Entomology RSS Page 3

Filtered By:
Infectious Disease: West Nile Virus

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 3.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 44 results found since Jan 2013.

Temporal and Spatial Variability of Entomological Risk Indices for West Nile Virus Infection in Northern Colorado: 2006-2013
In this study, we present descriptive data from historical surveillance records spanning 2006–2013 to discern seasonal and yearly patterns of entomological risk for WNV infection. Also, we retrospectively test the hypothesis that entomological risk is correlated with human transmission risk and is heterogeneous within the City of Fort Collins. Four logistically relevant zones within the city were established and used to test this hypothesis. Zones in the eastern portion of the city consistently had significantly higher Culex abundance and VI compared with zones in the west, leading to higher entomological risk indica...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Fauver, J. R., Pecher, L., Schurich, J. A., Bolling, B. G., Calhoon, M., Grubaugh, N. D., Burkhalter, K. L., Eisen, L., Andre, B. G., Nasci, R. S., LeBailly, A., Ebel, G. D., Moore, C. G. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research

Culex pipiens and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) populations as vectors for lineage 1 and 2 West Nile virus in Europe
This study represents the first test of the vectorial competence of European Culex pipiens Linnaeus 1758 and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) (both: Diptera: Culicidae) populations for lineage 1 and 2 WNV isolated in Europe. Culex pipiens and S. albopicta populations were susceptible to WNV infection, had disseminated infection, and were capable of transmitting both WNV lineages. This is the first WNV competence assay to maintain mosquito specimens under environmental conditions mimicking the field (day/night) conditions associated with the period of maximum expected WNV activity. The importance of environmenta...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - February 18, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. BRUSTOLIN, S. TALAVERA, C. SANTAMARÍA, R. RIVAS, N. PUJOL, C. ARANDA, E. MARQUÈS, M. VALLE, M. VERDÚN, N. PAGÈS, N. BUSQUETS Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Culex pipiens and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) populations as vectors for lineage 1 and 2 West Nile virus in Europe
This study represents the first test of the vectorial competence of European Culex pipiens Linnaeus 1758 and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) (both: Diptera: Culicidae) populations for lineage 1 and 2 WNV isolated in Europe. Culex pipiens and S. albopicta populations were susceptible to WNV infection, had disseminated infection, and were capable of transmitting both WNV lineages. This is the first WNV competence assay to maintain mosquito specimens under environmental conditions mimicking the field (day/night) conditions associated with the period of maximum expected WNV activity. The importance of environmenta...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - February 17, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. BRUSTOLIN, S. TALAVERA, C. SANTAMAR ÍA, R. RIVAS, N. PUJOL, C. ARANDA, E. MARQUÈS, M. VALLE, M. VERDÚN, N. PAGÈS, N. BUSQUETS Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Host preferences in host‐seeking and blood‐fed mosquitoes in Switzerland
Abstract The avian zoonotic agent for West Nile virus (WNV) can cause neuroinvasive disease in horses and humans and is expanding its range in Europe. Analyses of the risk for transmission to these hosts in non‐endemic areas are necessary. Host preferences of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), the main vectors of WNV, were determined in Switzerland using animal‐baited trap (horse, chickens) experiments at a natural and a periurban site. This was undertaken on four occasions during May–September 2014. In addition, the hosts of 505 blood‐fed mosquitoes collected in a zoo and in the field were determined. Mosquito data ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 21, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. C. SCHÖNENBERGER, S. WAGNER, H. C. TUTEN, F. SCHAFFNER, P. TORGERSON, S. FURRER, A. MATHIS, C. SILAGHI Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Evaluation of vector competence for West Nile virus in Italian Stegomyia albopicta (=Aedes albopictus) mosquitoes
Abstract West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic arboviral pathogen transmitted by mosquitoes in a cycle that involves wild birds as reservoir hosts. The virus is responsible for outbreaks of viral encephalitis in humans and horses. In Europe, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) is considered to be the main vector of WNV, but other species such as Stegomyia albopicta (=Aedes albopictus) (Diptera: Culicidae) may also act as competent vectors of this virus. Since 2008 human cases of WNV disease have been reported in northeast Italy. In 2011, new areas of southern Italy became involved and a first outbreak of WNV lineage 1 occurre...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - September 18, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. FORTUNA, M. E. REMOLI, F. SEVERINI, M. DI LUCA, L. TOMA, F. FOIS, P. BUCCI, D. BOCCOLINI, R. ROMI, M. G. CIUFOLINI Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Factors That Influence the Transmission of West Nile Virus in Florida
West Nile virus (WNV) was first detected in North America in New York City during the late summer of 1999 and was first detected in Florida in 2001. Although WNV has been responsible for widespread and extensive epidemics in human populations and epizootics in domestic animals and wildlife throughout North America, comparable epidemics have never materialized in Florida. Here, we review some of the reasons why WNV has yet to cause an extensive outbreak in Florida. The primary vector of mosquito-borne encephalitis virus in Florida is Culex nigripalpus Theobald. Rainfall, drought, and temperature are the primary factors that...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Day, J. F., Tabachnick, W. J., Smartt, C. T. Tags: Forum Source Type: research

