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Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Test of the Usefulness of a Paradigm to Identify Potential Cardiovascular Liabilities of Four Test Articles With Varying Pharmacological Properties in Anesthetized Guinea Pigs
This study aimed to establish the feasibility of an anesthetized guinea pig preparation to assess functional liabilities in the setting of simultaneous drug-induced electrocardiographic/hemodynamic changes, by evaluating the effects of various compounds with known cardiovascular properties on direct and indirect indices of left ventricular function. In short, twenty nine male guinea pigs were instrumented to measure electrocardiograms, systemic arterial pressure, and left ventricular pressure-volume relationships. After baseline measurement, all animals were given intravenous infusions of vehicle and two escalating concent...
Source: Toxicological Sciences - January 31, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Kijtawornrat, A., Ueyama, Y., del Rio, C., Sawangkoon, S., Buranakarl, C., Chaiyabutr, N., Hamlin, R. L. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Prenatal hypoxia impairs cardiac mitochondrial and ventricular function in guinea pig offspring in a sex-related manner.
CONCLUSION: Prenatal HPX is a programming stimulus that increases MAP and decreases cardiac and mitochondrial function in male offspring. Sex-related differences in the contractile and mitochondrial responses suggest female GPs are protected against cardiovascular programming of prenatal HPX. PMID: 30365351 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - October 26, 2018 Category: Physiology Authors: Thompson LP, Chen L, Polster BM, Pinkas G, Song H Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research