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Taxon-selective venom variation in adult and neonate Daboia russelii (Russell's Viper), and antivenom efficacy
Toxicon. 2021 Nov 6:S0041-0101(21)00305-6. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.11.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMajor variations in venom composition can occur between juvenile and adult venomous snakes. However, due to logistical constraints, antivenoms are produced using adult venoms in immunising mixtures, possibly resulting in limited neutralisation of juvenile snake venoms. Daboia russelii is one of the leading causes of snakebite death across South Asia. Its venom is potently procoagulant, causing stroke in prey animals but causing in humans consumptive coagulopathy-a net anticoagulant state-and sometimes death resultin...
Source: Toxicon - November 9, 2021 Category: Toxicology Authors: Christina N Zdenek Abhinandan Chowdhury Grace Y H Haw Aude Violette Rudy Fourmy Thomas Christ Freek J Vonk Bryan G Fry Source Type: research

Differential coagulotoxicity of metalloprotease isoforms from Bothrops neuwiedi snake venom and consequent variations in antivenom efficacy.
This study broadens the current understanding about the adaptive role of the SVMPs, as well as highlights how the functional diversity of SVMP isoforms can influence clinical outcomes. Key Contribution: Our findings shed light upon the hemorrhagic and coagulotoxic effects of three SVMPs of the P-III class, as well as the coagulotoxic effects of SVMPs on human, avian and amphibian plasmas. Antivenom neutralised prothrombin-activating isoforms better than Factor X activating isoforms. PMID: 32841740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Toxicology Letters - August 21, 2020 Category: Toxicology Authors: Sousa LF, Bernardoni JL, Zdenek CN, Dobson J, Coimbra F, Gillett A, Lopes-Ferreira M, Moura-da-Silva AM, Fry BG Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research