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Variable Intensive Early Walking Poststroke (VIEWS): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Conclusion. Variable intensive stepping training resulted in greater improvements in walking ability than conventional interventions early poststroke. Future studies should evaluate the relative contributions of these training parameters.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - May 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Hornby, T. G., Holleran, C. L., Hennessy, P. W., Leddy, A. L., Connolly, M., Camardo, J., Woodward, J., Mahtani, G., Lovell, L., Roth, E. J. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

The Specific Requirements of Neural Repair Trials for Stroke
Novel molecular, cellular, and pharmacological therapies to stimulate repair of sensorimotor circuits after stroke are entering clinical trials. Compared with acute neuroprotection and thrombolysis studies, clinical trials for repair in subacute and chronic hemiplegic participants have a different time course for delivery of an intervention, different mechanisms of action within the milieu of the injury, distinct relationships to the amount of physical activity and skills practice of participants, and need to include more refined outcome measures. This review examines the biological interaction of targeted rehabilitation w...
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - May 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Dobkin, B. H., Carmichael, S. T. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Enduring Poststroke Motor Functional Improvements by a Well-Timed Combination of Motor Rehabilitative Training and Cortical Stimulation in Rats
Conclusion. CS can enhance the persistence, as well as the magnitude of RT-driven functional improvements, but its effectiveness in doing so may vary with time postinfarct.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: OBryant, A. J., Adkins, D. L., Sitko, A. A., Combs, H. L., Nordquist, S. K., Jones, T. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Cortical Stimulation Concurrent With Skilled Motor Training Improves Forelimb Function and Enhances Motor Cortical Reorganization Following Controlled Cortical Impact
Conclusions. These data suggest that CS may be useful for improving rehabilitation efficacy after TBI but also raise the possibility that the CS parameters that are highly effective following stroke are suboptimal after moderate/severe TBI.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jefferson, S. C., Clayton, E. R., Donlan, N. A., Kozlowski, D. A., Jones, T. A., Adkins, D. L. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Effects of Subdural Monopolar Cortical Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitative Training on Behavioral and Neurophysiological Recovery After Cortical Ischemic Stroke in Adult Squirrel Monkeys
Conclusions. Results suggest that the specific parameters utilized here were not optimal for promoting behavioral recovery in nonhuman primates. Though CS/RT has consistently shown efficacy in rat stroke models, the present finding has cautionary implications for translation of CS/RT therapy to clinical populations.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Plautz, E. J., Barbay, S., Frost, S. B., Zoubina, E. V., Stowe, A. M., Dancause, N., Eisner-Janowicz, I., Bury, S. D., Taylor, M. D., Nudo, R. J. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Enhanced Motor Recovery After Stroke With Combined Cortical Stimulation and Rehabilitative Training Is Dependent on Infarct Location
Conclusions. The efficacy of CS for enhancing motor recovery after stroke may depend in part on the extent and location of the ischemic infarct.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - January 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Boychuk, J. A., Schwerin, S. C., Thomas, N., Roger, A., Silvera, G., Liverpool, M., Adkins, D. L., Kleim, J. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Motor Cortex and Motor Cortical Interhemispheric Communication in Walking After Stroke: The Roles of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Animal Models in Our Current and Future Understanding
Despite the plethora of human neurophysiological research, the bilateral involvement of the leg motor cortical areas and their interhemispheric interaction during both normal and impaired human walking is poorly understood. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we have expanded our understanding of the role upper-extremity motor cortical areas play in normal movements and how stroke alters this role, and probed the efficacy of interventions to improve post-stroke arm function. However, similar investigations of the legs have lagged behind, in part, due to the anatomical difficulty in using TMS to stimulate the leg...
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - December 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Charalambous, C. C., Bowden, M. G., Adkins, D. L. Tags: Basic Research Article Source Type: research

