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Source: European Respiratory Journal
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Total 303 results found since Jan 2013.
Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of hemodynamic effects of applying bilevel positive airway pressure
Conclusion: The cardiopulmonary and interventricular repercussions by echocardiography, were expressed by reducing the left ventricular preload and increasing the biventricular preload, stroke volume, and cardiac output, ensuring increased tidal volume and blood oxygenation.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vinhal, G., Prates, B., Cunha, T., Silva, L., Araujo, L., Melo, D., Lopes, C. Tags: 2.2 Noninvasive Ventilatory Support Source Type: research
OSA results in nocturnal cerebral hypoxia which is prevented by CPAP - Data from a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions: CPAP therapy withdrawal – and thus recurrence of OSA – results in intermittent and sustained nocturnal cerebral tissue deoxygenation to a degree reported to cause functional impairment. These findings suggest that patients with untreated OSA are at increased risk of nocturnal cerebral damage, a threat than can be prevented by CPAP therapy.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schwarz, E. I., Furian, M., Schlatzer, C., Stradling, J. R., Kohler, M., Bloch, K. E. Tags: 4.2 Sleep and Control of Breathing Source Type: research
Assessing the role of cerebral autoregulation during intrathoracic pressure changes by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
Changes in intrathoracic pressure in obstructive sleep apnea have strong intermittent effects on oxygenation of hemoglobin and left ventricular stroke volume. While compensatory systemic mechanisms are well studied the role of cerebral autoregulation remains essentially unknown. We aimed to compare hemodynamic response in muscle and brain assessed by NIRS during Valsalva- and Müller- maneuvers (VM respectively MM) and thereby describing the role of cerebral autoregulation.In five healthy adults cerebral and muscular NIRS and esophageal pressure (EP) were continuously measured during normal breathing, two VM (EP +15...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Laures, M., Bolz, N., Zhang, Z., Mensen, A., Schmidt, C., Khatami, R. Tags: 4.2 Sleep and Control of Breathing Source Type: research
Left ventricular systolic torsion is correlated to right ventricular dilation in pulmonary hypertension patients
Conclusion: We concluded that left ventricular torsion which plays a key role in left ventricular systolic function and stroke volume is affected in PH patients with MPAP higher than 35 mmHg and is correlated to right ventricular dilation.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lamia, B., Molano, L. C., Cuvelier, A., Viacroze, C., Muir, J.-F. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Disease Source Type: research
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Study to understand mortality and morbidIty in COPD (SUMMIT)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recognized as having significant systemic manifestations associated with increased mortality and morbidity (Agusti, Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005;2:367-70), in particular cardiovascular (CV) disease. More patients with moderate COPD die from lung cancer and CV diseases than from COPD (Calverley, N Engl J Med 2007;356:775-89).Post-hoc analyses from the TORCH study suggest an inhaled corticosteroid/long acting beta2 agonist (ICS/LABA) combination may reduce mortality and CV events (e.g. acute coronary syndrome [ACS] and stroke) in patients with moderate COPD (≥50% predicted FEV1) ...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vestbo, J., Anderson, J., Brook, R. D., Calverley, P., Celli, B., Crim, C., Martinez, F., Yates, J., Newby, D. Tags: 1.1 Clinical Problems Source Type: research
Acute exacerbation in COPD: we must do more
If one asks medical students which emergencies they hold as especially important in internal medicine, more than 90% first mention myocardial infarction and stroke. This is not surprising, because these diseases occupy the first places in the mortality statistics contained in the Global Burden of Disease report [1]. Nevertheless, respiratory failure is only described as rare, despite the fact that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is ranked fifth and pneumonia seventh in the same report. While the high hospital mortality rate of myocardial infarction and stroke is well known, the risk of acute exacerbation of CO...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 31, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Welte, T. Tags: COPD and smoking Editorials Source Type: research
The effect of sex and age on the comorbidity burden of OSA: an observational analysis from a large nationwide US health claims database
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a highly prevalent condition but studies exploring the burden of OSA-associated comorbidities have been limited by small sample sizes with underrepresentation of women.
