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Source: Neuroscience Letters
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Total 146 results found since Jan 2013.
The role of TRP channels in white matter function and ischaemia
Publication date: Available online 23 October 2018Source: Neuroscience LettersAuthor(s): Marion Cornillot, Vincenzo Giacco, Nicola B. HamiltonAbstractTransient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are a large family of tetrameric non-selective cation channels that are widely expressed in the grey and white matter of the CNS, and are increasingly considered as potential therapeutic targets in brain disorders. Here we briefly review the evidence for TRP channel expression in glial cells and their possible role in both glial cell physiology and stroke. Despite their contribution to important functions, our understanding of the r...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - October 24, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
BrdU-induced Hyperlocomotion in the Stroked Rat
In this study, we investigated the effect of BrdU injections on locomotor behavior in a rodent model of ischemic stroke. Ischemic strokes were induced in adult rats, and 50 mg/kg BrdU was intraperitoneally injected over 5 days beginning 2 weeks post-stroke, while control animals received vehicle. Locomotor activity was evaluated by videotaping the rats in their home cages for 30 min, beginning one hour after BrdU injection. BrdU-injected rats showed a nearly three-fold increase in locomotor activity compared to control animals. These findings suggest that BrdU induces a hyperlocomotor effect in rats following brain inj...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - March 8, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Investigation of the novel mTOR inhibitor AZD2014 in neuronal ischemia
ConclusionAZD2014 was detrimental to neurons that underwent ischemia. AZD2014 appeared to reduce hamartin, a known neuroprotective mediator, thereby preventing any beneficial effects of mTOR inhibition. Further characterization of the role of individual mTOR complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) and their upstream and downstream regulators are necessary to reveal whether these pathways are neuroprotective targets for stroke.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - May 15, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Effects of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor on cerebral angiogenesis in a rat model of cerebral ischemia
In conclusion, our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of MANF in promoting functional recovery from ischemic stroke. Our results suggest that MANF improves neurobehavioral recovery from cerebral ischemic injury, and that this effect is mediated partly by its proangiogenic effects and augmentation of rCBF, which are possibly associated with VEGF.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - November 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Found in Translation: The Rationale Behind the Early Development of Glibenclamide in Large Hemispheric Infarction
Publication date: Available online 2 December 2019Source: Neuroscience LettersAuthor(s): Sven M. Jacobson, Thomas W. MacAllister, David M. GeliebterAbstractMany reasons have been put forth to explain the inability to translate neuroprotection in animal stroke models to humans. Following our determination that glibenclamide is an anti-edema drug, not a neuroprotective drug, and the revelation that the “gold standard” middle cerebral artery occlusion used for animal studies models large hemispheric infarction, a subpopulation of ischemic stroke that develops clinically relevant edema that contributes significantly to poo...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - December 4, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Acupuncture improves locomotor function by enhancing GABA receptor expression in transient focal cerebral ischemia rats
Publication date: 19 February 2015 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 588 Author(s): Qian Xu , Jing-Wen Yang , Yan Cao , Li-Wen Zhang , Xiang-Hong Zeng , Fang Li , Si-Qi Du , Lin-Peng Wang , Cun-Zhi Liu Stroke is the major cause of long-term disability among adults. Recent studies have found that GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission plays a vital role in ameliorate locomotor damage after ischemic injury. Acupuncture has been widely used to improve locomotor function. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study is designed to investigate whether GABA and GABA receptors are involved in the mecha...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - January 8, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on naming and cortical excitability in stroke patients with aphasia
This study aimed to investigate the effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) over the left posterior perisylvian region (PPR) on picture naming and cortical excitability measured with electroencephalography (EEG) nonlinear dynamics analysis (NDA) in aphasic patients. Twelve aphasic patients received 20 sessions of speech-language therapy during each of three phases: sham tDCS (Phase A1); A-tDCS to the left PPR (Phase B); and sham tDCS (Phase A2). Picture naming and auditory word-picture identification were measured before and after each phase. The EEG nonlinear index of approximate entropy (ApEn) ...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - January 25, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Ebselen reduces autophagic activation and cell death in the ipsilateral thalamus following focal cerebral infarctio.
