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Using Pulmonary Imaging to Move COPD Beyond FEV1.
Abstract Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), measured using spirometry, provides a straightforward, widely-available and inexpensive global measurement of airflow limitation and lung function. For decades, FEV1 has remained the main intermediate endpoint used in research studies and for the development of new COPD therapies. Not surprisingly, therapies that acutely improve FEV1, dominate as COPD therapies. However, in COPD patients, the relationship of FEV1 with symptoms and outcomes such as exacerbations and mortality is weak, and importantly, FEV1 does not take into account the heterogeneity of COPD nor...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 29, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Coxson HO, Leipsic J, Parraga G, Sin DD Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance imaging of ventilation and perfusion changes in response to pulmonary endarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
PMID: 25171318 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 31, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Marshall H, Kiely DG, Parra-Robles J, Capener D, Deppe MH, van Beek EJ, Swift AJ, Rajaram S, Hurdman J, Condliffe R, Elliot CA, Wild JM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Massive Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor Deemed Inoperable until (68)Ga DOTATATE Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
PMID: 25171317 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 31, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ordidge KL, Brown JM, Succony L, Navani N, Hardavella G, Lawrence DR, Fraioli F, Groves A, Janes SM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Understanding the Anatomic Basis for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Adolescents.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased size of the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue, rather than enlargement of the upper airway soft tissue structures, is the primary anatomic risk factor for OSAS in obese adolescents. These results are important for clinical decision making, and suggest that adenotonsillectomy should be considered as the initial treatment for OSAS in obese adolescents, a group with poor CPAP adherence and difficulty achieving weight loss. PMID: 25835282 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 2, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schwab RJ, Kim C, Bagchi S, Keenan BT, Comyn FL, Wang S, Tapia IE, Huang S, Traylor J, Torigian DA, Bradford RM, Marcus CL Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Pulmonary Microvascular Blood Flow in Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Emphysema. The MESA COPD Study.
CONCLUSIONS: PMBF was reduced in mild COPD, including in regions of lung without frank emphysema, and may represent a distinct pathological process from small airways disease. PMBF may provide an imaging biomarker for therapeutic strategies targeting the pulmonary microvasculature. PMID: 26067761 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 11, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hueper K, Vogel-Claussen J, Parikh MA, Austin JH, Bluemke DA, Carr J, Choi J, Goldstein TA, Gomes AS, Hoffman EA, Kawut SM, Lima J, Michos ED, Post WS, Po MJ, Prince MA, Liu K, Rabinowitz D, Skrok J, Smith BM, Watson K, Yin Y, Zambeli-Ljepovic AM, Barr RG Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

AMPK Deficiency Blocks the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response and Thus Precipitates Hypoventilation and Apnea.
CONCLUSIONS: AMPK is required to coordinate the activation by hypoxia of brainstem respiratory networks and deficiencies in AMPK expression precipitate hypoventilation and apnea, even where carotid body afferent input is normal. PMID: 26669206 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mahmoud AD, Lewis S, Juričić L, Udoh UA, Hartmann S, Jansen MA, Ogunbayo OA, Puggioni P, Holmes AP, Kumar P, Navarro-Dorado J, Foretz M, Viollet B, Dutia MB, Marshall I, Evans AM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Gray Matter Hypertrophy and Thickening with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Middle-aged and Older Adults.
CONCLUSIONS: Gray matter hypertrophy and thickening were associated with hypoxemia, respiratory disturbances, and sleep fragmentation. These structural changes in a group of middle-aged and older individuals may represent adaptive/reactive brain mechanisms attributed to a presymptomatic stage of obstructive sleep apnea. PMID: 28060546 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 5, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Baril AA, Gagnon K, Brayet P, Montplaisir J, De Beaumont L, Carrier J, Lafond C, L'Heureux F, Gagnon JF, Gosselin N Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Prognostic Evaluation of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Conclusion: MRI measurements reflecting RV structure and stiffness of the proximal pulmonary vasculature are independent predictors of outcome in PAH. In combination with clinical data MRI has moderate prognostic accuracy in the evaluation of patients with PAH. PMID: 28328237 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 22, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Swift AJ, Capener D, Johns C, Hamilton N, Rothman A, Elliot C, Condliffe R, Charalampopoulos A, Rajaram S, Lawrie A, Campbell MJ, Wild JM, Kiely DG Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Panacea or Pixelation?
PMID: 28707971 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - July 15, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mathai SC, Kawut SM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Sputum Eosinophilia and MRI Ventilation Heterogeneity in Severe Asthma.
CONCLUSIONS: In severe asthmatics, MRI regionally identifies the inflammatory and non-inflammatory components of airways disease. Ventilation heterogeneity persists post-salbutamol in patients with uncontrolled eosinophilic-bronchitis, which may be the functional consequence of airway inflammation. PMID: 29313707 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Svenningsen S, Eddy RL, Lim HF, Cox PG, Nair P, Parraga G Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Neonatal Pulmonary MRI of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Predicts Short-term Clinical Outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Quiet-breathing neonatal pulmonary MRI can independently assess structural abnormalities of BPD, describe disease severity, and predict short-term outcomes more accurately than any individual standard clinical measure. Importantly, this non-ionizing technique can be implemented to phenotype disease and has potential to serially assess efficacy of individualized therapies. PMID: 29790784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 23, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Higano NS, Spielberg DR, Fleck RJ, Schapiro AH, Walkup LL, Hahn AD, Tkach JA, Kingma PS, Merhar SL, Fain SB, Woods JC Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Dynamic Upper Airway Imaging During Wakefulness in Obese Subjects with and without Sleep Apnea.
CONCLUSIONS: Upper airway caliber during respiration was significantly narrower in obese apneics than obese controls in the retropalatal region. These findings provide further evidence that retropalatal airway narrowing plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OSA in obese subjects. PMID: 30040909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - July 24, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Feng Y, Keenan BT, Wang S, Leinwand S, Wiemken A, Pack AI, Schwab RJ Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Effect of Indacaterol/Glycopyrronium on Pulmonary Perfusion and Ventilation in Hyperinflated COPD Patients (CLAIM): A Double-Blind, Randomised, Crossover Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacological intervention with IND/GLY improves pulmonary microvascular blood flow and regional ventilation in COPD patients with hyperinflation. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT02442206. PMID: 30641027 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 14, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vogel-Claussen J, Schönfeld CO, Kaireit TF, Voskrebenzev A, Czerner CP, Renne J, Tillmann HC, Berschneider K, Hiltl S, Bauersachs J, Welte T, Hohlfeld JM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Right Ventricular Fibrosis is Related to Pulmonary Artery Stiffness in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.
PMID: 31144985 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jankowich M, Abbasi SA, Vang A, Choudhary G Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Impaired Right Ventricular Performance is Associated with Adverse Outcome Following Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy.
CONCLUSION: Right ventricular dysfunction is associated with risk of adverse outcome in asphyxiated patients with HIE undergoing hypothermia. Echocardiography may be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool in this vulnerable population. PMID: 31251076 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 27, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Giesinger RE, El Shahed AI, Castaldo MP, Breatnach CR, Chau V, Whyte HE, El-Khuffash A, Mertens L, McNamara PJ Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research