We queried the Truven Health MarketScan Research Databases 2003–2012, which is a collection of health insurance claims for working adults and retirees with employer-sponsored health insurance. Adults with a diagnostic code for OSA with at least 12 months of follow-up from the index date of OSA diagnosis were compared to a matched random sample. Comorbidities were assessed using International Classification of Dis...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - March 31, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mokhlesi, B., Ham, S. A., Gozal, D. Tags: Sleep medicine Original Articles: Sleep Source Type: research
Concurrent use of long-acting bronchodilators in COPD and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events: A population-based study
In conclusion, the addition of a second long-acting bronchodilator in the real world setting treatment of COPD does not increase the risk of most cardiovascular events. The modest increase for heart failure may be due to residual confounding by indication and needs further investigation.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Suissa, S., Dell'Aniello, S., Ernst, P. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research
Prevalence of common diseases in COPD patients versus lung-healthy control subjects: Results from the German COSYCONET study
COSYCONET investigates the interrelationship of COPD and comorbidities with regard to course and prognosis of the disease. The present analysis examined the prevalence of selected common diseases in the COPD cohort compared to apparently lung-healthy subjects from the population-based reference cohorts KORA and SHIP.Spirometry was performed in all subjects and COPD patients were graded according to GOLD criteria. Subjects from KORA/SHIP without known COPD, asthma or chronic bronchitis and with FEV1/FVC≥0.7 were regarded as apparently lung-healthy. Prevalences of myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, obe...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Karrasch, S., Obst, A., Söhler, S., Thorand, B., Huth, C., Ladwig, K.-H., Flexeder, C., Wacker, M., Peters, A., Heinrich, J., Ewert, R., Nowak, D., Jörres, R. A., Vogelmeier, C., Gläser, S., Schulz, H., COSYCONET Study Group Tags: 6.1 Epidemiology Source Type: research
Idiopathic and systemic sclerosis-associated PAH: A comprehensive haemodynamic and radiological comparison
Conclusion: Survival differences are not just due to age and may reflect differences in pulmonary vasculopathy and RV adaptation to increased afterload.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ramjug, S., Hussein, N., Billings, C., Charalampopoulos, A., Elliot, C., Kiely, D., Lawrie, A., Rajaram, S., Swift, A., Wild, J., Condliffe, R. Tags: 4.3 Pulmonary Circulation and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Source Type: research
Improving anticoagulation practice in respiratory patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
The objectives were to Identify respiratory patients with non-valvular AF. In those already anti-coagulated, we aimed identify which anticoagulant was in use. In appropriate patients not previously anticoagulated and new paroxysmal AF patients, we determined whether the patient was anti-coagulated by the respiratory firm.Data was collected directly from patient casenotes on two respiratory wards in November 2015 and February 2016. There were 24 patients with included in the first round of data collection, and 26 in the second.Anticoagulation coverage of patients with non-valvular AF was intitally poor (20%). Furthermore, d...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pugh, A., Campbell, C. Tags: 1.13 Clinical Problems - Other Source Type: research
Long-acting bronchodilator initiation in COPD and cardio-pulmonary risks: A population-based comparative effectiveness study
Long-acting bronchodilators, including long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) and the anticholinergic tiotropium, are recommended as initial maintenance treatment in COPD, though their risk on cardio-pulmonary events remains uncertain in real world settings. We assessed whether treatment initiation with tiotropium increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, heart failure, arrhythmia and pneumonia, relative to a LABA.We identified all new users of a long-acting bronchodilator during 2002-2012, age 55 or older, from the United Kingdom's Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Each patient who initiated tiotropiu...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Suissa, S., Dell'Aniello, S., Ernst, P. Tags: 5.1 Airway Pharmacology and Treatment Source Type: research
Concurrent use of long-acting bronchodilators in COPD and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events
The cardiovascular risk of concurrently using long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and anticholinergics (LAMAs) in COPD is uncertain. We assessed the comparative cardiovascular and cerebrovascular safety of adding a second long-acting bronchodilator in patients with COPD.
We identified a cohort of COPD patients, new users of LABA or the LAMA tiotropium during 2002–2012, from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Using high-dimensional propensity scores, each patient adding a second bronchodilator was matched with a patient who remained on monotherapy. Patients were followed for 1 year for the occurrence of...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - May 23, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Suissa, S., Dell'Aniello, S., Ernst, P. Tags: COPD and smoking Original Articles: COPD Source Type: research
Clinical screening of oropharyngeal dysphagia: standard of care
We read with interest the paper by Verin et al. [1] related to oropharyngeal dysphagia and its importance in institutionalised neurological and head and neck patients, between others. Furthermore, this is a very common problem in the critical and intermediate care settings, and a similar situation occurs with other acute neurological diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral trauma, post-neurosurgical procedures and toxic metabolic encephalopathies [2, 3]. The authors emphasised the necessity of identifying risks factors for aspiration early and suggested that clinical screening methods are needed to r...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Caviedes, I., Fernandez-Bussy, S., Labarca, G., Herth, F. J. F. Tags: Respiratory clinical practice Original Articles: Correspondence Source Type: research
Characterization of sociodemographic and health characteristics of USA adults with frequent respiratory symptoms
Conclusion: Our population-based data provides insight into relationships among frequent respiratory symptoms, chronic diseases, and sociodemographics.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pleasants, R., Heidari, K., Ohar, J., Lugogo, N., Donohue, J., Strange, C., Mannino, D. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research
