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The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of resveratrol: Involvement of phosphodiesterase-4D inhibition.
Abstract Resveratrol is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol found in red wine, which has numerous pharmacological properties including anti-stress and antidepressant-like abilities. However, whether the antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of resveratrol are related to the inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) and its subtypes remains unknown. The same holds true for the subsequent cAMP-dependent pathway. The first set of studies investigated whether resveratrol exhibited neuroprotective effects against corticosterone-induced cell lesion as well as its underlying mechanism. We found that 100 μM cortico...
Source: Neuropharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhu X, Li W, Li Y, Xu W, Yuan Y, Zheng V, Zhang HT, O'Donnell JM, Xu Y, Yin X Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 2 reverses gp91phox oxidase-mediated depression- and anxiety-like behavior.
Abstract Phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2) plays an important role in treatment of stress-related depression through regulation of antioxidant defense and neuroprotective mechanisms. However, the causal relationship between PDE2 and the prevalence of depression and anxiety upon exposure to oxidative stress has not been investigated. The present study examined whether the effects of PDE2 inhibition on oxidative stress were directly involved in reduced ROS by regulating NADPH subunits gp91phox oxidase. The results suggested that the PDE2 inhibitor Bay 60-7550 reversed oxidative stress-induced behavioral signature, i.e. dep...
Source: Neuropharmacology - September 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Huang X, Xiaokaiti Y, Yang J, Pan J, Li Z, Luria V, Li Y, Song G, Zhu X, Zhang HT, O'Donnell JM, Xu Y Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Phoenixin: uncovering its receptor, signaling and functions.
Abstract Phoenixin (PNX) is a newly discovered peptide that has been linked to reproductive function, both in the hypothalamus and pituitary. This review will focus on the most recent discoveries related to this novel neuropeptide. Initially, it was found that PNX increased gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release from pituitary cells. Importantly, knockdown of PNX in female rats extended the estrous cycle by 2.3 days. Using novel hypothalamic cell lines, we found that PNX has a stimulatory role on kisspeptin (Kiss) and GnRH gene expression and secretion. The PNX receptor w...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - April 19, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: McIlwraith EK, Belsham DD Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Antidepressants activate the lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA1 to induce insulin-like growth factor-I receptor transactivation, stimulation of ERK1/2 signaling and cell proliferation in CHO-K1 fibroblasts.
Abstract Different lines of evidence indicate that the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor LPA1 is involved in neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and anxiety-related behaviour, but little is known on whether this receptor can be targeted by neuropsychopharmacological agents. The present study investigated the effects of different antidepressants on LPA1 signaling. We found that in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 fibroblasts expressing endogenous LPA1 tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants and fluoxetine induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) and CREB. This response was a...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - April 15, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Olianas MC, Dedoni S, Onali P Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research