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Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Total 379 results found since Jan 2013.
Guhong Injection Protects Against Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia by Maintaining Cerebral Microvasculature and Mitochondrial Integrity Through the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Guhong injection (GHI) can be used for the treatment of ischemic stroke. We investigated the antiapoptotic activity of GHI, its ability to repair the cerebral microvessels and mitochondria, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of GHI against cerebral ischemia. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses were used to determine the expression of cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cytochrome c (Cyt-c), basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Transmission electron microscopy and scannin...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Metabolic Aspects of Adenosine Functions in the Brain
Adenosine, acting both through G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and intracellularly, plays a complex role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes by modulating neuronal plasticity, astrocytic activity, learning and memory, motor function, feeding, control of sleep and aging. Adenosine is involved in stroke, epilepsy and neurodegenerative pathologies. Extracellular concentration of adenosine in the brain is tightly regulated. Adenosine may be generated intracellularly in the central nervous system from degradation of AMP or from the hydrolysis of S-adenosyl homocysteine, and then exit via bi-directio...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 14, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Polyphenolic-Rich Compounds From Dillenia pentagyna (Roxb.) Attenuates the Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A High-Frequency Ultrasonography Assisted Approach
Cardiovascular complications are the foremost concern in patients undergoing anticancer therapy. There is an unmet need to address the problems arising from the drug-induced toxicity for the long-term benefit of the patients undergoing chemotherapy. Alternative medicines are gaining their prosperity in addressing the various drug-induced organ toxicity. Dillenia pentagyna Roxb (DP) is an ethnomedicinal plant rich in flavonoids and phenolic contents. In India & Nepal, DP is a common ingredient of traditional medicines used to treat multiple ailments like inflammation, cancer, and diabetes. However, its protective role a...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Non-Persistence With Antiplatelet Medications Among Older Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease
Conclusion: In patients with an increased probability of non-persistence, an increased attention should be paid to improvement of persistence.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 19, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Direct Oral Anticoagulants: From Randomized Clinical Trials to Real-World Clinical Practice
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are a more manageable alternative than vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) to prevent stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and to prevent and treat venous thromboembolism. Despite their widespread use in clinical practice, there are still some unresolved issues on optimizing their use in particular clinical settings. Herein, we reviewed the current clinical evidence on uses of DOACs from pharmacology and clinical indications to safety and practical issues such as drugs and food interactions. Dabigatran is the DOAC most affected by interactions with drugs and food, although all...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 26, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Mechanisms of Modulation of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Central Nervous System Diseases
Ferroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death characterized by intracellular iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxide and primarily associated with iron metabolism, glutathione-dependent pathway, and coenzyme Q10-dependent pathway. Recent studies demonstrate that ferroptosis is associated with central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. This review summarizes the key regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in CNS diseases. These updates may provide novel perspective for the development of therapeutical agents against CNS diseases.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Primaquine Diphosphate, a Known Antimalarial Drug, Blocks Vascular Leakage Acting Through Junction Stabilization
Endothelial barrier integrity is important for vascular homeostasis, and hyperpermeability participates in the progression of many pathological states, such as diabetic retinopathy, ischemic stroke, chronic bowel disease, and inflammatory disease. Here, using drug repositioning, we discovered that primaquine diphosphate (PD), previously known as an antimalarial drug, was a potential blocker of vascular leakage. PD inhibited the linear pattern of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)-induced disruption at the cell boundaries, blocked the formation of VEGF-induced actin stress fibers, and stabilized the cortactin actin ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Potential Disease-Modifying Effects of Lithium Carbonate in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1
Conclusion: Lithium is a potential therapeutic option for NP-C1 patients. Larger randomized and double-blind clinical trials are needed to further support this finding.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03201627.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 9, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Physician –Pharmacist Collaborative Clinic Model to Improve Anticoagulation Quality in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Receiving Warfarin: An Analysis of Time in Therapeutic Range and a Nomogram Development
Conclusion: The PPCC model contributed to improved anticoagulation quality in AF patients receiving warfarin. The nomogram might be an effective tool to predict anticoagulation quality and could aid physicians and pharmacists in the selection of patients who will likely benefit from sustained and active intervention.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 9, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Mildly Increased Renin Expression in the Absence of Kidney Injury in the Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction Model
Cardiorenal syndrome type 2 is characterized by kidney failure as a consequence of heart failure that affects >50% of heart failure patients. Murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a heart failure model, where pressure overload is induced on the heart without any systemic hypertension or its consequences. Whether renal function is altered in this model is debated, and if so, at which time post-TAC renal dysfunction starts to contribute to worsening of cardiac function. We therefore studied the effects of progressive heart failure development on kidney function in the absence of chronically elevated systemic bloo...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-Inflammatory Dipeptide, a Metabolite from Ambioba Secretion, Protects Cerebral Ischemia Injury by Blocking Apoptosis Via p-JNK/Bax Pathway
This study further investigated the neuroprotective effect of MQ in ischemic brain damage. Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the brain was induced in the rat model by middle cerebral artery occlusion. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining assay was used to measure cerebral infarction areas in rats. Laser Doppler measurement instrument was used to detect blood flow changes in the rat model. Nissl staining and NeuN staining were utilized to observe the numbers and structures of neuron cells, and the pathological changes in the brain tissues were examined by hematoxylin–eosin staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transfer...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 18, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Baicalin Attenuates Oxygen –Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation–Induced Injury by Modulating the BDNF-TrkB/PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk1/2 Signaling Axes in Neuron–Astrocyte Cocultures
Conclusion: The neuroprotective effects of baicalin against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were improved by astrocytes, mainly mediated by increasing the release of BDNF and its associated receptor TrkB and downstream signaling regulators PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 21, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Impaired Clinical Efficacy of Aspirin in Hypoalbuminemic Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Conclusion: In T2DM patients, the efficacy of aspirin varies according to albumin levels. Hypoalbuminemia associated with impaired TxB2 inhibition and an increased risk of long-term CVEs.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Exploring the Regulatory Mechanism of Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim.-Chuanxiong Rhizoma Compound on HIF-VEGF Pathway and Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury ’s Biological Network Based on Systematic Pharmacology
Conclusion: HCC may play a therapeutic role by regulating CIR-related targets, biological processes and signaling pathways found on this study.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - June 25, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Research Progress on Catalpol as Treatment for Atherosclerosis
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease are common diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates and must be addressed. Their most frequent complications, including myocardial infarction and stroke, are caused by spontaneous thrombotic occlusion and are the most frequent cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most widespread underlying pathological change for the above diseases. Therefore, drugs that interfere with this pathophysiological process must be incorporated in the treatment. Chinese traditional and herbal drugs can effectively treat AS. With...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - July 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
