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Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis

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Total 35529 results found since Jan 2013.

Overestimation of Coprevalent and Underestimation of Incident Tuberculosis in Close Contacts.
PMID: 25679110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 14, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Horsburgh CR Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Relation between Recurrence of Tuberculosis and Transitional Changes in IFN-γ Release Assays.
PMID: 25679108 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 14, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kaneko Y, Nakayama K, Kinoshita A, Kurita Y, Odashima K, Saito Z, Yoshii Y, Horikiri T, Seki A, Seki Y, Takeda H, Kuwano K Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Tuberculosis in Russia. Its History and Its Status Today.
Abstract The history of the Russian tuberculosis (TB) program, dating from the second part of the 19th century until today, is presented, and its achievements and failures are analyzed. The epidemiology of TB is described, and the effects of the TB program initiatives are described and analyzed. Multidrug-resistant TB and HIV coinfection represent severe threats to TB control effectiveness in Russia. New TB control strategies in the present-day epidemiological climate call for important shifts in TB facilities' networking, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. PMID: 25679104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 14, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yablonskii PK, Vizel AA, Galkin VB, Shulgina MV Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Disseminated tuberculosis in a patient treated with biologics.
PMID: 25723824 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 1, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chang CH, Ruan SY, Huang CT Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

The DosR Regulon Modulates Adaptive Immunity and is Essential for M. tuberculosis Persistence.
Conclusions: Delayed adaptive responses, a hallmark of Mtb infection, not only lead to persistence but also interfere with the development of effective anti-TB vaccines. The DosR regulon therefore modulates both the magnitude and the timing of adaptive immune responses in response to hypoxia in-vivo, resulting in persistent infection. Hence, DosR regulates key aspects of the Mtb life cycle and in limiting lung pathology. PMID: 25730547 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 2, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mehra S, Foreman TW, Didier PJ, Ahsan MH, Hudock TA, Kissee R, Golden NA, Gautam US, Johnson AM, Alvarez X, Russell-Lodrigue KE, Doyle LA, Roy CJ, Blanchard JL, Khader SA, Lackner AA, Sherman DR, Kaushal D Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Risk Assessment of Tuberculosis in Contacts by Interferon-γ Release Assays (IGRAs). A TBNET Study.
CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis rarely developed among contacts and preventive chemotherapy effectively reduced the tuberculosis risk among IGRA-positive contacts. Although the negative predictive value of IGRAs is high, the risk for the development of tuberculosis is poorly predicted by these assays. PMID: 25763458 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 12, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zellweger JP, Sotgiu G, Block M, Dore S, Altet N, Blunschi R, Bogyi M, Bothamley G, Bothe C, Codecasa L, Costa P, Dominguez J, Duarte R, Fløe A, Fresard I, García-García JM, Goletti D, Halm P, Hellwig D, Henninger E, Heykes-Uden H, Horn L, Kruczak K, L Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Performance of a Novel Algorithm Using Automated Digital Microscopy for Diagnosing Tuberculosis.
CONCLUSIONS: TBDx used in diagnostic algorithms with GXP provided reasonable sensitivity and high specificity for active TB while dramatically reducing the number GXP tests performed. As a stand-alone microscopy system, performance was equivalent to a highly experienced TB microscopist. PMID: 25826383 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 31, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ismail NA, Omar SV, Lewis JJ, Dowdy DW, Dreyer AW, van der Meulen H, Nconjana G, Clark DA, Churchyard GJ Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Fluoroquinolone Therapy for the Prevention of Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Contacts: a Cost-effectiveness Analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: In our model, fluoroquinolone preventive therapy resulted in substantial health system savings and in reduced mortality, incidence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and incidence of acquired fluoroquinolone resistant disease as well as improved quality of life. Fluoroquinolone therapy remained cost saving with improved outcomes even if the effectiveness of therapy in preventing multi-drug resistant tuberculosis was as low as 10%. PMID: 25915791 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 27, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fox GJ, Oxlade O, Menzies D Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Institutional Tuberculosis Transmission: Controlled Trial of Upper Room Ultraviolet Air Disinfection - A Basis for New Dosing Guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: Upper room germicidal ultraviolet air disinfection with air mixing was highly effective in reducing tuberculosis transmission under hospital conditions. These data support using either a total fixture output (rather than electrical or UV lamp wattage) of 15-20 mW/m3 total room volume, or an average whole room ultraviolet irradiance (fluence rate) of 5-7 μW/cm2, calculated by a lighting computer assisted design program modified for ultraviolet use. PMID: 25928547 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mphaphlele M, Dharmadhikari AS, Jensen PA, Rudnick SN, van Reenen TH, Pagano MA, Leuschner W, Sears TA, Milonova SP, van der Walt M, Stoltz AC, Nardell EA Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Erratum: Daily Rifapentine for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized, Dose-Ranging Trial.
Authors: PMID: 25978581 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Sustained Benefit of Community-based Tuberculosis Interventions after 30 Years.
PMID: 25978574 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Accinelli RA, Romero LR, García RF, Sánchez R Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

IFN-γ Release Assays for Risk Assessment in Contacts of Patients with Tuberculosis in Low-Burden European Countries.
PMID: 25978570 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zumla A, Maeurer M Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

T-SPOT®.TB Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) Performance in Healthcare Worker Screening at 19 US Hospitals.
CONCLUSIONS: The high concordance and test completion rates in this study suggest that the T-SPOT.TB test is a reliable tool for healthcare worker serial screening. As expected, the observed positivity rates were lower compared to the tuberculin skin test, likely reflecting the higher specificity of this test. Further, the observed rates of conversion were low and significantly correlated with the geographic incidence of tuberculosis. Our findings suggest that the T-SPOT.TB test is an accurate and reliable way to screen healthcare workers. PMID: 26017193 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 27, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: King TC, Upfal M, Gottlieb A, Adamo P, Bernacki E, Kadlecek CP, Jones JG, Humphrey-Carothers F, Rielly AF, Drewry P, Murray K, DeWitt M, Matsubara J, O'Dea L, Balser J, Wrighton-Smith P Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Combinatorial Immunoprofiling in Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Toward Better Risk Stratification.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the strategy of combinatorial multi-immunoassay analysis is capable of generating novel biomarker profiles distinguishing LTBI patients by infection and treatment status, and potential risk of TB reactivation. We propose these candidate biomarker profiles to be prospectively assessed for LTBI reactivation risk stratification. PMID: 26030344 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 1, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Escalante P, Peikert T, Van Keulen VP, Erskine CL, Bornhorst CL, Andrist BR, McCoy K, Pease LR, Abraham RS, Knutson KL, Kita H, Schrum AG, Limper AH Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Automated Digital Microscopy in New Tuberculosis Diagnostic Algorithms. Can It Boost Case Finding?
PMID: 26075421 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 15, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Caminero JA, Migliori GB Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research