The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):95-106. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66912.ABSTRACTThe lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). O...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Junko Itano Katsuyuki Kiura Yoshinobu Maeda Nobuaki Miyahara Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Intercepting Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
This study assessed the effects of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in pregnant women for mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. A total of 122 pregnant women at our hospital met the inclusion criteria for high HBV DNA viral loads. They were randomly divided into TDF-treatment (n=70) and placebo (n=52) groups. Maternal liver function and serum HBV DNA load were tested before and after treatment. Clinical and laboratory data of infants were assayed at delivery and 7-months post-partum visit and compared between the two groups. There was no difference in clinical characteristics of participants between the two groups. Ther...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Dongxiang Han Jianxiu Du Wei Wang Cui Wang Source Type: research
Impacts of Age and Gender on Brain Edema in a Mouse Water Intoxication Model
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):115-122. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66914.ABSTRACTBrain edema causes abnormal fluid retention and can be fatal in severe cases. Although it develops in various diseases, most treatments for brain edema are classical. We analyzed the impacts of age and gender on the characteristics of a water intoxication model that induces pure brain edema in mice and examined the model's usefulness for research regarding new treatments for brain edema. C57BL/6J mice received an intraperitoneal administration of 10% body weight distilled water, and we calculated the brain water content by measuring the brain-tissue ...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Emi Nakamura-Maruyama Keiichiro Irie Kazuhiko Narita Naoyuki Himi Osamu Miyamoto Takehiro Nakamura Source Type: research
Sigle Agent of Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide Without Calcineurin Inhibitor Controls Severity of Experimental Chronic GVHD
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):123-134. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66915.ABSTRACTChronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of late death and morbidity following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Recently, haplo-identical HCT with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (Haplo-HCT with PTCY) was found to achieve a low incidence rate of acute GVHD and chronic GVHD. However, while the pathogenesis of acute GVHD following Haplo-HCT with PTCY has been well investigated, that of chronic GVHD remains to be elucidated, especially in HLA-matched HCT with PTCY. Based on its ...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kyosuke Saeki Hideaki Fujiwara Keisuke Seike Taiga Kuroi Hisakazu Nishimori Takehiro Tanaka Ken-Ichi Matsuoka Nobuharu Fujii Yoshinobu Maeda Source Type: research
Photon-Counting Detector CT: Potential for 75% Reduction in Contrast Medium Amount: A Phantom Study
This study aimed to evaluate the potential reduction in contrast medium utilization using photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT). One PCD-CT scan (CT1) and three conventional (non-PCD-CT) CT scans (CT2-CT4) were performed using a multi-energy CT phantom that contained eight rods with different iodine concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/ml). The CT values of the seven groups (CT1 for 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV; and CT2-4) were measured. Noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed for the eight rods at various iodine concentrations. CT2 and CT1 (40 keV) respectively required 20 mg/ml and...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Fumiyo Higaki Yusuke Morimitsu Toshihiro Iguchi Hayato Saito Haruhiko Takaki Ayako Nakagoshi Maki Wada Mayu Uka Noriaki Akagi Toshiharu Mitsuhashi Yusuke Matsui Takao Hiraki Source Type: research
Impact of Travel Distance on Surgical Outcomes of Patients Surgically Treated for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Study in Ehime, Japan
We examined the impact of travel distance on the postoperative outcomes of patients with NSCLC in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The data of 1212 patients who underwent surgical resection for NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into quartiles based on the travel distance from their home to the hospital (≤ 13 km, 13-40 km, 40-57 km, and > 57 km) in Ehime Prefecture. We found no significant differences among the quartiles in baseline clinicopathological characteristics, including sex, smoking status, histology, surgical procedure, clinical stage, and pathological stage. Overall survival (OS) and relapse...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hisayuki Shigematsu Natsumi Yamashita Hiroshi Suehisa Tsuyoshi Ueno Tsuyoshi Ryuko Takahito Sugihara Shohei Nakashima Yoshifumi Sano Motohiro Yamashita Source Type: research
p53-Armed Oncolytic Virotherapy Improves Radiosensitivity in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma by Suppressing BCL-xL Expression
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):151-161. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66924.ABSTRACTSoft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is a heterogeneous group of rare tumors originating predominantly from the embryonic mesoderm. Despite the development of combined modalities including radiotherapy, STSs are often refractory to antitumor modalities, and novel strategies that improve the prognosis of STS patients are needed. We previously demonstrated the therapeutic potential of two telomerase-specific replication-competent oncolytic adenoviruses, OBP-301 and tumor suppressor p53-armed OBP-702, in human STS cells. Here, we demonstrate in vitro and in vivo a...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Tadashi Komatsubara Hiroshi Tazawa Joe Hasei Toshinori Omori Kazuhisa Sugiu Yusuke Mochizuki Koji Demiya Aki Yoshida Tomohiro Fujiwara Toshiyuki Kunisada Yasuo Urata Shunsuke Kagawa Toshifumi Ozaki Toshiyoshi Fujiwara Source Type: research
