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No difference in pain, swelling or function with NSAIDs compared with paracetamol for soft tissue injury
Commentary on: Jones P, Dalziel SR, Lamdin R, et al. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;7:CD007789. Implications for practice and research Paracetamol may be the first choice of treatment for soft tissue injuries because of less adverse events and similar efficacy as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Additional randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are required to determine if there is a difference in return to function or adverse effects between non-selective and COX-2 selective NSAIDs versus paracetamol. F...
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing - December 15, 2015 Category: Nursing Authors: van den Bekerom, M. P. J. Tags: Pain management, Immunology (including allergy), Pain (neurology), Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Complementary medicine, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Trauma, Injury Source Type: research

American Academy of Otolaryngology: head and neck surgery foundation clinical practice guideline on acute otitis externa 2014
This American guideline updates previous 2006 recommendations providing guidance for primary care and specialist clinicians for treating children of 2 years and older with acute otitis externa (AOE): a diffuse inflammation of the external ear canal±pinna and tympanic membrane.1 2 Key points: what should I be doing? Distinguish diffuse AOE from other causes of otalgia and otorrhoea, for example, dermatitis (inflammatory, contact, allergic), viral infections, furunculosis and referred pain from other sites Appropriately assess pain and treat with analgesia such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatories. There are no s...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice - July 17, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Prentice, P. Tags: Oncology, Journalology, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Otitis, Pain (neurology), Child health, Pain (palliative care), Sexual health, Dermatology, Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology, Competing interests (ethics), Tr Source Type: research

Implementing a training and accreditation scheme for tta (to take away) pre-pack dispensing
Conclusion The training and accreditation programme has allowed for the implementation of a safe dispensing and checking process for TTA prepacks by medical and nursing staff. The next step is to audit the process.
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - May 18, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Betmouni, R., Gillani, N. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Pain (neurology), Pain (palliative care), Unwanted effects / adverse reactions, Pain (anaesthesia), Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Short Papers Source Type: research

TRPV1, CGRP and SP in scalp arteries of patients suffering from chronic migraine. Some like it hot! Chronic migraine increases TRPV1 receptors in the scalp
The transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 receptor (TRPV1) is a non-selective, ligand-gated cation channel expressed in small sensory neurons.1 It responds to noxious heat, protons and capsaicin and it is preferentially expressed in small sensory neurons.2 3 Trigeminal nociceptive neurons contain glutamate, substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). TRPV1 receptors evoke CGRP release; inhibition prevents and reverses central sensitisation. BoNT/A has analgesic effects on capsaicin-evoked pain. It is effective in chronic migraine treatment.4 BoNT/A decreases TRPV1-positive neurons in the rat trigem...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 13, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Silberstein, S. D. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Headache (including migraine), Pain (neurology), Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Question 2: Does topical local anaesthetic reduce pain from vaccinations in infants?
Scenario You are about to give a 2-month-old baby her first vaccinations. You wonder if there is a role for topical local anaesthetics in reducing pain from intramuscular injection of vaccinations. Structured clinical question In an infant undergoing intramuscular vaccination injection (patient) does topical local anaesthetic (intervention) compared with placebo (control) reduce pain (outcome). Search Secondary sources—nil. Search MEDLINE: (intramuscular OR vacc* OR immuni*) AND ("local anaesthetic" OR EMLA OR Ametop OR tetracaine OR amethocaine OR eutectic) more than 90 results. Five studies excluded as patients wer...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Levene, I. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Vaccination / immunisation, Pain (neurology), Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia) Source Type: research

Long-term aspirin use and neovascular age-related macular degeneration: association or causation?
Commentary on: Liew G, Mitchell P, Wong TY, et al.. The association of aspirin use with age-related macular degeneration. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:258–64. Context Aspirin is used by many for temporary pain relief, rheumatological conditions and where indicated, cardioprotection. However, recent findings from observational studies have raised the possibility that regular aspirin use may also increase the risk of some forms of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Liew and colleagues examined the relationship between long-term, low-dose aspirin use and risk of AMD in an Australian population-based cohort of 2...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Christen, W. G. Tags: EBM Aetiology, Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, Ophthalmology, Pain (palliative care), Pain (anaesthesia), Diabetes, Health education, Smoking Source Type: research