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Total 1631 results found since Jan 2013.

Categorising implementation determinants and strategies within the US HIV implementation literature: a systematic review protocol
Introduction Despite decreased rates of new infections, HIV/AIDS continues to impact certain US populations. In order to achieve the goals laid out in the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) in the US initiative, implementation science is needed to expand the sustained use of effective prevention and treatment interventions, particularly among priority populations at risk for and living with HIV/AIDS. Over 200 HIV-related implementation studies have been funded by the US National Institutes of Health. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the literature identifying implementation determinants (barriers and facilitators) and categ...
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Merle, J. L., Li, D., Keiser, B., Zamantakis, A., Queiroz, A., Gallo, C. G., Villamar, J. A., McKay, V., Zapata, J. P., Mustanski, B., Benbow, N., Smith, J. D. Tags: Open access HIV/AIDS Source Type: research

Effect of oral pre-emptive analgesia on pain management after total knee arthroplasty: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is currently regarded as an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis, relieving patients’ pain and significantly enhancing their quality of life and activity levels, allowing them to return to work and daily life after surgery. However, some TKA patients suffer from varying degrees of postoperative residual pain and opioid abuse, which negatively impacts their recovery and quality of life. It has been reported that preoperative treatment with multimodal analgesics improves postoperative pain and reduces opioid consumption. However, there is no conclusive evidence that pre...
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Xiong, F.-j., Zhao, W., Jia, S.-j., Huang, X.-r., Luo, X.-f., Pu, H.-j., Song, K., Li, Y.-m. Tags: Open access, Surgery Source Type: research

Emergency medical services and palliative care: a scoping review
Conclusion EMS have a role to play in out-of-hospital palliative care, however, many challenges must be overcome. EMS provider education, collaboration between EMS and palliative systems, creation of EMS palliative care guidelines/protocols, creation of specialised out-of-hospital palliative care teams and further research have been recommended as solutions. Future research should focus on the prioritisation, implementation and effectiveness of these solutions in various contexts.
Source: BMJ Open - March 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gage, C. H., Stander, C., Gwyther, L., Stassen, W. Tags: Open access, Palliative care Source Type: research

Neonatal outcomes and indirect consequences following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy: a systematic review
Conclusions There are limited data on neonatal morbidity and mortality following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly from low-income countries and following early pregnancy infections. Large, representative studies addressing these outcomes are needed to understand the consequences for babies born to women with SARS-CoV-2. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021249818.
Source: BMJ Open - March 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sturrock, S., Ali, S., Gale, C., Battersby, C., Le Doare, K. Tags: Open access, Paediatrics, COVID-19 Source Type: research

Mapping definitions, measures and methodologies of assessing police violence in the health literature: a scoping review protocol
Introduction Police violence is a growing public health issue in the USA. Emerging evidence suggests that negative police encounters are associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. There is a critical need to examine the relationship between police violence and health disparities. However, the lack of consensus on a conceptual and operational definition of police violence is a limitation in scientific investigations on police violence and its health impacts. Here, we present the protocol for a scoping review that maps definitions, measures and methodologies of assessing police violence in the health litera...
Source: BMJ Open - March 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Harris, L. K., Conklin, J. L., Woods-Giscombe, C. L., Cortes, Y. I. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Application of complexity theory in health and social care research: a scoping review
Conclusion The study of complex health and care systems necessitates methods of interpreting dynamic prcesses which requires qualitative and longitudinal studies with abductive reasoning. The authors provide guidance on conducting complexity-informed primary research that seeks to promote rigor and transparency in the area. Registration The scoping review protocol was registered at Open Science Framework, and the review protocol was published at BMJ Open (https://bit.ly/3Ex1Inu).
Source: BMJ Open - March 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Carroll, A., Collins, C., McKenzie, J., Stokes, D., Darley, A. Tags: Open access, Health services research Source Type: research

Engaging emergency medical services to improve postacute management of behavioural health emergency calls: a protocol of a scoping literature review
Introduction The public health crisis of escalating mental health, behavioural and substance-related emergencies has revealed the need to approach these complex events from a health perspective, rather than the traditional criminal justice standpoint. Despite law enforcement officers often being the first responders to emergency calls concerning self or bystander harm, they are not optimally equipped to manage these crises holistically or to connect affected individuals to necessary medical treatment and social support. Paramedics and other emergency medical services (EMS) providers are well positioned to deliver comprehen...
Source: BMJ Open - March 13, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ding, M. L., Gerberi, D. J., McCoy, R. G. Tags: Open access, Emergency medicine Source Type: research

Rapid methods for identifying barriers and solutions to improve access to community health services: a scoping review protocol
Objectives Low attendance rates for community health services reflect important barriers that prevent people from receiving the care they need. Services and health systems that seek to advance Universal Health Coverage need to understand and act on these factors. Formal qualitative research is the best way to elicit barriers and identify potential solutions, however traditional approaches take months to complete and can be very expensive. We aim to map the methods that have been used to rapidly elicit barriers to accessing community health services and identify potential solutions. Methods and analysis We will search MEDL...
Source: BMJ Open - March 10, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Allen, L. N., Azab, H., Jonga, R., Gordon, I., Karanja, S., Evans, J., Thaker, N., Ramke, J., Bastawrous, A. Tags: Open access, Global health Source Type: research