This study aimed to investigate whether oxidative stress is associated with autophagy activation within the ipsilateral thalamus after distal MCAO. Sixty stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats were subjected to distal MCAO or sham operation, and were killed at 14 days after MCAO. Mn-SOD, LC3-II, Beclin-1 and p62 expression were evaluated by immunostaining and immunoblotting. Secondary damage in the thalamus was assessed with Nissl staining and immunostaining. The association of oxidative stress with autophagy activation was investigated by the antioxidant, ebselen. We found that treatment with ebselen at 24h after MCA...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 26, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Association between two promoter polymorphisms (rs1893219 and rs1893220) of MC2R gene and intracerebral hemorrhage in Korean population
Publication date: 18 August 2015 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 602 Author(s): Hyun-Kyung Park , Jinmann Chon , Hae Jeong Park , Joo-Ho Chung , Hyung Hwan Baik The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis has an important role in the pathogenesis of stroke. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), also known as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor, were associated with the development of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in Korean population. Two promoter SNPs [rs1893219 (−853A/G) and rs1893220 (−759G/T)] were genotyped in 145 ICH patients and 331...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuroprotective effects of bisperoxovanadium on cerebral ischemia by inflammation inhibition
In conclusions, Bpv treatment demonstrates neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury of ischemic stroke rats and is associated with its modulation of inflammatory mediator production and up-regulation of PTEN downstream proteins PI3K, Akt and p-GSK-3β.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
siRNA mediated down-regulation of Sprouty2/4 diminishes ischemic brain injury
In this study, siRNAs directed against Sprouty2 and -4 were stereotactically injected along with the vasoconstrictive peptide endothelin-1 to create cortical infarcts in the adult rat brain. A single injection of Sprouty2/4 siRNAs (25μM each) significantly decreased Spry2 and Spry4 mRNA levels two days later and diminished the size of the injury area in the subchronic phase following vasoconstriction. Reducing Spry2/4 genetically in mice is neuroprotective and stimulates injury-induced astrogliosis which limits neuronal cell death and lesion size. The present results are consistent with the established functions of negati...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - December 4, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Clostridium butyricum pretreatment attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis
This study aims to determine whether Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) could attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its possible mechanisms. Male ICR mice were intragastrically pretreated with C. butyricum for 2 successive weeks, and then subjected to cerebral I/R injury induced by the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 20min. After 24h of the reperfusion, neurological deficit scores were evaluated. Histopathological changes of the hippocampus neurons were observed using Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and TUNEL staining. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (S...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - January 13, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Inhibition of chemokine-like factor 1 improves blood-brain barrier dysfunction in rats following focal cerebral ischemia
The objective of present study was to investigate the role of CKLF1 on BBB integrity by applying anti-CKLF1 antibodies in rat focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model. Brain water content, Evans blue leakage and the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin were measured. After treatment with anti-CKLF1 antibody, brain water content and Evans blue leakage in ipsilateral hemisphere were decreased in a dose-dependent manner at 24h after reperfusion, but not changed in contralateral hemisphere. Anti-CKLF1 antibody reduced the expression of AQP-4 and MMP-...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 18, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Ionotropic glutamate receptor expression in human white matter
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Pia Crone Christensen, Zahra Samadi-Bahrami, Vlady Pavlov, Peter K. Stys, G.R. Wayne Moore Glutamate is the key excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS). Its role in human grey matter transmission is well understood, but this is less clear in white matter (WM). Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) are found on both neuronal cell bodies and glia as well as on myelinated axons in rodents, and rodent WM tissue is capable of glutamate release. Thus, rodent WM expresses many of the components of the traditional ...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 25, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Thrombin preferentially induces autophagy in glia cells in the rat central nervous system
Publication date: 6 September 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 630 Author(s): Shukun Hu, Gang Wu, Xin Ding, Yi Zhang Autophagy widely occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In our previous study, we demonstrated that thrombin, a serine protease produced after hematoma, contributes to ICH-induced autophagy. However, whether thrombin plays a neuronal and/or astrocytic role in autophagy induction is largely unknown. Here, we examined the autophagic role of thrombin on neurons and glia cells, respectively. In vivo, we found that intracaudate injection of thrombin specifically elevated the astrocytic express...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
