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Specialty: Internal Medicine
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Total 92 results found since Jan 2013.
Cardiometabolic disease costs associated with suboptimal diet in the United States: A cost analysis based on a microsimulation model
ConclusionsSuboptimal diet of 10 dietary factors accounts for 18.2% of all ischemic heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes costs in the US, highlighting that timely implementation of diet policies could address these health and economic burdens.
Source: PLoS Medicine - December 16, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Thiago Veiga Jardim Source Type: research
Poor Physical Function as a Risk Factor for Non-Communicable Diseases in Indonesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
CONCLUSION: poor physical function can be assessed to identify risk of diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Healthcare personnel should provide education programs that inform patients on the importance of maintaining a healthy physical ability.
PMID: 32778624 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Acta medica Indonesiana - August 13, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Acta Med Indones Source Type: research
Importance of attributes and willingness to pay for oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation in China: A discrete choice experiment
by Jiaxi Zhao, Hao Wang, Xue Li, Yang Hu, Vincent K. C. Yan, Carlos K. H. Wong, Yutao Guo, Marco K. H. Cheung, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Chung-Wah Siu, Hung-Fat Tse, Esther W. Chan
BackgroundAdherence to oral anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in China is low. Patient preference, one of the main reasons for discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy, is an unfamiliar concept in China. Methods and findingsA discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to quantify patient preference on 7 attributes of oral anticoagulant therapy: antidote (yes/no), food –drug interaction (yes/no), frequency of blo...
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 26, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jiaxi Zhao Source Type: research
Parent-reported sleep-disordered breathing symptoms early in life predict childhood behavioural problems at age 4 and 7 years
This study focuses on prospective data collected on children involved in the large-scale, population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 19, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Gregory, A. M., Wiggs, L. Tags: EBM Prognosis, Epidemiologic studies, Sleep disorders (neurology), Stroke, Obesity (nutrition), Pregnancy, Sleep disorders, Sleep disorders (respiratory medicine), Screening (epidemiology), Health education, Screening (public health) Source Type: research
Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: benefits and potential risks
Commentary on: Bach PB, Mirkin JN, Oliver TK, et al.. Benefits and harms of CT screening for lung cancer: a systematic review. JAMA 2012;307:2418–29. Context Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.1 The majority of patients present with advanced disease and the current 5-year survival is only 15%.2 Previous research showed no mortality benefit to screening with chest radiography and sputum cytology. The recent results of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) are the first to show a significant reduction in lung cancer mortality with the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) in high risk individuals. The po...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 15, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tanner, N. T., Silvestri, G. A. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Stroke, Screening (oncology), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screening (epidemiology), Guidelines, Health education, Screening (public health), Smo Source Type: research
Long-term coffee consumption associated with reduced risk of total and cause-specific mortality
Commentary on: Freedman ND, Park Y, Abnet CC, Hollenbeck AR, Sinha R, et al.. Association of coffee drinking with total and cause-specific mortality. N Engl J Med 2012;366:1891–904. Context The effect of coffee consumption on health is being re-examined based on new evidence suggesting a beneficial effect of components in coffee other than caffeine,1–3 an effect that may be seen in the long term after the acute harmful effects of caffeine have disappeared. Supporting this idea, several recent well-designed cohort studies have found an inverse association between long-term coffee consumption and the risk of all-...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 15, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lopez-Garcia, E. Tags: EBM Aetiology, Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Sleep disorders (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Sleep disorders, Sleep disorders (respiratory medicine), Health education, Smoking Source Type: research
Long-term aspirin use and neovascular age-related macular degeneration: association or causation?
Commentary on: Liew G, Mitchell P, Wong TY, et al.. The association of aspirin use with age-related macular degeneration. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:258–64. Context Aspirin is used by many for temporary pain relief, rheumatological conditions and where indicated, cardioprotection. However, recent findings from observational studies have raised the possibility that regular aspirin use may also increase the risk of some forms of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Liew and colleagues examined the relationship between long-term, low-dose aspirin use and risk of AMD in an Australian population-based cohort of 2...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Christen, W. G. Tags: EBM Aetiology, Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, Ophthalmology, Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Diabetes, Health education, Smoking Source Type: research
Lower sodium intake reduces blood pressure in adults and children, but is not associated with a reduced risk of all CVD or all cause mortality
Commentary on: Aburto NJ, Ziolkovska A, Hooper L, et al.. Effect of lower sodium intake on health: systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ 2013;346:f1326 Context More than half a century has passed since the idea that the lower blood pressure (BP) associated with lower sodium intake justifies reduced intake for all. Authoritative bodies have subsequently endorsed this view with increasingly ambitious reduction goals. The US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Health and Human Services currently recommend <1.5 g sodium/day for virtually half the population, with <2.3 g1 levels for the remainder. ...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Alderman, M. H., Cohen, H. Tags: EBM Aetiology, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Obesity (nutrition), Ischaemic heart disease, Health education Source Type: research
Suggestions for improving guideline utility and trustworthiness
