To gain insight into the events that normally trigger the initial phase of muscle differentiation, we carried out a high content cell-based screen usin...
Source: Cancer Research - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wilson, R. A., Liu, J., Xu, L., Zheng, Y., Skapek, S. X. Tags: Developmental Biology of Pediatric Malignancies Source Type: research
Abstract A10: Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci
Conclusions: In synopsis, our data indicate that the previously identified ES susceptibility regions and candidate genes may play a prominent role in ES pathobiology.
Citation Format: Thomas Grunewald, Marie-Ming Aynaud, Franck Tirode, Eleni Tomazou, Didier Surdez, Thomas Rio Frio, Virginie Bernard, Virginie Raynal, Carlo Lucchesi, Gaelle Pierron, Pascale Gilardi-Hebenstreit, Patrick Charnay, Heinrich Kovar, Olivier Delattre. Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improve...
Source: Cancer Research - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grunewald, T., Aynaud, M.-M., Tirode, F., Tomazou, E., Surdez, D., Frio, T. R., Bernard, V., Raynal, V., Lucchesi, C., Pierron, G., Gilardi-Hebenstreit, P., Charnay, P., Kovar, H., Delattre, O. Tags: Genetic Predisposition to Pediatric Cancers Source Type: research
