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Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

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Total 207 results found since Jan 2013.

The AngioVac Device and Its Anesthetic Implications
ALTHOUGH THE EXACT incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not known, about 1 million cases are reported in the United States each year,1 and VTE is the third most frequent cardiovascular disease after myocardial infarction and stroke.2 The term VTE encompasses both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).3 DVT may be found in any location, with the lower extremities being the most common site. Once formed, venous thrombi either remain in the peripheral veins, undergo endogenous fibrinolysis and recanalization, or embolize to the pulmonary arteries and cause PE.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 18, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Harish Ram, Rebecca M. Gerlach, Antonio Hernandez Conte, Danny Ramzy, Ashley R. Jaramillo-Huff, Neal S. Gerstein Tags: Emerging Technology Review Source Type: research

Serum copeptin levels as predictor of cognitive dysfunction after carotid endarterectomy
The incidence of cognitive dysfunction (CD) after carotid surgery is about 10-28%. Copeptin is the C-terminal fragment of provasopressin and is presumably co-secreted with arginine vasopressin from the hypothalamus. Copeptin levels have also been found to be elevated in ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of postoperative serum copeptin level in the occurrence of CD in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - April 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Dragana Unic-Stojanovic, V Maravic-Stojkovic, D Radak, N Aleksic, P Gajin, B Milicic, S Tanaskovic, M Jovic Tags: Oral Presentations 207Thursday, 20 April 201708:30 - 10:30, Auditorium 3 Source Type: research

The influence of mean arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebral complications
Stroke and postoperative cognitive dysfunction are common complications after cardiac surgery. Furthermore, silent strokes detected by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) have been reported in up to 50% of cardiac surgery patients. The majority of these lesions seems to be caused by emboli, but other mechanisms may induce hypoperfusion and consequently lead to tissue ischaemia. A few randomised controlled trials have previously investigated the influence of mean arterial pressure (MAP) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on cardiac and neurological endpoints with diverging results.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - April 1, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Anne Gr ønborg Vedel, F Holmgaard, L Rasmussen, A Langkilde, OB Paulson, PS Olsen, T Lange, HB Ravn, JC Nilsson Source Type: research

