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Infectious Disease: Dengue Fever

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Total 77 results found since Jan 2013.

Vector Surveillance for Dengue Virus Detection in the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil
This study aimed to monitor the DENV serotypes in mosquito samples collected in FN, where at least one resident was clinically diagnosed as dengue patient. Entomological surveillance was conducted in 2011 and 2012. Mosquitoes were sorted by sex and location and were stored in pools. DENV detection was performed using polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) and the Platelia Dengue NS1 Ag. RNA integrity was checked by RT-PCR using rpL8 primers, and the minimum infection rate (MIR) was calculated. In total, 339 pools were analyzed, and only one was positive (DENV-1) by Multiplex RT-PCR (MIR = 1.53). When...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Barbosa, P. P., Guedes, D. R. D., Melo-Santos, M. A. V., Cordeiro, M. T., Acioli, R. V., Batista, C. A. V., Goncalves, L. S. M., Souza, M. F. M., Araujo, Y. V., Magalhaes, F. J. R., Regis, L., Ayres, C. F. J. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research

Biological and Chemical Characterization of a New Larvicide Ovitrap Made of Plastic With Pyriproxyfen Incorporated for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Control
In this study, we performed a biological and chemical characterization of a new ovitrap prototype manufactured by injection molding of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with the larvicide pyriproxyfen. Our research shows that pyriproxyfen was immediately released from the LDPE into the water of the ovitrap and led to an emergence inhibition of 100% for over 30 weeks. In addition, ovitraps continued to show a high larvicidal activity after over 20 washes. Pyriproxyfen was detectable in the water after 20 s and reached a peak after 24 h. Our results show that this ovitrap can be an effective, inexpensive, and low-maintenance t...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Harburguer, L., Licastro, S., Masuh, H., Zerba, E. Tags: Vector Control, Pest Management, Resistance, Repellents Source Type: research

The Impact of Cycling Temperature on the Transmission of West Nile Virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is an important cause of disease in humans and animals. Risk of WNV infection varies seasonally, with the greatest risk during the warmest parts of the year due in part to the accelerated extrinsic incubation rate of the virus in mosquitoes. Rates of extrinsic incubation have been shown in constant-temperature studies to increase as an approximately linear function of temperature, but for other vector-borne pathogens, such as malaria or dengue virus, nonlinear relationships have been demonstrated under cycling temperatures near the thermal limits of pathogen replication. Using typical daily air temper...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Danforth, M. E., Reisen, W. K., Barker, C. M. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Dengue Virus-1 Infection Did Not Alter the Behavioral Response of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to DEET
No licensed vaccine or antiviral drug against dengue virus (DENV) is available; therefore, most of the effort to prevent this disease is focused on reducing vector–host interactions. One of the most widely accepted methods of blocking vector–human contact is to use insect repellents to interfere with mosquito host-seeking behavior. Some arboviruses can replicate in the nervous system of the vector, raising the concern that arboviral infection may alter the insect behavioral response toward chemical stimuli. Three different Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquito cohorts: DENV-1-injected, diluent-injected, and uninjected we...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Sugiharto, V. A., Murphy, J. R., Turell, M. J., Olsen, C. H., Stewart, V. A., Colacicco-Mayhugh, M. G., Grieco, J. P., Achee, N. L. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Determination of Insecticidal Effect (LC50 and LC90) of Organic Fatty Acids Mixture (C8910+Silicone) Against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Emerging and re-emerging vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue and associated Aedes vectors are expanding their historical ranges; thus, there is a need for the development of novel insecticides for use in vector control programs. The mosquito toxicity of a novel insecticide and repellent consisting of medium-chain carbon fatty acids (C8910) was examined. Determination of LC50 and LC90 was made against colony-reared Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) using probit analysis on mortality data generated by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention bottle bioassays. Six different concentrations of C...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Dunford, J. C., Falconer, A., Leite, L. N., Wirtz, R. A., Brogdon, W. G. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Comparative analysis of midgut bacterial communities in three aedine mosquito species from dengue ‐endemic and non‐endemic areas of Rajasthan, India
Abstract Dengue viruses are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female aedine mosquitoes. Differences in the composition and structure of bacterial communities in the midguts of mosquitoes may affect the vector's ability to transmit the disease. To investigate and analyse the role of midgut bacterial communities in viral transmission, midgut bacteria from three species, namely Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti), Fredwardsius vittatus (= Aedes vittatus) and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) (all: Diptera: Culicidae), from dengue‐endemic and non‐endemic areas of Rajasthan, India were compared. Con...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - April 19, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. S. CHARAN, K. D. PAWAR, S. D. GAVHALE, C. V. TIKHE, N. S. CHARAN, B. ANGEL, V. JOSHI, M. S. PATOLE, Y. S. SHOUCHE Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

