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Specialty: Internal Medicine
Source: PLoS Medicine

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Total 74 results found since Jan 2013.

Association between Class III Obesity (BMI of 40–59 kg/m2) and Mortality: A Pooled Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies
Conclusions Class III obesity is associated with substantially elevated rates of total mortality, with most of the excess deaths due to heart disease, cancer, and diabetes, and major reductions in life expectancy compared with normal weight.Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Source: PLoS Medicine - July 8, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Cari M. Kitahara et al. Source Type: research

The Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Cost Essential Antihypertensive Medicines for Hypertension Control in China: A Modelling Study
Conclusions Expanded hypertension treatment has the potential to prevent about 800,000 cardiovascular disease events annually and be borderline cost-effective in China, provided low-cost essential antihypertensive medicines programs can be implemented.
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 4, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Dongfeng Gu et al. Source Type: research

Investigating the Causal Relationship of C-Reactive Protein with 32 Complex Somatic and Psychiatric Outcomes: A Large-Scale Cross-Consortium Mendelian Randomization Study
by Bram. P. Prins, Ali Abbasi, Anson Wong, Ahmad Vaez, Ilja Nolte, Nora Franceschini, Philip E. Stuart, Javier Guterriez Achury, Vanisha Mistry, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Ana M. Valdes, Jose Bras, Aleksey Shatunov, PAGE Consortium , International Stroke Genetics Consortium , Systemic Sclerosis consortium , Treat OA consortium , DIAGRAM Consortium , CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Consortium , ALS consortium , International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium , Autism Spectrum Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , CKDGen consortium , GERAD1 Consortium , International Consortium for Blood Pressure , Schizophre...
Source: PLoS Medicine - June 20, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Bram. P. Prins Source Type: research

Risks and Population Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Diabetes in China: A Prospective Study of 0.5 Million Adults
Conclusions Among Chinese adults, diabetes is associated with significantly increased risks of major cardiovascular diseases. The increasing prevalence and younger age of onset of diabetes foreshadow greater diabetes-attributable disease burden in China.
Source: PLoS Medicine - July 4, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Fiona Bragg Source Type: research

Orthostatic Hypotension and the Long-Term Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Study
ConclusionsIn this population predominantly of European descent, OH was associated with an increase in long-term risk of dementia.
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 10, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Frank J. Wolters Source Type: research

Circulating Apolipoprotein E Concentration and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Meta-analysis of Results from Three Studies
We examined the association of circulating ApoE with cardiovascular risk factors in the two population-based studies (ELSA and NPHSII) and the relationship between ApoE concentration and coronary heart disease and stroke in all three studies. Analyses were carried out within study, and, where appropriate, pooled effect estimates were derived using meta-analysis. In the population-based samples, circulating ApoE was associated with systolic blood pressure (correlation coefficient 0.08,p
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 17, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Reecha Sofat Source Type: research

Patterns and temporal trends of comorbidity among adult patients with incident cardiovascular disease in the UK between 2000 and 2014: A population-based cohort study
ConclusionsThe burden of multimorbidity and comorbidity in patients with incident non-fatal CVD increased between 2000 and 2014. On average, older patients, women, and socioeconomically deprived groups had higher numbers of comorbidities, but the type of comorbidities varied by age and sex. Cardiometabolic conditions contributed substantially to the burden, but 4 out of the 10 top comorbidities were non-cardiometabolic. The current single-disease paradigm in CVD management needs to broaden and incorporate the large and increasing burden of comorbidities.
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 6, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jenny Tran Source Type: research

Validation of a genetic risk score for atrial fibrillation: A prospective multicenter cohort study
ConclusionsProspective assessment of a GRS for AF identified participants with elevated risk of AF beyond established clinical criteria. Accordingly, a GRS for AF could be incorporated into overall risk assessment to better identify patients at the highest risk of developing AF, although further testing in larger populations is needed to confirm these findings. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01970969
Source: PLoS Medicine - March 13, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Evan D. Muse Source Type: research

Fixed-dose combination antihypertensive medications, adherence, and clinical outcomes: A population-based retrospective cohort study
by Amol A. Verma, Wayne Khuu, Mina Tadrous, Tara Gomes, Muhammad M. Mamdani BackgroundThe majority of people with hypertension require more than one medication to achieve blood pressure control. Many patients are prescribed multipill antihypertensive regimens rather than single-pill fixed-dose combination (FDC) treatment. Although FDC use may improve medication adherence, the impact on patient outcomes is unclear. We compared clinical outcomes and medication adherence with FDC therapy versus multipill combination therapy in a real-world setting using linked clinical and administrative databases. Methods and findingsWe cond...
Source: PLoS Medicine - June 11, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Amol A. Verma Source Type: research

Metabolic syndrome and risk of Parkinson disease: A nationwide cohort study
by Ga Eun Nam, Seon Mee Kim, Kyungdo Han, Nan Hee Kim, Hye Soo Chung, Jin Wook Kim, Byoungduck Han, Sung Jung Cho, Ji Hee Yu, Yong Gyu Park, Kyung Mook Choi BackgroundThe association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the development of Parkinson disease (PD) is currently unclear. We sought to determine whether MetS and its components are associated with the risk of incident PD using large-scale cohort data for the whole South Korean population. Methods and findingsHealth checkup data of 17,163,560 individuals aged ≥40 years provided by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) of South Korea between January 1, 2009, a...
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 21, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ga Eun Nam Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes genetic loci informed by multi-trait associations point to disease mechanisms and subtypes: A soft clustering analysis
ConclusionOur approach identifies salient T2D genetically anchored and physiologically informed pathways, and supports the use of genetics to deconstruct T2D heterogeneity. Classification of patients by these genetic pathways may offer a step toward genetically informed T2D patient management.
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 21, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Miriam S. Udler Source Type: research

Nilvadipine in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: A randomised controlled trial
This study reports the findings of the first large-scale Phase III investigator-driven clinical trial to slow the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease with a dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blocker, nilvadipine. Nilvadipine, licensed to treat hypertension, reduces amyloid production, increases regional cerebral blood flow, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-tau activity in preclinical studies, properties that could have disease-modifying effects for Alzheimer disease. We aimed to determine if nilvadipine was effective in slowing cognitive decline in subjects with mild to moderate Alzheimer dise...
Source: PLoS Medicine - September 24, 2018 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Brian Lawlor Source Type: research

Variation of all-cause and cause-specific mortality with body mass index in one million Swedish parent-son pairs: An instrumental variable analysis
ConclusionsConsistent with previous large-scale meta-analyses and reviews, results supported the causal role of higher BMI in increasing the risk of several common causes of death, including cancers with increasing global incidence. We also found positive effects of BMI on mortality from respiratory disease, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, which has been inconsistently reported in the literature, suggesting that the causal role of higher BMI in mortality from these diseases may be underestimated. Furthermore, we expect different patterns of bias in the current observational and IV analyses; therefore, the similarities be...
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 8, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kaitlin H. Wade Source Type: research

Characterization of Parkinson ’s disease using blood-based biomarkers: A multicohort proteomic analysis
ConclusionsIn this study, we found that the blood-based biomarkers BSP, OMD, ACY1, and GHR robustly associated with PD across multiple clinical sites. Our findings suggest that biomarkers based on a peripheral blood sample may be developed for both disease characterization and prediction of future disease progression in PD.
Source: PLoS Medicine - October 10, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Marijan Posavi Source Type: research