Extrinsic Incubation Rate is Not Accelerated in Recent California Strains of West Nile Virus in Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae)
The efficiency of West Nile virus (WNV) transmission by competent mosquito vectors is driven by temperature and defined, in part, by the extrinsic incubation period, which is the time from a mosquito’s consumption of an infected bloodmeal until it becomes capable of transmitting the virus to the next vertebrate host. The extrinsic incubation period can be altered by a variety of factors involved in vector–pathogen interactions, and in North America, the WN02 strain of WNV emerged and displaced the founding NY99 strain reportedly because the duration of the extrinsic incubation period in Culex mosquitoes was sho...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Danforth, M. E., Reisen, W. K., Barker, C. M. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Rhipicephalus rossicus, a neglected tick at the margin of Europe: a review of its distribution, ecology and medical importance
Abstract. Rhipicephalus rossicus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) is a three‐host tick with a broad host spectrum that includes wild animals, pets, livestock and humans. Despite its local abundance in certain areas, most of the available information on R. rossicus was published decades ago, mainly by former soviet authors. Its distribution largely overlaps the Eurasian steppe. However, its range may be more extensive than is currently known because this species may have been misidentified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus, principally in areas where the latter species is present. Although R. rossicus has been occasionally reported to f...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - March 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. D. MIHALCA, Z. KALMÁR, M. O. DUMITRACHE Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Divergent host preferences of above‐ and below‐ground Culex pipiens mosquitoes and their hybrid offspring
Abstract Culex pipiens form pipiens and Cx. pipiens form molestus (Diptera: Culicidae) belong to a cosmopolitan taxonomic group known as the Pipiens Assemblage. Hybridization between these forms is thought to contribute to human transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America. Complementary choice and no‐choice landing assays were developed to examine host acceptance by North American Cx. pipiens in the laboratory. Populations collected from above‐ and below‐ground sites in suburban Chicago were identified as forms pipiens and molestus using a polymerase chain reaction‐based assay. Avian and human host a...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 1, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. L. FRITZ, E. D. WALKER, J. R. MILLER, D. W. SEVERSON, I. DWORKIN Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

New evidence for the potential role of Culex pipiens mosquitoes in the transmission cycle of West Nile virus in Tunisia
Abstract Physiological and molecular characteristics of natural populations of Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera: Culicidae) were investigated to elucidate how this species is potentially involved in the transmission of West Nile virus in Tunisia. A total of 215 Cx. pipiens females from 11 breeding habitats were analysed in the laboratory to estimate autogeny and stenogamy rates. They were tested individually for the locus CQ11 to distinguish between the two Cx. pipiens forms, pipiens and molestus. All tested Cx. pipiens populations were stenogamous. Females from underground breeding sites were all autogeneous, w...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 1, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G. KRIDA, A. RHIM, J. DAABOUB, A.‐B. FAILLOUX, A. BOUATTOUR Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mosquito survey during West Nile virus outbreak 2012 in northeast Croatia.
Abstract During the August and September 2012, seven human cases of the West Nile neuro-invasive disease were reported in Croatia. Medical entomology research on a potential vectors during the outbreak was supported by the Ministry of Health. A mosquito survey has been done in 64 sites in three eastern Croatian counties (Osijek-Baranja County, Vukovar-Srijem county and in Brod-Posavina county). Dry ice baited CDC traps were used for mosquito sampling in a period from the 10th to 25th September 2012. A total of 1785 mosquitoes were collected and 5 species were determined. The most numerous species were Aedes vexans...
Source: Collegium Antropologicum - June 1, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Merdić E, Vignjević G, Turić N, Bogojević MS, Milas J, Vrućina I, Zahirović Z Tags: Coll Antropol Source Type: research

Sympatric occurrence of Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae) biotypes pipiens, molestus and their hybrids in Portugal, Western Europe: feeding patterns and habitat determinants
Abstract Culex (Culex) pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) has two recognized biotypes, pipiens and molestus, which differ in physiology and behaviour; this difference may influence vectorial capacity for West Nile virus (WNV). Our goal was first to determine the presence of Cx. pipiens populations in 31 locations in Portugal and to subsequently analyse their host‐feeding preferences and habitat determinants. Molecular identification of Cx. pipiens forms and their hybrids was performed in 97 females; bloodmeal sources were identified in 59 engorged specimens. Overall, 61.9% of specimens were identified as Cx. pipiens f. p...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - June 1, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: H. C. Osório, L. Zé‐Zé, F. Amaro, A. Nunes, M. J. Alves Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mosquito and West Nile virus surveillance in northeast Montana, U.S.A., 2005 and 2006
Abstract Mosquito and West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance was conducted on a national wildlife refuge in northeast Montana in 2005 and 2006, during which outbreaks of WNV in a colony of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin) (Pelecaniformes: Pelecanidae) resulted in juvenile mortality rates of ∼ 31%. Both years, floodwater species Ochlerotatus dorsalis (Meigen) (Diptera: Culicidae), Aedes vexans (Meigen) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Ochlerotatus flavescens (Muller) (Diptera: Culicidae) comprised 78% of the total collection and heightened host‐seeking activity was observed from mid‐June to mid‐July....
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - May 6, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. M. FRIESEN, G. D. JOHNSON Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Pages: 1 2 3