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What Causes Rectal Prolapse?
Discussion Rectal prolapse is defined as a herniation of the rectum through the anal verge. In children it is also usually mucosal prolapse and not full thickness. Partial or mucosal prolapse usually is seen as radial folds occurring 1 – 2.5 cm from the anal verge. Full thickness will protrude more than 5 cm. It affects genders equally and occurs most commonly in children under age 4. This is due to vertical course and low position of the anus, looser supporting tissues and less muscular support. These children are more likely to have prolapse but are less likely to have it recur. After age 4 the rectum takes the adu...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 28, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Eosinophilic Pneumonias
Publication date: September–October 2018Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, Volume 6, Issue 5Author(s): James Allen, Michael WertThe eosinophilic pneumonias are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by an increase in eosinophils in lung tissue or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Many, but not all, of the eosinophilic pneumonias are also associated with a peripheral blood eosinophilia. The etiologies of eosinophilic lung disease are wide ranging and include parasitic infections, medications or other toxins, autoimmune and inflammatory disease, and malignancies. Some eosinophilic pne...
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice - September 6, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Unusual chest radiographic findings in children
Answers From questions on page 189 Figure 1 shows multiple dense 2–3 mm nodules. Figure 2 demonstrates an arrowed zoomed up image of a nodule. The radiologist's initial report suggested excluding tuberculosis (TB) infection. Subsequently, she had been investigated for TB and had a negative Mantoux test. A second radiology opinion concluded that the nodules were the benign sequel of previous varicella infection. Varicella pneumonitis can be a fulminant condition but is often asymptomatic. Scattered nodular lung opacities measuring up to 1 cm associated with varicella pneumonitis have been recognise...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice - September 12, 2014 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Elemraid, M. A., Wacogne, I., Williams, H. Tags: Journalology, Immunology (including allergy), Pneumonia (infectious disease), TB and other respiratory infections, Child health, Asthma, Pneumonia (respiratory medicine), Competing interests (ethics) Epilogue Source Type: research

What Causes Spontaneous Pneumothorax?
Discussion “A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space, and it can be categorized into spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be further classified into primary with no clinical evidence of underlying lung disease or secondary due to pre-existing lung disease.” Spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition that is relatively rare in pediatrics. There is a bimodal age distribution – neonates and late adolescence. It is caused by tearing of the visceral pleural. Clinical signs include chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, tracheal deviation towards contralateral side, hypot...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 20, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Donna M. D'Alessandro, M.D. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news