Inefficacy of Platelet Transfusion in a Heart Transplant Patient Under Continuous Ticagrelor
Antiplatelet agents have a predominant role in the therapeutic treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and myocardial infarction. Recently, ticagrelor has been incorporated in the European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of ACS with ST elevation and non-ST elevation.1 The AHA/ACC guidelines further advocate the choice of ticagrelor over clopidogrel in patients with ACS with non-ST elevation treated with an early invasive strategy.2 In fact, major studies have proven the benefits of ticagrelor on cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke without an increase in major bleeding risk.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - June 15, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Laura Filaire, Dat T. Pham, Nicolas d ’Ostrevy, Huyen T. Tran, Lionel Camilleri, Kasra Azarnoush Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Statins Losing Their Luster?
STATINS HAVE NUMEROUS intriguing and potentially desirable pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects that may clinically benefit patients undergoing cardiac surgery with/without cardiopulmonary bypass.1,2 Suggested clinical benefits include decreased postoperative morbidity (renal dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, stroke, infection) as well as decreased in-hospital mortality. While suppressing perioperative inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery appears to make sense, nothing is ever as simple as it seems.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - September 19, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Richa Dhawan, Mark A. Chaney Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Efficacy and Efficiency of Perioperative Stellate Ganglion Blocks in Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study
Nationally, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in up to 40% of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 50% of patients after valve surgery, 64% of patients after mitral valve and CABG, and 49% after aortic valve replacement.1 Atrial fibrillation worsens a patient ’s hemodynamic status and increases the risk of congestive heart failure, embolic events, and longer intensive care unit stays, leading to increased patient morbidity and strain on financial resources. In the United States, POAF carries a higher risk of stroke, worsened survival, and an additional 4.9 days and $10,000 to $11,500 in hospital stay costs.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - November 20, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Christopher W. Connors, Wendy Y. Craig, Scott A. Buchanan, Justin M. Poltak, James B. Gagnon, Craig S. Curry Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium in Cardiac Surgery: Implications for Prophylaxis Against Atrial Fibrillation
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common cardiovascular complication in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The risk of POAF depends on the type of procedure, and ranges from 30% in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery to 50% in those undergoing combined procedures. Patients who develop POAF have an increased risk of a number of other complications, including stroke and a prolonged hospital stay, and have a higher risk of death during long-term follow-up.1 The precise mechanism of POAF is unknown, but it is obvious that numerous preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors might...
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - December 4, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Vladimir V. Lomivorotov, Sergey M. Efremov, Alexander M. Karaskov Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Perioperative Management of Pheochromocytoma Resection in a Patient With Severe Aortic Stenosis
PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA IS A rare catecholamine-secreting tumor composed of chromaffin tissue arising from the adrenal medulla. Surgical resection is a high-risk procedure and remains a clinical challenge for anesthesiologists and surgeons. There is potential for massive and sudden changes in catecholamine release resulting in significant hemodynamic effects, which in turn can lead to devastating cardiac and neurologic complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or death. Advances in medical management and anesthetic and surgical techniques have led to improved surgical outcomes.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - December 21, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Jagroop Singh Saran, Jacob Moalem, Luke Schoeniger, Konstantine Tzimas Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Unexpected Findings in a Man with a Repaired Type A Aortic Dissection and a New Stroke
A 67-YEAR-OLD, 82-kg, 175cm man presented to the authors ’ institution for evaluation of new right-sided facial droop, dysarthria, and expressive aphasia. The patient reported that he had been in his usual state of health the previous evening, but awoke the morning of admission with slurred speech. He called his daughter who confirmed his symptoms and t ransported him to the emergency department. He denied fever, chills, malaise, weight loss, confusion, memory deficits, and other neurological symptoms.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - January 10, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Paul S. Pagel, Wayne A. Hendrix, Michael T. Cain, Ahmed K.Y. Ali, Gina Muscato, Charan Mungara, Chris Rokkas Tags: Diagnostic Dilemma Source Type: research

Total Intravenous Versus Volatile Induction and Maintenance of Anesthesia in Elective Carotid Endarterectomy: Effects on Cerebral Oxygenation and Cognitive Functions
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is effective for the prevention of stroke, yet can be associated with a postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) that may be affected by the type of anesthesia. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol to volatile induction and maintenance of anesthesia (VIMA) with sevoflurane on cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) and POCD.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - February 2, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Vsevolod V. Kuzkov, Maxim Y. Obraztsov, Oleg Y. Ivashchenko, Nadezhda Y. Ivashchenko, Valery M. Gorenkov, Mikhail Y. Kirov Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Volatile Anesthesia for Carotid Endarterectomy: Friend or Foe for the Brain?
DESPITE SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS in the management of patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke remains the second leading cause of death worldwide.1 Ischemic strokes account for 87% of all strokes, whereas 10% result from intracerebral hemorrhage, and 3% are subarachnoid hemorrhage strokes.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - February 22, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Vladimir V. Lomivorotov, Vladimir A. Shmyrev, Gleb B. Moroz Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Anesthesia Matters: In Pursuit of the Interventions that Affect Outcomes in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
FOR THE LAST 15 years, clinical research into transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was focused chiefly on device technology, periprocedural imaging, and patient selection.1 –3 Early challenges included vascular access, valve positioning, and valve performace.4,5 The time and resources dedicated to the study of these areas have led to a better understanding of which patient should get which procedure and prosthesis, resulting in improvements in outcomes including deat h, stroke, and recovery that now match or exceed surgical aortic valve replacement.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - March 2, 2018 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Peter J. Neuburger, Prakash A. Patel Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

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