A Native Wolbachia Endosymbiont Does Not Limit Dengue Virus Infection in the Mosquito Aedes notoscriptus (Diptera: Culicidae)
The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis infects many species of insects and has been transinfected into the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.), the primary vector of dengue virus (DENV). Recently, it has been shown that Wolbachia blocks the replication and transmission of RNA viruses, such as DENV, in a number of mosquito species including Ae. aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Skuse), which is naturally infected with Wolbachia and considered a secondary vector for DENV. The mosquito species Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse) is highly prevalent in Australia, including in areas where DENV outbreaks have been recorded. The mosquito has...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Skelton, E., Rances, E., Frentiu, F. D., Kusmintarsih, E. S., Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I., Caragata, E. P., Woolfit, M., ONeill, S. L. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Comparison of Mosquito Magnet and Biogents Sentinel Traps for Operational Surveillance of Container-Inhabiting Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) Species
Container-inhabiting Aedes are among the most medically important mosquito vectors of diseases. They also impact health and quality of life by their persistent and severe biting. Monitoring of container-inhabiting Aedes species is challenging due to the need for specialized traps and lures. Biogents Sentinel (BGS) trap has become a standard for Aedes albopictus (Skuse) surveillance; however, it has substantial problems with durability, quality of construction, and sample exposure to the elements. The goal of this study was to develop a methodology for collecting medically important container-inhabiting Aedes species in num...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Rochlin, I., Kawalkowski, M., Ninivaggi, D. V. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Trapping the Tiger: Efficacy of the Novel BG-Sentinel 2 With Several Attractants and Carbon Dioxide for Collecting Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Southern France
Targeted trapping of mosquito disease vectors plays an important role in the surveillance and control of mosquito-borne diseases. The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse), is an invasive species, which is spreading throughout the world, and is a potential vector of 24 arboviruses, particularly efficient in the transmission of chikungunya, dengue, and zika viruses. Using a 4 x 4 Latin square design, we assessed the efficacy of the new BG-Sentinel 2 mosquito trap using the attractants BG-lure and (R)-1-octen-3-ol cartridge, alone or in combination, and with and without carbon dioxide, for the field collection of Ae...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Roiz, D., Duperier, S., Roussel, M., Bousses, P., Fontenille, D., Simard, F., Paupy, C. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Differential protein expression in the midgut of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes induced by the insecticide temephos
Abstract Mosquitoes are vectors for pathogens of malaria, lymphatic filariasis, dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis. Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) is a known vector of lymphatic filariasis. Its control in Brazil has been managed using the organophosphate temephos. Studies examining the proteins of Cx. quinquefasciatus that are differentially expressed in response to temephos further understanding of the modes of action of the insecticide and may potentially identify resistance factors in the mosquito. In the present study, a comparative proteomic analysis, using 2‐dimension...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - February 29, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. D. GAMES, S. N. ALVES, B. B. KATZ, J. M. TOMICH, J. E. SERRÃO Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Comparative analysis of midgut bacterial communities in three aedine mosquito species from dengue‐endemic and non‐endemic areas of Rajasthan, India
Abstract Dengue viruses are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female aedine mosquitoes. Differences in the composition and structure of bacterial communities in the midguts of mosquitoes may affect the vector's ability to transmit the disease. To investigate and analyse the role of midgut bacterial communities in viral transmission, midgut bacteria from three species, namely Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti), Fredwardsius vittatus (= Aedes vittatus) and Stegomyia albopicta (= Aedes albopictus) (all: Diptera: Culicidae), from dengue‐endemic and non‐endemic areas of Rajasthan, India were compared. Con...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - February 29, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. S. CHARAN, K. D. PAWAR, S. D. GAVHALE, C. V. TIKHE, N. S. CHARAN, B. ANGEL, V. JOSHI, M. S. PATOLE, Y. S. SHOUCHE Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Clip-on Device Offers Protection Against Mosquitoes
Annapolis, MD: February 3, 2016 -- A product called the OFF! ® Clip-On™ repellent device could be an effective tool for preventing bites from the Aedes aegypti mosquito -- the primary vector of Zika, chikungunya, dengue, and yellow fever -- according to an article in the Journal of Medical Entomology. read more
Source: ESA News - February 3, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: rlevine Tags: Press Releases Source Type: research

Clip-on device offers protection against mosquitoes that transmit Zika
(Entomological Society of America) A product called the OFF!® Clip-On™ repellent device could be an effective tool for preventing bites from the Aedes aegypti mosquito -- the primary vector of Zika, chikungunya, dengue, and yellow fever -- according to an article in the Journal of Medical Entomology.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - February 2, 2016 Category: Biology Source Type: news

How Important is Vertical Transmission of Dengue Viruses by Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)?
Vertical transmission of dengue viruses by mosquitoes was discovered at the end of the late 1970s and has been suggested to be a means by which these viruses persist. However, it is unclear how widespread it is in nature, and its importance in the epidemiology of this disease is still debated. Here, we review the literature on vertical transmission and discuss its role in dengue’s epidemiology and control. We conclude that given the number of studies that failed to find evidence of vertical transmission, as well as mathematical models and its mechanistic basis, it is unlikely that vertical transmission is important f...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 12, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Grunnill, M., Boots, M. Tags: Forum Source Type: research

Effects of Blood Coagulate Removal Method on Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Life Table Characteristics and Vector Competence for Dengue Virus
Commercially available blood can be used as an alternative to live animals to maintain mosquito colonies and deliver infectious bloodmeals during research studies. We analyzed the extent to which two methods for blood coagulate removal (defibrination or addition of sodium citrate) affected life table characteristics (i.e., fecundity, fertility, hatch rate, and adult survival) and vector competence (infection, dissemination, and transmission) of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) for dengue virus (DENV). Two types of bovine blood were tested at two extrinsic incubation temperatures (27 or 30°C) for DENV-infected and uninfected mo...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 12, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: van Dodewaard, C. A. M., Richards, S. L., Harris, J. W. Tags: Development, Life History Source Type: research