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Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis

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Total 35529 results found since Jan 2013.

Promise and Peril of Pretomanid-Rifamycin Regimens for Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Jan 11. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202212-2262ED. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:36630555 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202212-2262ED
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 11, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gustavo E Vel ásquez Payam Nahid Source Type: research

The Long-Term Impact of Early-Life Tuberculosis Disease on Child Health: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study
CONCLUSIONS: Prevention of TB disease in the first few years of life may have substantial long-term benefits through childhood. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).PMID:36746196 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202208-1543OC
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 6, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Leonardo Martinez Diane M Gray Maresa Botha Michael Nel Shaakira Chaya Carvern Jacobs Lesley Workman Mark Nicol Heather J Zar Source Type: research

Effectiveness of Bedaquiline Use Beyond Six Months in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
CONCLUSIONS: Bedaquiline use beyond six months did not increase the probability of successful treatment among patients receiving longer regimens that commonly included new and repurposed drugs. When not properly accounted for, immortal person-time can bias estimate of effects of treatment duration. Future analyses should explore the effect of duration of bedaquiline and other drugs in subgroups with advanced disease and/or receiving less potent regimens.PMID:36802336 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202211-2125OC
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 21, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Letizia Trevisi Miguel A Hern án Carole D Mitnick Uzma Khan Kwonjune J Seung Michael L Rich Mathieu Bastard Helena Huerga Nara Melikyan Sidney Atwood Zaza Avaliani Felix Llanos Mohammed Manzur-Ul-Alam Khin Zarli Amsalu Bekele Binedgie Sana Adnan Arusyak Source Type: research

Making the Case for All-Oral, Shorter Regimens for Children with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Jun 5. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202304-0670VP. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37276531 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202304-0670VP
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 5, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sayalee Patankar Andrea T Cruz Bianca Douglas-Jones Anthony Garcia-Prats Alexander Kay Anja Reuter H Simon Schaaf James A Seddon Sangeeta Sharma Jeffrey Starke Marcela Tommasi Rina Triasih Jennifer J Furin Source Type: research

Immunosuppressed Pets as a Conduit for Zoonotic Tuberculosis
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Jul 25. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202304-0734LE. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37490607 | DOI:10.1164/rccm.202304-0734LE
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - July 25, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ciara Ottewill Lorraine Dolan Esther L ópez Bailén Emma Roycroft Margaret Fitzgibbon Emer O Donohue Anne Marie McLaughlin Guy McGrath Joseph Keane Source Type: research

Pediatric Abdominal Tuberculosis With Calcified Intra-abdominal Lymph Nodes Identified by Point-of-Care Ultrasound
Conclusions In the right clinical setting, the concurrent presence of intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy, ascites, mesenteric thickening, ileocecal thickening, and splenic microabscesses on ultrasound imaging should lead to consideration of the diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis. Although typically diagnosed on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, in our case, POCUS helped facilitate the bedside diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis in the emergency department.
Source: Pediatric Emergency Care - April 1, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Ultrasound Case Review Source Type: research

Melioidosis: Evolving Concepts in Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 36: 111-125DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1398389Infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei can result in asymptomatic seroconversion, a single skin lesion that may or may not heal spontaneously, a pneumonia which can be subacute or chronic and mimic tuberculosis or rapidly progressive resulting in fatal overwhelming sepsis. Latency with subsequent activation of disease is well recognized, but very uncommon. Melioidosis also has a myriad of other clinical presentations and diagnosis is often delayed because of this and because of difficulties with laboratory diagnosis and lack of recognition outside mel...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 2, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Currie, Bart J. Source Type: research

Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Global Perspective
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 37: 799-805 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592313Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a global disease responsible for a large proportion of deaths and having significant economic cost. As diagnostic tools have increased in sensitivity, our understanding of the etiology of CAP has begun to change with a significant increase in confirmed viral infections and the recognition that multiple pathogens are frequently present. Empiric therapy remains the standard of care and guidelines are mostly based on published data from the United States or Europe. Blindly applying guidelines without any consideration...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 12, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Waterer, Grant W. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Sub-Saharan Africa
We describe the rational and context-appropriate approach to CAP diagnosis and management, including supportive therapy. Priorities for future research to inform strategies for CAP prevention and initial management are suggested. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 12, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Aston, Stephen J. Rylance, Jamie Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Latin America
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 37: 868-875 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592076Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. Poverty, socioeconomic factors, and malnutrition influence the incidence and outcome of CAP in LAC. In LAC, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent microorganism responsible for CAP, (incidence: 24–78%); the incidence of atypical microorganisms is similar to other regions of the world. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a growing problem in the LAC region, with th...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 12, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Iannella, Hern án A. Luna, Carlos M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Diagnostic Challenge of Tuberculosis Heterogeneity
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 39: 286-296 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660471For the ICU physician, the failure to consider, diagnose, and treat tuberculosis (TB) results in increased morbidity and mortality, and poses risks to both patients and health care providers. At present, the diagnosis of TB depends on the detection of either mycobacteria or mycobacterial products from clinical specimens. Given the risks posed to both the patient and health care providers by undiagnosed and/or untreated TB, the ability to diagnose TB rapidly in the ICU cannot be understated. In this regard, nucleic acid amplification tests provide relat...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 2, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nemes, Elisa Meermeier, Erin W. Scriba, Thomas J. Walzl, Gerhard Malherbe, Stephanus T. Lewinsohn, David M. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Updates in the Treatment of Active and Latent Tuberculosis
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 39: 297-309 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1660863First-line therapy for active tuberculosis (TB) has remained unchanged for nearly 40 years. Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the initial two-month phase followed by isoniazid and rifampin for 4 to 7 months is standard treatment for people at low risk for drug-resistant disease. Directly-observed therapy (DOT) remains the standard of care for pulmonary TB. Virtual treatment monitoring using digital technologies is becoming more common as a way to provide a more patient-centered approach to care. Attempts to shorten treatment duratio...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 2, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Haas, Michelle K. Belknap, Robert W. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Great Masquerader: Tuberculosis Presenting as Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Semin Respir Crit Care Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1710583According to World Health Organization estimates, tuberculosis (TB) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are both among the top 10 global causes of death. TB and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), if mortality estimates are combined, would rank as the third most common cause of death globally. It is estimated that each year there are approximately 10 million new cases of TB that are associated with approximately 1.2 million deaths, and almost 450 million new episodes of LRTI (synonymous with CAP) with approximately 4 million associated deaths. Globally, Strep...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 20, 2020 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dheda, Keertan Makambwa, Edson Esmail, Aliasgar Tags: Review Article Source Type: research