Neighbourhood environment as a risk factor for adverse health outcomes through association with the microbiome: protocol for a scoping review
The objective of this scoping review is to explore the current evidence on the relationships between microbiome and neighbourhood to explain microbiome-related health outcomes. Methods and analysis Arksey and O’Malley’s literature review framework will be employed throughout the process, as well as Page, et al’s 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis updated workflow to process search results. The literature search will be completed using PubMed/Medline (NLM), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science, Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), Scopus (Elsevier), medRxiv preprint serv...
Source: BMJ Open - March 10, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Farmer, N., Baginski, A., Alkhatib, J., Maki, K. A., Baumer, Y., Powell-Wiley, T. M., Wallen, G. R. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of patients with skin cancer: a systematic review protocol
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has changed aspects of patient care in the many scheduled medical activities, restricted access to healthcare facilities, and affected the diagnosis and organisation of patients with other health problems, specifically skin cancer. Skin cancer, the uninhibited progress of atypical skin cells, happens with unrepaired DNA genetic faults that lead them to multiply and create malignant tumours. Currently, dermatologists perform skin cancer diagnosis based on their specialised experience using the results of pathological tests from the skin biopsy. Sometimes, some specialists advise sonography...
Source: BMJ Open - March 10, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Mostafavi Zadeh, S. M., Rezaei, Y., Barahimi, A., Abbasi, E., Malekzadeh, R. Tags: Open access, Oncology Source Type: research

Codesign of a digital health tool for suicide prevention: protocol for a scoping review
This study aims to codesign a digital health tool for suicide prevention focusing on the enablers and barriers. The scoping review protocol is phase I within a three-phase study. The protocol will inform the second phase of the study which is the scoping review. The results of the review will inform a funding application to National Institute for Health and Care Research to codesign a digital health tool for suicide prevention (the third phase). The search strategy will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual for Scoping Reviews and incorporates the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me...
Source: BMJ Open - March 10, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Wepa, D., Neal, M., Abo-Gazala, W., Cusworth, S., Hargan, J., Mistry, M., Vaughan, J., Giles, S., Khan, M., Power, L., Expert by Experience Group, Wepa, Neale, Abo-Gazala, Cusworth, Hargan, Mistry, Vaughan, Giles, Khan, Power Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research

Preventive interventions for paternal perinatal depression: a scoping review protocol
The objective of this scoping review is to map the literature describing preventive interventions for paternal perinatal depression. Depression is a common mental disorder experienced by fathers as well as mothers around childbirth. Perinatal depression has negative consequences for men, and suicide is the most serious adverse effect. Impaired father–child relationships can also result from perinatal depression, negatively impacting child health and development. Considering its severe effects, early prevention of perinatal depression is important. However, little is known about preventive interventions for paternal p...
Source: BMJ Open - March 8, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Iwata, H., Mori, E., Maehara, K., Kimura, K., Toyama, F., Kakehashi, A., Seki, M., Abe, S., Kosaka, M. Tags: Open access, Nursing Source Type: research

Prevalence of spontaneous recanalisation of complete internal carotid occlusion: protocol for a systematic scoping review
Introduction Although previously thought to be a rare occurrence, spontaneous recanalisation is not uncommon, with a growing number of reports describing this phenomenon. However, the frequency, time course and mechanism of spontaneous recanalisation remain unknown. A better characterisation of these events is essential to ensuring adequate identification and proper future trial design for treatment. Objective To describe the current body of literature around spontaneous recanalisation following internal carotid occlusion. Methods and analysis With the assistance of an information specialist, we will search MEDLINE, Emba...
Source: BMJ Open - March 8, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zhang, S. Y., Dewar, B., Fahed, R., Shamy, M., Shorr, R., Dowlatshahi, D. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Health visiting in the UK in light of the COVID-19 pandemic experience (RReHOPE): a realist review protocol
Introduction Health visiting services, providing support to under 5s and their families, are organised and delivered in very different ways in different parts of the UK. While there has been attention to the key components of health visiting practice and what works well and how, there is little research on how health visiting services are organised and delivered and how that affects their ability to meet their objectives. The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly disrupted service delivery from March 2020. This realist review aims to synthesise the evidence on changes during the pandemic to identify the potential for improving health ...
Source: BMJ Open - March 8, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: King, E., Gadsby, E., Bell, M., Duddy, C., Kendall, S., Wong, G. Tags: Open access, Paediatrics, COVID-19 Source Type: research

Designing a library of lived experience for mental health (LoLEM): protocol for integrating a realist synthesis and experience based codesign approach
Introduction People with lived expertise in managing mental health challenges can be an important source of knowledge and support for other people facing similar challenges, and for carers to learn how best to help. However, opportunities for sharing lived expertise are limited. Living libraries support people with lived expertise to be ‘living books’, sharing their experiences in dialogue with ‘readers’ who can ask questions. Living libraries have been piloted worldwide in health-related contexts but without a clear model of how they work or rigorous evaluation of their impacts. We aim to develop a...
Source: BMJ Open - March 8, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lobban, F., Marshall, P., Barbrook, J., Collins, G., Foster, S., Glossop, Z., Inkster, C., Jebb, P., Johnston, R., Khan, H., Lodge, C., Machin, K., Michalak, E., Powell, S., Rycroft-Malone, J., Slade, M., Whittaker, L., Jones, S. H. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research