Combining Multiple Types of Motor Rehabilitation Enhances Skilled Forelimb Use Following Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats
Conclusions. The current study has provided evidence that individual rehabilitation strategies shown to be beneficial in animal models of stroke are not similarly sufficient to enhance behavioral outcome in a model of TBI. Motor rehabilitation strategies for TBI patients may need to be more intense and varied. Future basic science studies exploring the underlying mechanisms of combined rehabilitation approaches in TBI as well as clinical studies comparing rehabilitation approaches for stroke versus TBI would prove fruitful.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - October 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Adkins, D. L., Ferguson, L., Lance, S., Pevtsov, A., McDonough, K., Stamschror, J., Jones, T. A., Kozlowski, D. A. Tags: Basic Research Articles Source Type: research

Does Action Observation Training With Immediate Physical Practice Improve Hemiparetic Upper-Limb Function in Chronic Stroke?
Conclusions. This study provides preliminary evidence of the additive value of action observation plus physical practice over relaxation-sham plus physical practice. There appears to be capacity for further recovery of upper-limb function in chronic stroke that persists at least in the short term.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - September 23, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Sugg, K., Muller, S., Winstein, C., Hathorn, D., Dempsey, A. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

HeartStitch touts new PFO closure method
Structural heart focused HeartStitch said today its NobleStitch EL device was used to repair 3 patients with patent forman ovale heart defects in Astana, Kazakhstan. A patent foramen ovale is a congenital heart disease in which hole in the heart that normally seals at birth remains open, and can lead to severe migraines, visual auras and stroke, the company said. The procedures were performed by Dr. Michael Mullen and guided by Anthony Nobles at the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center in Astana, according to the company. “We are gratified that our colleagues from abroad have brought this technology to Kazakhstan...
Source: Mass Device - September 11, 2015 Category: Medical Equipment Authors: Fink Densford Tags: Cardiac Implants Cardiovascular HeartStitch Source Type: news

A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effect of Early Upper-Limb Training on Stroke Recovery and Brain Activation
Conclusion. Early, more-intensive, UL training was associated with greater changes in activation in putative motor (supplementary motor area and cerebellum) and attention (anterior cingulate) regions, providing support for the role of these regions and functions in early recovery poststroke.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Hubbard, I. J., Carey, L. M., Budd, T. W., Levi, C., McElduff, P., Hudson, S., Bateman, G., Parsons, M. W. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Wrist Rehabilitation Assisted by an Electromyography-Driven Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Robot After Stroke
Conclusions. The NMES robot–assisted wrist training was more effective than the pure robot. The additional NMES application in the treatment could bring more improvements in the distal motor functions and faster rehabilitation progress.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Hu, X.-L., Tong, R. K.-y., Ho, N. S. K., Xue, J.-j., Rong, W., Li, L. S. W. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Strategy Training Shows Promise for Addressing Disability in the First 6 Months After Stroke
Conclusions. Strategy training shows promise for addressing disability in the first 6 months after stroke. Lessons from this pilot study may inform future clinical trials.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - July 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Skidmore, E. R., Dawson, D. R., Butters, M. A., Grattan, E. S., Juengst, S. B., Whyte, E. M., Begley, A., Holm, M. B., Becker, J. T. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

Involuntary, forced and voluntary exercises are equally capable of inducing hippocampal plasticity and the recovery of cognitive function after stroke.
CONCLUSION: Involuntary exercise induced by FES has beneficial effects on cognitive function after vascular dementia comparable to those of forced and voluntary exercise. PMID: 26179091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - July 17, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Paretic Propulsion and Trailing Limb Angle Are Key Determinants of Long-Distance Walking Function After Stroke
Conclusions. The paretic limb’s ability to generate propulsion during walking is a critical determinant of long-distance walking function after stroke. This finding supports the development of poststroke interventions that target deficits in propulsion and trailing limb angle.
Source: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair - June 25, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Awad, L. N., Binder-Macleod, S. A., Pohlig, R. T., Reisman, D. S. Tags: Clinical Research Articles Source Type: research

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