Filtered By:
Source: Molecules

This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 11.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 1090 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 2382: Elucidating Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Focus on Molecular Pathways and Possible Therapeutic Strategies
arrabi Kwang Seok Ahn The failure of chemotherapy is a major challenge nowadays, and in order to ensure effective treatment of cancer patients, it is of great importance to reveal the molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum-containing drug with anti-tumor activity against different cancers in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, drug resistance has restricted its potential in the treatment of cancer patients. CP can promote levels of free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cell death. Due to the double-edged sword role of ROS ...
Source: Molecules - April 19, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sepideh Mirzaei Kiavash Hushmandi Amirhossein Zabolian Hossein Saleki Seyed Mohammad Reza Torabi Adnan Ranjbar SeyedHesam SeyedSaleh Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh Haroon Khan Milad Ashrafizadeh Ali Zarrabi Kwang Seok Ahn Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 2610: In Vitro Inhibitory Analysis of Rationally Designed siRNAs against MERS-CoV Replication in Huh7 Cells
In this report, we have discussed the prediction, designing, and evaluation of potential siRNA targeting the ORF1ab gene for the inhibition of MERS-CoV replication. The online software, siDirect 2.0 was used to predict and design the siRNAs, their secondary structure and their target accessibility. ORF1ab gene folding was performed by RNAxs and RNAfold software. A total of twenty-one siRNAs were selected from 462 siRNAs according to their scoring and specificity. siRNAs were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity and antiviral efficacy in Huh7 cell line. No significant cytotoxicity was observed for all siRNAs in Huh7 ce...
Source: Molecules - April 29, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sherif Aly El-Kafrawy Sayed Sartaj Sohrab Zeenat Mirza Ahmed M. Hassan Fatima Alsaqaf Esam Ibraheem Azhar Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 3591: Quantitative Proteomics and Differential Protein Abundance Analysis after Depletion of Putative mRNA Receptors in the ER Membrane of Human Cells Identifies Novel Aspects of mRNA Targeting to the ER
chard Zimmermann In human cells, one-third of all polypeptides enter the secretory pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The specificity and efficiency of this process are guaranteed by targeting of mRNAs and/or polypeptides to the ER membrane. Cytosolic SRP and its receptor in the ER membrane facilitate the cotranslational targeting of most ribosome-nascent precursor polypeptide chain (RNC) complexes together with the respective mRNAs to the Sec61 complex in the ER membrane. Alternatively, fully synthesized precursor polypeptides are targeted to the ER membrane post-translationally by either the TRC, SND, or PEX1...
Source: Molecules - June 11, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Pratiti Bhadra Stefan Schorr Monika Lerner Duy Nguyen Johanna Dudek Friedrich F örster Volkhard Helms Sven Lang Richard Zimmermann Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 4626: Cholesterol Sequestration from Caveolae/Lipid Rafts Enhances Cationic Liposome-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery into Endothelial Cells
In this study, we demonstrated that the transient modulation of caveolae/lipid rafts mediated endocytosis with the cholesterol-sequestrating agents, nystatin, filipin III, and siRNA against Cav-1, which significantly increased the transfection properties of cationic lipid-(2-hydroxy-N-methyl-N,N-bis(2-tetradecanamidoethyl)ethanaminium chloride), namely, amide liposomes in combination with 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) (AD Liposomes) in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SK-Hep1). In particular, nystatin was found to be highly effective with 2–3-fold enhanced transfection efficacy when compared wit...
Source: Molecules - July 30, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Santhosh Chandar Maddila Chandrashekhar Voshavar Porkizhi Arjunan Rashmi Prakash Chowath Hari Krishna Reddy Rachamalla Balaji Balakrishnan Poonkuzhali Balasubramanian Rajkumar Banerjee Srujan Marepally Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 4919: The Inhibitory Effect of Sulforaphane on Bladder Cancer Cell Depends on GSH Depletion-Induced by Nrf2 Translocation
In this study, human bladder cancer T24 cells were used as in vitro model for revealing the inhibitory effect and its potential mechanism of SFN on cell growth. Here, a low dose of SFN (2.5 µM) was shown to promote cell proliferation (5.18–11.84%) and migration in T24 cells, whilst high doses of SFN (>10 µM) inhibited cell growth significantly. The induction effect of SFN on nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) expression at both low (2.5 µM) and high dose (10 µM) was characterized by a bell-shaped curve. Nrf2 and glutathione (GSH) might be the underlying mechanism in the effect of SFN on T24...
