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Procedure: Liver Transplant

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Total 21872 results found since Jan 2013.

Kidney Injury and Electrolyte Abnormalities in Liver Failure
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 39: 556-565 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1673616The liver and kidney are key organs of metabolic homeostasis in the body and display complex interactions. Liver diseases often have direct and immediate effects on renal physiology and function. Conversely, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common problem in patients with both acute and chronic liver diseases. AKI in patients with acute liver failure is usually multifactorial and involves insults similar to those seen in the general AKI population. Liver cirrhosis affects and is directly affected by aberrations in systemic and renal hemodynamics, inflamm...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 28, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bonavia, Anthony Singbartl, Kai Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Infectious Complications in Critically Ill Liver Failure Patients
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 39: 578-587 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1673657Infections remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with liver failure. A number of factors, including relative immune dysfunction and systemic inflammation, bacterial translocation, gut dysbiosis, small intestine bacterial overgrowth, altered bile acid pools, and changes in pH due to acid suppression, contribute to the high rates of infection in this population. Though a range of infections can complicate the course of cirrhotic patients, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), cholangitis, and cholecystitis in addition to oth...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 28, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Cheung, Amanda Tanna, Sajal Ison, Michael G. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Organ Transplantation for Cystic Fibrosis
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 40: 842-856 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399554Cystic fibrosis (CF) remains the most common indication for lung transplantation in children and the third most common in adults and has the highest median survival posttransplant for all pretransplant diagnoses. Criteria for transplant in patients with CF vary widely among transplant centers and early referral to multiple centers may be needed to maximize opportunities for lung transplantation. Comorbidities unique to CF such as resistant and atypical pathogens like Burkholderia and Mycobacterium abscessus, and cirrhosis require special consideration ...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Morrell, Matthew R. Kiel, Sarah C. Pilewski, Joseph M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Donation after circulatory determination of death in western Canada: a multicentre study of donor characteristics and critical care practices
ConclusionThere is significant variability in critical care DCD practices in western Canada, but this has not resulted in significant differences in recipient or graft survival. Further research is required to guide optimal management of potential DCD donors.
Source: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia - April 15, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research

Community-Acquired Respiratory Viruses Post –Lung Transplant
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 42: 449-459 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729172Survival in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) lags behind heart, liver, and kidney transplant, in part due to the direct and indirect effects of infection. LTRs have increased susceptibility to infection due to the combination of a graft continually exposed to the outside world, multiple mechanisms for impaired mucus clearance, and immunosuppression. Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARVs) are common in LTRs. Picornaviruses have roughly 40% cumulative incidence followed by respiratory syncytial virus and coronaviruses. Although single-c...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 24, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sweet, Stuart C. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Nonmalignant Pleural Effusions
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43: 570-582 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748186Although the potential causes of nonmalignant pleural effusions are many, the management of a few, including complicated pleural infections and refractory heart failure and hepatic hydrothoraces, can be challenging and requires the assistance of interventional pulmonologists. A pragmatic approach to complicated parapneumonic effusions or empyemas is the insertion of a small-bore chest tube (e.g., 14–16 Fr) through which fibrinolytics (e.g., urokinase and alteplase) and DNase are administered in combination. Therapeutic thoracenteses are usually reser...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - September 14, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Porcel, Jos é M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Expert Review on Contemporary Management of Common Benign Pleural Effusions
Semin Respir Crit Care Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769096Heart failure (HF) and cirrhosis are frequently associated with pleural effusions (PEs). Despite their apparently benign nature, both HF-related effusions and hepatic hydrothorax (HH) have poor prognosis because they represent an advanced stage of the disease. Optimization of medical therapy in these two entities involve not only the use of diuretics, but also other pharmacological therapies. For instance, all HF patients with reduced or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction can benefit from angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors, beta blockers, minera...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 1, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Porcel, Jos é M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Critical Care Management in Cirrhosis
Abstract The critical care management of cirrhotic patients involves a multidisciplinary team approach, including the hepatologist and intensivist, to address life-threatening complications and to provide comprehensive care for multi-organ failure commonly seen in these patients. A systematic approach to the diagnosis and therapy of multi-organ system dysfunction is essential to optimize the intensive care management of these complex patients, with a goal to stabilize them for possible liver transplantation. This review provides a system-based approach for the intensive care management of critically ill cirrhotic patients.
Source: Current Hepatitis Reports - February 7, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

