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NIH consensus development statement on management of hepatitis B.
CONCLUSIONS: The most important predictors of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in persons who have chronic HBV are persistently elevated HBV DNA and ALT levels in blood. Other risk factors include HBV genotype C infection, male sex, older age, family history of hepatocellular carcinoma, and co-infection with HCV or HIV. The major goals of anti-HBV therapy are to prevent the development of progressive disease, specifically cirrhosis and liver failure, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma development and subsequent death. To date, no RCTs of anti-HBV therapies have demonstrated a beneficial impact on overall mortality, l...
Source: NIH Consensus and State of the Science Statements - November 16, 2014 Category: American Health Tags: NIH Consens State Sci Statements Source Type: research
NIH State-of-the-Science Conference Statement on management of menopause-related symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstrual periods that occurs naturally in women, usually in their early 50s. Many women have few or no symptoms; these women are not in need of medical treatment. Premenopausal or perimenopausal women who have menopause induced by surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation are more likely to experience bothersome and even disabling symptoms. These women need safe and effective treatment. It is difficult to differentiate those symptoms that are truly associated with menopause from those due to aging. Hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness are clearly tied to the menopau...
Source: NIH Consensus and State of the Science Statements - November 16, 2014 Category: American Health Tags: NIH Consens State Sci Statements Source Type: research
Abstract 2719: TCRP1 gene promotes NIH/3T3 cell transformation by over-activating PDPK1 and Akt
This study was supported by grant from National Natural Science Foundation (81472184) of China.}Citation Format: Chengkun Wang, Xiaorong Liu, Qinwei Qiu, Zhijie Zhang, Jiang Yin, Guopei Zheng, Zhimin He. TCRP1 gene promotes NIH/3T3 cell transformation by over-activating PDPK1 and Akt. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2719. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2719
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang, C., Liu, X., Qiu, Q., Zhang, Z., Yin, J., Zheng, G., He, Z. Tags: Carcinogenesis Source Type: research
Akt-Ser473 Phosphorylation as a Marker for Predicting Taxane Chemotherapy Outcome
Over the past decades, taxanes such as paclitaxel and docetaxel have emerged as effective chemotherapy agents for breast cancer and other malignancies. Taxanes are effective in many patients, however, not all patients benefit from this type of chemotherapy. A significant need remains for a means of predicting clinical outcome from taxane-based chemotherapy.
Akt, a serine/threonine kinase that can block apoptosis, has been implicated in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and organization. Akt phosphorylation and its transducing downstream events play a central role in cell survival and cell cycle progression at the G2/M...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - March 11, 2010 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research
Tumor Markers for Potentially Predicting Outcome of Anti-angiogenesis Therapy
During the past decade, anti-angiogenesis therapy has evolved as a promising approach to the treatment of cancer. However, a significant fraction of patients do not benefit from anti-angiogenesis therapy, either by itself or in combination with chemotherapy. A significant need remains for a means of predicting clinical benefit from anti-angiogenesis therapy.