Source: Molecules - August 13, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Canxia He Luigina P. Buongiorno Wei Wang Jonathan C. Y. Tang Natalizia Miceli Maria Fernanda Taviano Yujuan Shan Yongping Bao Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 5635: Orexin-A Regulates Follicular Growth, Proliferation, Cell Cycle and Apoptosis in Mouse Primary Granulosa Cells Via the AKT/ERK Signaling Pathway
This study aimed to explore the expression of OXA and OX1R and their regulatory role in GCs proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, oocyte maturation, and underlying molecular mechanisms of these processes and elucidate its novel signaling pathway. Western blotting and RT-qPCR showed that OXA and OX1R were expressed during different developmental stages of GCs, and siRNA transfection successfully inhibited the expression of OX1R at the translational and transcriptional levels. Flow cytometry revealed that OX1R knockdown upregulated GCs apoptosis and triggered S-phase arrest in cell cycle progression. RT-qPCR and ...
Source: Molecules - September 16, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Muhammad Safdar Aixin Liang Shahid Ali Rajput Nasir Abbas Muhammad Zubair Aftab Shaukat Aziz ur Rehman Huma Jamil Yan Guo Farman Ullah Ligou Yang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 6552: Size and Structure of Empty and Filled Nanocontainer Based on Peptide Dendrimer with Histidine Spacers at Different pH
A. Markelov Novel peptide dendrimer with Lys-2His repeating units was recently synthesized, studied by NMR (Molecules, 2019, 24, 2481) and tested as a nanocontainer for siRNA delivery (Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2020, 21, 3138). Histidine amino acid residues were inserted in the spacers of this dendrimer. Increase of their charge with a pH decrease turns a surface-charged dendrimer into a volume-charged one and should change all properties. In this paper, the molecular dynamics simulation method was applied to compare the properties of the dendrimer in water with explicit counterions at two different pHs (at normal pH with neu...
Source: Molecules - October 29, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Valeriy V. Bezrodnyi Sofia E. Mikhtaniuk Oleg V. Shavykin Igor M. Neelov Nadezhda N. Sheveleva Denis A. Markelov Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 1346: Mitochondrial ROS-Mediated Metabolic and Cytotoxic Effects of Isoproterenol on Cardiomyocytes Are p53-Dependent and Reversed by Curcumin
g-Han Lee Acute β-adrenergic stimulation contributes to heart failure. Here, we investigated the role of p53 in isoproterenol (ISO)-mediated metabolic and oxidative stress effects on cardiomyocytes and explored the direct protective effects offered by the antioxidant nutraceutical curcumin. Differentiated H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes treated with ISO were assayed for glucose uptake, lactate release, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Survival was assessed by sulforhodamine B assays. Cardiomyocytes showed significantly decreased glucose uptake and lactate release, as well as increased ce...
Source: Molecules - February 16, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jin Hee Lee Da Hae Kim MinA Kim Kyung-Ho Jung Kyung-Han Lee Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 1990: Dihydrohomoplantagin and Homoplantaginin, Major Flavonoid Glycosides from Salvia plebeia R. Br. Inhibit oxLDL-Induced Endothelial Cell Injury and Restrict Atherosclerosis via Activating Nrf2 Anti-Oxidation Signal Pathway
In this study, we evaluated the effect of homoplantaginin and its derivative dihydrohomoplantagin on oxLDL-induced endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. Our results showedthat both dihydrohomoplantagin and homoplantaginin inhibited apoptosis and the increased level of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in oxLDL-stimulated HUVECs and the plaque endothelium of apoE-/- mice. Additionally, both of them restricted atherosclerosis development of apoE-/- mice. Mechanistic studies showed that oxLDL-induced the increase in ROS production, phosphorylation of ERK and nuclear translocation of NF-κB in HUVECs was si...
