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Infectious Disease: Coronavirus

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Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on ICU Admissions During Lockdown for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New Zealand—A Retrospective Cohort Study
OBJECTIVES: Nonpharmaceutical interventions are implemented internationally to mitigate the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with the aim to reduce coronavirus disease 2019–related deaths and to protect the health system, particularly intensive care facilities from being overwhelmed. The aim of this study is to describe the impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions on ICU admissions of non–coronavirus disease 2019–related patients. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Analysis of all reported adult patient admissions to New Zealand ICUs during Level 3 and Level 4 loc...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - September 27, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical investigations Source Type: research

The Use of IV Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (Aviptadil) in Patients With Critical COVID-19 Respiratory Failure: Results of a 60-Day Randomized Controlled Trial*
CONCLUSIONS: The primary end point did not reach statistical significance, indicating that there was no difference between Aviptadil versus placebo. However, Aviptadil improves the likelihood of survival from respiratory failure at day 60 in critical COVID-19 across all sites of care. Given the absence of drug-related serious adverse events and acceptable safety profile, we believe the benefit versus risk for the use of Aviptadil is favorable for patient treatment.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - October 20, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

Anesthesia Care for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Patients: Results from a Survey Evaluating Opinions of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Members
Publication date: Available online 18 March 2021Source: Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain MedicineAuthor(s): Ahmad Elsharydah, Ejike N. Okoro, C. Ikenna Nwafor, Laura J. Delin, David W. Mercier, Girish P. Joshi
Source: Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine - March 20, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research

Pneumonia in the tropics: Report from the Task Force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine
The aetiology of community acquired pneumonia varies according to the region in which it is acquired. This review discusses those causes of CAP that occur in the tropics and might not be readily recognizable when transplanted to other sites. Various forms of pneumonia including the viral causes such as influenza (seasonal and avian varieties), the coronaviruses and the Hantavirus as well as bacterial causes, specifically the pneumonic form of Yersinia pestis and melioidosis are discussed.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - November 3, 2017 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Guy A. Richards, Steve McGloughlin, Pravin R. Amin Source Type: research

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: Critical Care Management
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV), working with dying patients’ families, use of experimental therapies, and more. JAMA Associate Editor Derek Angus, MD, MPH, Distinguished Professor and Chair of Critical Care Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh, provides a COVID-19 ICU management update. Watch the recording of this livestream
Source: JAMA Author Interviews - April 2, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: JAMA Network Source Type: podcasts

Analysis of Critical Care Severity of Illness Scoring Systems in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Analysis of Three U.K. ICUs
No abstract available
Source: Critical Care Medicine - December 21, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Receiving Organ Support Therapies: The International Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study Registry
CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus disease 2019 prognosis varies by age and level of organ support. Interhospital variation in mortality of mechanically ventilated patients was not explained by patient characteristics and requires further evaluation.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - February 25, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Late Breaker Articles Source Type: research

The Lived Experience of ICU Clinicians During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: A Qualitative Study
CONCLUSIONS: Among ICU clinicians, there was a sense of total professional engagement during the surge. Caring for critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients was fraught with challenges and generated a strong feeling of responsibility, as clinicians felt they had to compensate for the absence of family members. Rethinking policies about family visits and safeguarding positive relationships among colleagues are two important priorities for future healthcare crises.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - May 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation*
OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in coronavirus disease 2019 patients requiring mechanical ventilation and the risk for healthcare providers. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study; patients were enrolled between March 11, and April 29, 2020. The date of final follow-up was July 30, 2020. We used a propensity score matching approach to compare outcomes. Study outcomes were formulated before data collection and analysis. SETTING: Critical care units at two large metropolitan hospitals in New York City. PATIENTS: Five-hundred forty-one patients with confirmed severe ...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - June 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Decision-Making Authority During Tele-ICU Care Reduces Mortality and Length of Stay—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*
CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to expert tele-consultations, decision-making authority during tele-ICU care reduces mortality and length of stay in the ICU. This work confirms the urgent need for evidence-based ICU telemedicine guidelines and reveals potential benefits of uniform regulations regarding the level of authority when providing tele-ICU care.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - June 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

A Comparison of Thrombosis and Hemorrhage Rates in Patients With Severe Respiratory Failure Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Influenza Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
OBJECTIVES: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a lifesaving therapy for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation. It is frequently complicated by both thrombosis and hemorrhage. A markedly prothrombotic state associated with high rates of venous thromboembolism has been described in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (coronavirus disease 2019) infection. These rates have currently not been described during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in comparison to other viral pneumonias. DESIGN: Retrospective observational...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - June 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigation Source Type: research

Association of Sedation, Coma, and In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study*
OBJECTIVES: In patients with coronavirus disease 2019–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome, sedatives and opioids are commonly administered which may lead to increased vulnerability to neurologic dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that patients with coronavirus disease 2019–associated acute respiratory distress syndrome are at higher risk of in-hospital mortality due to prolonged coma compared with other patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome matched for disease severity. DESIGN: Propensity-matched cohort study. SETTING: Seven ICUs in an academic hospital network, Beth Israel D...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - August 30, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Neurologic Critical Care Source Type: research

Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Among Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: An International Multicenter Coronavirus Disease 2019 Critical Care Consortium Study*
CONCLUSIONS: In an international registry of ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019, stroke was infrequent. Hemorrhagic stroke, but not ischemic stroke, was associated with increased mortality. Further, both hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke were associated with traditional vascular risk factors. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use was strongly associated with both stroke and death.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - November 22, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Online Clinical Investigations Source Type: research