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What Causes Irritability?
Discussion Child abuse or non-accidental trauma is a clinical diagnosis. It is the constellation of history, physical examination, radiographic evaluation, laboratory testing and investigation that determines if child abuse has occurred. Irritability caused by fractures or other trauma can be a presenting symptom of abuse. Fractures can be a presentation but they are also common problems not associated with abuse. Femoral shaft fractures are estimated to account for only 1.6% of all fractures in children, therefore they are potentially more suspicious for child abuse. A review of femur fractures can be found here. A review...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - October 18, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15 – year retrospective study
ConclusionsDespite the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines, the incidence of acute mastoiditis in our population has not been reduced during the last years. We have to face all the reasons why this condition is still relevant, such as antibiotic resistance, new pathogens involved and a possible role played by the implementations of therapeutic acute otitis media guidelines restricting the use of antibiotics in this disease. A particular attention should be given to younger children where signs and symptoms may be less pronounced, therefore acute otitis media or mastoiditis may be misunderstood and appropriate treatment delayed.
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - June 18, 2018 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

The Good Thing About the Disney Measles Outbreak
Cases of measles linked to an exposure at Disneyland continue to spread, not just in California, but in several other states and in Mexico. The numbers of cases are climbing — and so are the number of exposed people who might get sick — and expose more people before they realize they are sick. Measles is extremely contagious; if someone has it, they will infect 90 percent of the people around them who aren’t immunized. It’s scary, because measles can be dangerous. 1 in 20 people who get it will get pneumonia. 1 in 1,000 will get encephalitis, a brain inflammation that can lead to seizures and brain ...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - February 10, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Claire McCarthy Tags: Claire McCarthy, MD Vaccines Source Type: news

Improving the care of children and young people in the UK: 20 years on
Introduction In 2000, practitioners in child health asked a simple question—who speaks for children and their health at the policy level?1 It documented the invisibility of children in the National Health Service (NHS) and made recommendations for the future. As we experience unprecedented political turbulence, austerity, increasing poverty and ideological reforms of health and education, is all well in the UK for children, childhood and child health now? The context Children are our nation's most precious resource because of the change in the old age dependency ratio—the number of active working age adults per...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - December 15, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Aynsley-Green, A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Meningitis, TB and other respiratory infections, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Vaccination / immunisation, Infection (neurology), Neuromuscular disease, Pain (neurology), Adolescent health, Child health, Pain (pa Source Type: research

What Causes Neck Stiffness?
Discussion The complaint of neck stiffness always makes the clinician a little concerned until he/she understands the whole history because of the potential diagnosis of meningitis/encephalitis. While this potential is always concerning, there are many other causes of neck stiffness or pain to consider that are much more common. Normal wear and tear, injury or overuse that occur in daily activities and work can cause neck stiffness or pain. Often, even in adults, the cause of the pain is not recognized. Good examples are the adolescent above, or an innocent stumble, particularly if carrying something that may cause a perso...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 30, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

A case of meningitis due to varicella zoster virus reactivation in an immunocompetent child
Conclusion: VZV reactivation can also lead to various neurological complications in immunocompetent children. Prompt therapy with acyclovir and the integrity of the immune system are important in conditioning outcome, but other currently unknown factors probably also play a role.
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - November 13, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Susanna EspositoSamantha BosisRaffaella PinzaniLaura MorlacchiLaura SenatoreNicola Principi Source Type: research