A survey of psychosocial adaptation in long-term survivors of pediatric liver transplants.
Authors: DeBolt AJ, Stewart SM, Kennard BD, Petrik K, Andrews WS Abstract We assessed 41 children and adolescents who had received liver transplants at least 4 years ago, for social, behavioral, and emotional adaptation; physical function; and family stress. We compared their level of adaptive functioning to published data from chronically ill and medically well children. On many measures, transplant recipients had equivalent levels of function to the comparison groups. However, 6- to 11-year-old patients showed mild social and scholastic deficits. Patients' parents report less negative impact of the illness on the...
Source: Children's Health Care - November 26, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Child Health Care Source Type: research

Acute liver failure: An up-to-date approach
Publication date: June 2017 Source:Journal of Critical Care, Volume 39 Author(s): Filipe S. Cardoso, Paulo Marcelino, Luís Bagulho, Constantine J. Karvellas Acute liver failure is a rare but potentially devastating disease. Throughout the last few decades, acute liver failure outcomes have been improving in the context of the optimized overall management. This positive trend has been associated with the earlier recognition of this condition, the improvement of the intensive care unit management, and the developments in emergent liver transplantation. Accordingly, we aimed to review the current diagnostic and therapeutic ...
Source: Journal of Critical Care - January 25, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Acute Liver Failure: Outcome and Value of Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease Score in Pediatric Cases
Conclusions High PELD scores at diagnosis were accurate predictors of a poor prognosis in our patients with ALF. This model may help in the clinical management of this entity, although prospective validation is needed.
Source: Pediatric Emergency Care - June 1, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Variability in intensive care unit length of stay after liver transplant: Determinants and potential opportunities for improvement
ConclusionNearly half of the LT recipients remained in ICU an average of 1.6 additional days. Monitoring of organ function appeared to be the most common reason. Opportunities to improve resource utilization could include transfer to an intermediate/progressive care (“step-down”) unit.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - January 10, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Emerging strategies for the treatment of patients with acute hepatic failure
The objective of this article is to review the latest developments related to the treatment of patients with acute liver failure (ALF). Recent findings: As the treatment of ALF has evolved, there is an increasing recognition regarding the risk of intracranial hypertension related to advanced hepatic encephalopathy. Therefore, there is an enhanced emphasis on neuromonitoring and therapies targeting intracranial hypertension. Also, new evidence implicates systemic proinflammatory cytokines as an etiology for the development of multiorgan system dysfunction in ALF; the recent finding of a survival benefit in ALF with high-vo...
Source: Current Opinion in Critical Care - March 6, 2016 Category: Nursing Tags: GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM: Edited by Craig Coopersmith Source Type: research

Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of invasive mould infections in Indian intensive care units (FISF study)
ConclusionsThe study highlights the distinct epidemiology of IMIs in India ICUs with high burden, new susceptible patient groups and considerable number of non-Aspergillus mould infections. [clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02683642].
Source: Journal of Critical Care - February 5, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Efficacy of Distraction for Reducing Pain and Distress Associated With Venipuncture in the Pediatric Posttransplant Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusions In children with solid organ transplants, there was no difference in pain and distress associated with venipuncture between those who did and did not receive distraction. There was also no difference in other procedure-related outcomes except for greater phlebotomist satisfaction when distraction was implemented.
Source: Pediatric Emergency Care - February 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research