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute, NIH, have identified tumor cell apoptosis, p53, and HER2 as having potential predictive significance for treatment outcome in breast cancer patients who received anti-angiogenesis therapy in combination with chemotherapy. T...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - August 5, 2011 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research
Novel Metastatic Serous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (SEOC) Mouse Models, Cell Lines, and Orthotopic Models Useful for Biomarker Discovery and Preclinical Testing
The high mortality rate from ovarian cancers can be attributed to late-stage diagnosis and lack of effective treatment. Despite enormous effort to develop better targeted therapies, platinum-based chemotherapy still remains the standard of care for ovarian cancer patients, and resistance occurs at a high rate. One of the rate limiting factors for translation of new drug discoveries into clinical treatments has been the lack of suitable preclinical cancer models with high predictive value. NCI CAPR has developed Tri-allelic K18-T121 tg/+ /Brca1 fl/fl /p53 fl/fl SEOC GEM Model, GEM-derived SEOC orthotopic mouse model, and ...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - July 26, 2016 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Inhibition of Host Heme Oxygenase-1 as an Adjunctive Treatment to Improve the Outcome of Conventional Antibiotic Chemotherapy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Infection
This invention describes the adjunctive use of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitors to improve the outcome of conventional antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis. The existent standard of care requires prolonged administration of drug. Due to the long duration of treatment, methods that can more rapidly control tuberculosis in patients are clearly needed.NIAID researchers have discovered that inhibition of host HO-1 reducesMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth in vivo and, more importantly, when used as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy, results in a marked improvement in pulmonary bacterial control. In particular, it...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - March 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Human and Veterinary Cancer Therapeutic Agent Utilizing Anthrax Toxin-Based Technology
Due to the disorganized nature of blood vessels that run through tumors, chemotherapeutic agents often fail to penetrate tumors and kill cancer cells at the tumor ’s center. This can lead to ineffective chemotherapeutic treatments, because tumors can quickly grow back if the entire tumor is not destroyed. NIH researchers have developed a therapeutic agent that solves this problem facing current chemotherapy treatments. By elegantly exploiting cell surfac e proteases present at high levels in tumors, they have developed a tumor-targeted anthrax based toxin that inactivates the blood vessels within tumors. While in some ca...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - July 6, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Immunogenic Peptides (Vaccines) for the Treatment of Prostate and Breast Cancer
Collectively, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Current treatments of cancer often involve non-specific strategies (such as chemotherapy) which attack healthy cells as well as diseased cells, leading to harmful side-effects. As a result, the development of more targeted means of treating cancer are highly sought after. One option for a targeted treatment is the creation of a vaccine that induces an immune response only against cancer cells. In this sense, vaccination involves the introduction of a peptide into a patient that causes the formation of T cells that recognize the peptide. If the ...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 1, 2005 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Inhibition of Host Heme Oxygenase-1 as an Adjunctive Treatment to Improve the Outcome of Conventional Antibiotic Chemotherapy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Infection
This invention describes the adjunctive use of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitors to improve the outcome of conventional antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis. The existent standard of care requires prolonged administration of drug. Due to the long duration of treatment, methods that can more rapidly control tuberculosis in patients are clearly needed.NIAID researchers have discovered that inhibition of host HO-1 reducesMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth in vivo and, more importantly, when used as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy, results in a marked improvement in pulmonary bacterial control. In particular, it...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - March 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
DNA Probes to Rapidly Screen Candida glabrata Isolates for Echinocandin Resistance to Antifungal Treatment
Candida glabrata is one causative agent of common fungal infections such as candidemia, or Candida (a yeast) present in the bloodstream. Vulnerable populations that can acquire candidemia include immunocompromised individuals such as the elderly and patients receiving chemotherapy. Echinocandins, which disrupt the fungal cell wall, are the most commonly prescribed antifungal treatment for Candida glabrata-induced candidemia. However, mutations in the FKS (FKS1 and FKS2) genes have been shown to cause C. glabrata to become resistant to echinocandins. Currently, resistance to echinocandins is detected by susceptibility testi...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - January 5, 2018 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Autophagy and senescence: A partnership in search of definition.
Abstract
Autophagy and senescence share a number of characteristics, which suggests that both responses could serve to collaterally protect the cell from the toxicity of external stress such as radiation and chemotherapy and internal forms of stress such as telomere shortening and oncogene activation. Studies of oncogene activation in normal fibroblasts as well as exposure of tumor cells to chemotherapy have indicated that autophagy and senescence are closely related but not necessarily interdependent responses; specifically, interference with autophagy delays but does not abrogate senescence. The literature relat...
Source: Autophagy - February 19, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Gewirtz DA Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research
Cannabis-based medicines and medical cannabis for adults with cancer pain
CONCLUSIONS: There is moderate-certainty evidence that oromucosal nabiximols and THC are ineffective in relieving moderate-to-severe opioid-refractory cancer pain. There is low-certainty evidence that nabilone is ineffective in reducing pain associated with (radio-) chemotherapy in people with head and neck cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. There is low-certainty evidence that a single dose of synthetic THC analogues is not superior to a single low-dose morphine equivalent in reducing moderate-to-severe cancer pain. There is low-certainty evidence that CBD does not add value to specialist palliative care alone in the ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 7, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Winfried H äuser Patrick Welsch Lukas Radbruch Emma Fisher Rae Frances Bell R Andrew Moore Source Type: research