The Impact of Light Touch and Pin Prick on Functional Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
We examined patients' responses to a light touch (LT) and pin prick (PP) at admission and the response data's usefulness as predictors of functional outcomes (i.e., ability to perform activities of daily living) at discharge. This exploratory observational study used data from the Japanese National Spinal Cord Injury Database (SCI-J). Data from 3,676 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted for an SCI between 1997 and 2020 were analyzed. The motor score of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) at discharge was used as an index of functional outcome. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the mFI...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Takayuki Deguchi Kanae Kanda Kazunari Furusawa None Nlandu Roger Ngatu Tomohiro Hirao Source Type: research
The Relationships among Internalized Stigma, Sense of Coherence, and Personal Recovery of Persons with Schizophrenia Living in the Community
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):171-184. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66926.ABSTRACTWe investigated (i) the relationships among internalized stigma (IS), sense of coherence (SOC), and the personal recovery (PR) of persons with schizophrenia living in the community, and (ii) how to improve the support for these individuals. A questionnaire survey on IS, SOC, and PR was sent by mail to 270 persons with schizophrenia living in the community who were using psychiatric daycare services, of whom 149 responded and 140 were included in the analysis. We established a hypothetical model in which IS influences PR, and SOC influences IS and PR,...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Aya Kuramoto Shinya Saito Kumi Watanabe Source Type: research
Reduced Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):185-191. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66927.ABSTRACTThe global pandemic of coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) was an unprecedented public health emergency. Several clinical studies reported that heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity are critical risk factors for increased severity of and hospitalization for COVID-19. This is largely because patients with these underlying medical conditions can show poor immune responses to the COVID-19 vaccinations. Diabetes is one of the underlying conditions most highly associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and is consid...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hiroko Takahashi Jun Eguchi Mayu Watanabe Masanori Nakayama Jun Wada Source Type: research
Laparoscopic Resection Combined with a Transsacral Approach for a Recurrent Tailgut Cyst with a Refractory Fistula
We describe a case in which the combination of laparoscopic and transsacral approaches was effective for resecting a recurrent refractory fistula after incomplete resection of a tail gut cyst.PMID:38688837 | DOI:10.18926/AMO/66928 (Source: Acta Medica Okayama)
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hajime Kashima Fuminori Teraishi Yuki Matsumi Hiroshi Shimamura Toshiyoshi Fujiwara Source Type: research
Perineal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in an Epidermal Cyst
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):197-200. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66930.ABSTRACTA 90-year-old Japanese woman who had been aware of a subcutaneous mass on the right perineal region for 5 years was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment because of the rapid growth of the mass and bleeding that began 3 months earlier. A biopsy of the mass revealed a diagnosis of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. On preoperative examination, the tumor was 90×40 mm in size and was suspected to have partially invaded the levator ani muscle and external sphincter. Since a preoperative cardiac evaluation indicated sev...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Fuminori Teraishi Yuki Matsumi Kota Tachibana Toshiyuki Watanabe Toshiyoshi Fujiwara Source Type: research
A Case of Gallbladder Cancer with Trousseau Syndrome Successfully Treated Using Radical Resection
We describe the first case of a successfully treated gallbladder adenocarcinoma accompanied by Trousseau syndrome. A 66-year-old woman presented with right hemiplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging identified multiple cerebral infarctions. Her serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and D-dimer levels were markedly elevated, and a gallbladder tumor was detected via abdominal computed tomography. Venous ultrasonography of the lower limbs revealed a deep venous thrombus in the right peroneal vein. These findings suggested that the brain infarctions were likely caused by Trousseau syndrome associated with her gallbladder cancer. Radical...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Akari Masunaga Motoyasu Tabuchi Shinya Sakamoto Rika Yoshimatsu Manabu Matsumoto Jun Iwata Takehiro Okabayashi Source Type: research
The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response
Acta Med Okayama. 2024 Apr;78(2):95-106. doi: 10.18926/AMO/66912.ABSTRACTThe lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). O...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Junko Itano Katsuyuki Kiura Yoshinobu Maeda Nobuaki Miyahara Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Intercepting Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
This study assessed the effects of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in pregnant women for mother-to-infant transmission of HBV. A total of 122 pregnant women at our hospital met the inclusion criteria for high HBV DNA viral loads. They were randomly divided into TDF-treatment (n=70) and placebo (n=52) groups. Maternal liver function and serum HBV DNA load were tested before and after treatment. Clinical and laboratory data of infants were assayed at delivery and 7-months post-partum visit and compared between the two groups. There was no difference in clinical characteristics of participants between the two groups. Ther...
Source: Acta Medica Okayama - April 30, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Dongxiang Han Jianxiu Du Wei Wang Cui Wang Source Type: research