Source: Molecules - March 19, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ning Meng Kai Chen Yanhong Wang Jiarong Hou Wenhui Chu Shan Xie Fengying Yang Chunhui Sun Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 3151: Neuroprotective Effect of Dioscin against Parkinson & rsquo;s Disease via Adjusting Dual-Specificity phosphatase 6(DUSP6)-Mediated Oxidative Stress
In this study, the tests on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PC12 cells and rats were carried out. The results showed that dioscin dramatically improved cell viability, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, improved motor behavior and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) levels and restored the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats. Mechanism investigation showed that dioscin not only markedly increased the expression level of dual- specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) by 1.87-fold in cells and 2.56-fold in rats, and decreased phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK) level by 2.12-fold i...
Source: Molecules - May 14, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhang Mao Meng Gao Xuerong Zhao Lili Li Jinyong Peng Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 6717: Noncoding RNAs Emerging as Drugs or Drug Targets: Their Chemical Modification, Bio-Conjugation and Intracellular Regulation
n Zhang With the increasing understanding of various disease-related noncoding RNAs, ncRNAs are emerging as novel drugs and drug targets. Nucleic acid drugs based on different types of noncoding RNAs have been designed and tested. Chemical modification has been applied to noncoding RNAs such as siRNA or miRNA to increase the resistance to degradation with minimum influence on their biological function. Chemical biological methods have also been developed to regulate relevant noncoding RNAs in the occurrence of various diseases. New strategies such as designing ribonuclease targeting chimeras to degrade endogenous nonco...
Source: Molecules - October 9, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jin Wang Tian Tian Xin Li Yan Zhang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 8564: Epigallocatechin Gallate Attenuates Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Suppressing Apoptosis and Ferroptosis
Jin Chao Shi Jia-Gen Wen Gentamicin (GEN) is a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotic with the adverse effect of nephrotoxicity. Currently, no effective measures against the nephrotoxicity have been approved. In the present study, epigallocatechin gallate (EG), a useful ingredient in green tea, was used to attenuate its nephrotoxicity. EG was shown to largely attenuate the renal damage and the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease of glutathione (GSH) in GEN-injected rats. In NRK-52E cells, GEN increased the cellular ROS in the early treatment phase and ROS remained continuously high from 1.5 H to 24 H. Mo...
Source: Molecules - December 5, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lin Yue Ya-Ru Yang Wen-Xian Ma Hong-Yan Wang Qian-Wen Fan Yue-Yue Wang Chao Li Jing Wang Zi-Mu Hu Xue-Fu Wang Feng-He Li Ming-Ming Liu Juan Jin Chao Shi Jia-Gen Wen Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 97: Alpha Ketoglutarate Downregulates the Neutral Endopeptidase and Enhances the Growth Inhibitory Activity of Thiorphan in Highly Aggressive Osteosarcoma Cells
sińska Since natural substances are widely explored as epigenetic modulators of gene expression and epigenetic abnormalities are important causes of cancerogenesis, factors with pro-tumor activities subjected to epigenetic control, e.g., neutral endopeptidase (NEP, neprilysin), are promising anticancer targets for potential therapies acting via epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a naturally occurring co-substrate for enzymes involved in histone and DNA demethylation with suggested anti-cancer activity. Hence, we investigated a potential effect of AKG on the NEP expression in cells d...
Source: Molecules - December 22, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Magdalena Mizerska-Kowalska Adrianna S ławińska-Brych Emilia Niedziela Viktor Brodovskiy Barbara Zdzisi ńska Tags: Article Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 917: Site-Specific Antibody Conjugation with Payloads beyond Cytotoxins
u As antibody–drug conjugates have become a very important modality for cancer therapy, many site-specific conjugation approaches have been developed for generating homogenous molecules. The selective antibody coupling is achieved through antibody engineering by introducing specific amino acid or unnatural amino acid residues, peptides, and glycans. In addition to the use of synthetic cytotoxins, these novel methods have been applied for the conjugation of other payloads, including non-cytotoxic compounds, proteins/peptides, glycans, lipids, and nucleic acids. The non-cytotoxic compounds include polyethyl...
Source: Molecules - January 17, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Qun Zhou Tags: Review Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 1611: Anemoside A3 Inhibits Macrophage M2-Like Polarization to Prevent Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis
In conclusion, these results indicate that A3 could attenuate the metastasis of TNBC by inhibiting the M2-type polarization of macrophages, which may be related to the STAT3 pathway.
Source: Molecules - February 7, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Peng Liu Yahui Liu Lanying Chen Zeping Fan Yingying Luo Yaru Cui Tags: Article Source Type: research