• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

The sixth revolution in pediatric vaccinology: immunoengineering and delivery systems.
Abstract Infection is the predominant cause of mortality in early life, and immunization is the most promising biomedical intervention to reduce this burden. However, very young infants fail to respond optimally to most vaccines currently in use, especially neonates. In 2005, Stanley Plotkin proposed that new delivery systems would spur a new revolution in pediatric vaccinology, just as attenuation, inactivation, cell culture of viruses, genetic engineering, and adjuvantation had done in preceding decades. Recent advances in the field of immunoengineering, which is evolving alongside vaccinology, have begun to inc...
Source: Pediatric Research - September 13, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Soni D, Bobbala S, Li S, Scott EA, Dowling DJ Tags: Pediatr Res Source Type: research

What Are Potential Complications of Tattooing?
Discussion “Tattooing of skin via deposition of pigment particles and ink ingredients in the dermis changes normal skin into abnormal skin. Fortunately, this often causes no harm and no disease, although with important exceptions.” Tattoos can be inadvertent from road dirt, gunpowder, pencil graphite etc., but most are desired. Tattoos are common in many cultures and over time..They have been increasing in popularity in the United States over the past few years particularly with a younger, wider and more diverse population. Newsweek reported an 18-country study in 2018 which showed 46% of Americans have a tat...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 18, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Hexavalent vaccines in preterm infants: an update by Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology jointly with the Italian Society of Neonatology
Hexavalent vaccines, protecting against six diseases (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis [DTaP], poliovirus, hepatitis B virus [HBV], and Haemophilus influenzae type b [Hib], are routinely the standard of care in Eur...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - November 19, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: E. Chiappini, C. Petrolini, C. Caffarelli, M. Calvani, F. Cardinale, M. Duse, A. Licari, S. Manti, A. Martelli, D. Minasi, M. Miraglia Del Giudice, GB. Pajno, C. Pietrasanta, L. Pugni, MA. Tosca, F. Mosca & hellip; Tags: Review Source Type: research

How Common is α -1-Antitrypsin Deficiency?
Discussion α-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency (A1AT) is a common single-gene mutation disease that is homozygous recessive. The normal allele is called M and the most common abnormal allele is Z. There are other alleles though. The gene codes for one of the primary protease inhibitors in the serum, thus those who are homozygous for the Z gene are sometimes referred to as “PIZZ” or “PIZ.” α-1-Antitrypsin is found in all body tissues but is especially important in the serum and lung. As noted it is one of the primary neutrophil protease inhibitors in the serum, and acts to neutralize these enzymes...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 24, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Question 1: Does prophylactic paracetamol prevent fever after vaccination in infants?
Scenario A 2-month-old infant is brought into the emergency department with a 24 h history of fever. He was born at term and had an uneventful neonatal period with no risk factors for sepsis. Clinical examination was unremarkable apart from a temperature of 38.5°C. Upon further questioning, his mother revealed that the infant had received his routine vaccinations the previous day. She had been advised to give prophylactic paracetamol at the time of vaccination but had refrained from doing so because, 2 years previously, the same practice nurse had told her to give paracetamol to her older child only if he dev...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - November 19, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Braccio, S., Saliba, V., Ramsay, M., Ladhani, S. N. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Liver disease, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Meningitis, TB and other respiratory infections, Tropical medicine (infect Source Type: research

The science of paediatrics, child health research, and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
INTRODUCTION Having completed a five year term as Science & Research Vice President of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), I offer a personal reflection. I explain why I believe the science of paediatrics, and child health research in the UK, are vibrant and strong and present my view that with a strengthened RCPCH, and sustained vision by paediatricians, these could become an international beacon, benefiting child and population health globally. The science of paediatrics and child health research The word ‘science’ derives from the Latin scientia, meaning knowledge. The science of c...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Modi, N. Tags: Liver disease, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Vaccination / immunisation, Childhood nutrition, Diet, Malnutrition, Child and adolescent psychiatry (paedatrics), Childhood nutrition (paediatri Source Type: research

Question 1: Should newborns of mothers with isolated antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen be immunised?
Scenario The midwife calls you to assess a newborn in the delivery room. The pregnancy was uneventful, but the mother's serology results show the following: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative, antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) negative, but antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive. You wonder if the baby is at risk for perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) requiring preventive measures at this time. Structured clinical question Does a newborn of a mother with isolated antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen need immunisation (intervention) to prevent ...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pramana, I., Heininger, U., Ritz, N. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Liver disease, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, HIV/AIDS, Vaccination / immunisation, Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Child health, Infant health, Sexua Source Type: research

Measles: the legacy of low vaccine coverage
Measles is among the most infectious diseases of humans. Prior to the introduction of vaccination, virtually every child in the UK caught measles during two-yearly epidemics that each involved up to 700 000 reported cases. The illness presents with fever, coryza, cough and conjunctivitis before progressing to the classic rash after 2–4 days.1 Complications are more common in the very young and in adults and include otitis media, pneumonia, diarrhoea, keratitis and encephalitis. Although measles still kills around 150 000 children per year worldwide, in industrialised countries, case-fatality ratios are...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - September 12, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Ramsay, M. E. Tags: Liver disease, Oncology, Diarrhoea, Eye Diseases, Editor's choice, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Otitis, Pneumonia (infectious disease), TB and other respiratory infections, Vaccination / im Source Type: research

UK vaccination schedule: persistence of immunity to hepatitis B in children vaccinated after perinatal exposure
Conclusions This study of antibody persistence among UK children born to hepatitis B infected women, immunised with a 3-dose infant schedule with a toddler booster suggests sustained immunity through early childhood. These data should prompt further studies to address the need for a preschool booster. Trial registration Eudract Number 2008-004785-98.
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 9, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Yates, T. A., Paranthaman, K., Yu, L.-M., Davis, E., Lang, S., Hackett, S. J., Welch, S. B., Pollard, A. J., Snape, M. D. Tags: Liver disease, Open access, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Vaccination / immunisation Original article Source Type: research