Several underemphasised limitations of guidelines need proactive remediation in meeting the contemporary needs of clinicians Clinical practice guideline (CPG) panels are expected to abide by standards that ensure their processes are multidisciplinary, systematic and unbiased.1 Unfortunately, many CPGs fail to satisfy these standards. Only a third of 130 US guidelines produced by subspecialty societies between 2006 and 2011,2 satisfied more than 50% of standards set by the Institute of Medicine (IOM—see table 1),1 relating to panel composition, conflicts of interest, evidence synthesis, reconciliation of different int...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Scott, I. A., Guyatt, G. H. Tags: Medical education, Editor's choice, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Screening (oncology), Ischaemic heart disease, Prostate, Screening (epidemiology), Ethics, Legal and forensic medicine, Medical humanities, Guidelines, Screening (publ Source Type: research
Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea are treated by adenotonsillectomy, but without change in neurocognitive outcome
Commentary on: Marcus CL, Moore RH, Rosen CL, et al.. A randomised trial of adenotonsillectomy for childhood sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 2013;368:2366–76. Context Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) in children is a very common surgical intervention for sleep disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). OSA in children causes cardiovascular, behavioural, developmental and cognitive sequelae. Controversies exist about many aspects of this condition including diagnosis, treatment and perioperative management. In children with severe OSA there are neurocognitive deficits and altered brain development.1 There is a bod...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ramsden, J. D. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Sleep disorders (neurology), Stroke, Obesity (nutrition), Child and adolescent psychiatry, Sleep disorders, Sleep disorders (respiratory medicine), Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology, Health education Therapeutics Source Type: research
Perioperative selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor administration is a marker of poor outcomes after surgery
Commentary on: Auerbach AD, Vittinghoff E, Maselli J, et al.. Perioperative use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risks for adverse outcomes of surgery. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:1075–81. Context With a lifetime prevalence of 6–11%, depression is a common comorbidity in surgical patients. Owing to their high efficacy and safety, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants.1 Some studies suggest that SSRIs may increase surgical bleeding. However, SSRI discontinuation may exacerbate psychiatric illness or precipitate withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, ...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Holt, N. F. Tags: EBM Aetiology, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Heart failure, Stroke, Obesity (nutrition), Interventional cardiology, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Health education Source Type: research
Intermittent pneumatic compression is effective in reducing venous thromboembolism risk in hospitalised patients
Commentary on: Ho KM, Tan JA. Stratified meta-analysis of intermittent pneumatic compression of the lower limbs to prevent venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. Circulation 2013;128:1003–20. Context The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in 1–2 patients/1000/year. A total of 60–100 000 patients in the USA die of DVT or PE annually, with 10–30% expiring within 1 month of diagnosis. Recurrence rates of DVT/PE are as high as 33% within 10 years.1 Increased incidence of DVT and PE has been report...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Pascarella, L. Tags: EBM Prognosis, Medical education, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Venous thromboembolism, Pulmonary embolism, Medical humanities Prevention Source Type: research
Network meta-analysis demonstrates the safety of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in cardiovascular patients
Commentary on: Mills EJ, Thorlund K, Eapen S, et al.. Cardiovascular events associated with smoking cessation pharmacotherapies: a network meta-analysis. Circulation 2014;129:28–41. Context The importance of smoking cessation in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease cannot be overestimated. Exposure to tobacco products, beginning in utero, causes substantial damage to vascular health, imposing dramatic public and personal health burdens over a lifetime. Smokers lose, on average, 10 years of life expectancy.1 Smoking cessation is the most powerful preventive intervention available—particul...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - September 15, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Pipe, A. L. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Ischaemic heart disease, Unwanted effects / adverse reactions, Lipid disorders, Health education, Smoking Harm Source Type: research
Effects of screening and lifestyle counselling on incidence of ischaemic heart disease in general population are limited
Commentary on: Jorgensen T, Jacobsen RK, Toft U, et al.. Effect of screening and lifestyle counselling on incidence of ischaemic heart disease in general population: Inter99 randomised trial. BMJ 2014;348:g3617. Context While mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases—particularly ischaemic heart disease (IHD)—have been declining in Western countries, IHD still contributes a significant burden to individuals, healthcare systems and society.1 Therefore, IHD prevention efforts could have major impact on societal health. Given the widespread prevalence of IHD and IHD risk factors, population-focused public healt...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 21, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lear, S. A. Tags: Rehabilitation medicine, Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Diet, Ischaemic heart disease, Screening (epidemiology), Health education, Screening (public health), Smoking Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research
Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis sheds doubt on protective associations between 'moderate' alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease
Commentary on: Holmes M, Dale C, Zuccolo L, et al.. Association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease: Mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data. BMJ 2014;349:g4164. Context A protective association between low-dose alcohol and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) has been suggested by meta-analyses of observational studies and experimental studies. Observational studies are, however, vulnerable to residual confounding and selection bias. Compared with observational studies, the Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach can mitigate confounding, is immune to reverse causation, and is consistent...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 21, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Chikritzhs, T. N., Naimi, T. S., Stockwell, T. R., Liang, W. Tags: Genetics, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Ischaemic heart disease, Alcohol, Health education Aetiology/Harm Source Type: research
