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Infectious Disease: Endemics

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Total 70 results found since Jan 2013.

Entomological Survey for Sand Fly Fauna in Imamoglu Province (Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Endemic Region) of Adana, Turkey
Leishmaniasis, presenting in two clinical forms, cutaneous and visceral in Turkey, is widespread in most of the countries in the Mediterranean Basin. An average of 10 to 13% of cases are reported from Adana every year. This paper presents the results of an entomological survey in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Imamoglu province of Adana in Turkey. We collected 654 sand fly specimen using 100 light traps in 20 nights in August 2013 and July 2014. Several keys and previous drawings were used in the identification of the species. In total, six Phlebotomus species were identified; Phlebotomus tobbi (50.3%), Phl...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Kavur, H., Eroglu, F., Evyapan, G., Demirkazik, M., Alptekin, D., Koltas, I. S. Tags: Morphology, Systematics, Evolution Source Type: research

Effect of Temperature on Replication of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses in Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Replication of arboviruses, including orbiviruses, within the vector has been shown to be temperature dependent. Cooler ambient temperatures slow virus replication in arthropod vectors, whereas viruses replicate faster and to higher titers at warmer ambient temperatures. Previous research with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype 1 demonstrated that higher temperatures were associated with shorter extrinsic incubation periods in Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones, a confirmed vector of EHDV in North America. To further our understanding of the effect of temperature on replication of EHDV within the vect...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Ruder, M. G., Stallknecht, D. E., Howerth, E. W., Carter, D. L., Pfannenstiel, R. S., Allison, A. B., Mead, D. G. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

The Fleas of Endemic and Introduced Small Mammals in Central Highland Forests of Madagascar: Faunistics, Species Diversity, and Absence of Host Specificity
Data are presented on the flea species of the genera Paractenopsyllus (Ceratophyllidae, Leptopsyllinae) and Synopsyllus (Pulicidae, Xenopsyllinae) obtained from small mammals during two 2014 seasonal surveys at a montane humid forest site (Ambohitantely) in the Central Highlands of Madagascar. The mammal groups included the endemic family Tenrecidae (tenrecs) and subfamily Nesomyinae (rodents) and two introduced families Muridae (rodents) and Soricidae (shrews); no fleas were recovered from the latter family. The surveys were conducted at the end of the wet and dry seasons with 288 individual small mammals captured, includ...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Goodman, S. M., Randrenjarison Andriniaina, H. R., Soarimalala, V., Beaucournu, J.-C. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Deep Interisland Genetic Divergence in the Macaronesian Endemic Mosquito Ochlerotatus eatoni (Diptera: Culicidae), Indication of Cryptic Species
Ochlerotatus eatoni (Edwards, 1916) is a species endemic to Canary and Madeira Islands that, based on morphology, is considered to be single species. Mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequence data demonstrate that the populations from Tenerife and Madeira Islands are highly differentiated (FST = 0.93). The phylogenetic analysis also separates the two populations into two highly distinct groups. The sharp mitochondrial genetic differentiation between islands is congruent with the published nuclear (allozyme) data. However, mtDNA data did not reveal any significant genetic differentiation within islands....
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 11, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Khadem, M. Tags: Short Communications Source Type: research

Analysis of ectoparasites (chigger mites, gamasid mites, fleas and sucking lice) of the Yunnan red‐backed vole (Eothenomys miletus) sampled throughout its range in southwest China
Abstract The Yunnan red‐backed vole Eothenomys miletus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) is an endemic rodent species and reservoir host of zoonoses in southwest China. Based on a large host sample (2463 voles collected from 39 localities between 2001 and 2013), a general analysis of four categories of ectoparasite (fleas, sucking lice, chigger mites and gamasid mites) on E. miletus across its entire range of distribution was made. This analysis identified a total of 71 895 ectoparasites belonging to 320 species (30 species of flea, 9 of sucking louse, 106 of gamasid mite and 175 of chigger mite) with a high prevalence (87%), m...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - September 1, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P.‐Y. PENG, X.‐G. GUO, W.‐Y. SONG, P. HOU, Y.‐J. ZOU, R. FAN, X.‐S. HE Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

An entomological and seroepidemiological study of the vectorial‐transmission risk of Chagas disease in the coast of northern Chile
Abstract Four species of triatomines are known from Chile: Triatoma infestans Klug, Mepraia spinolai Porter, M. gajardoi Frías, Henry & González, and M. parapatrica Frías (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), the last three are endemic. The geographical distribution of M. gajardoi includes the coastal areas in the north of Chile between 18° and 21°S, an area with both a resident workforce and summer‐season visitors. A study was developed to assess the risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease by M. gajardoi in hut settlements on the coast of the Tarapacá Region, in particular in Caleta San Marcos and Caleta Río Seco...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - July 24, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. R. GONZÁLEZ, C. REYES, A. CANALS, A. PARRA, X. MUÑOZ, K. RODRÍGUEZ Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Use of Insecticide Delivery Tubes for Controlling Rodent-Associated Fleas in a Plague Endemic Region of West Nile, Uganda
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - November 16, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Boegler, Karen A.Atiku, Linda A.Mpanga, Joseph TendoClark, Rebecca J.Delorey, Mark J.Gage, Kenneth L.Eisen, Rebecca J. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research

Household cost of out-patient treatment of Buruli ulcer in Ghana: a case study of Obom in Ga South Municipality
Conclusion: Household cost burden of out-patient BU ulcer treatment was high. Household cost of BU is therefore essential in the design of its intervention. BU afflicted children experience social isolation.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - December 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hannah Brown AmoakohMoses Aikins Source Type: research

Control of experimental Triatoma infestans populations: effect of pour‐on cypermethrin applied to chickens under natural conditions in the Argentinean Chaco region
Abstract Among peridomestic structures, chicken coops are sites of major importance for the domestic ecology of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). The aim of this study was to evaluate in an experimental context the effects of a cypermethrin pour‐on formulation applied to chickens on blood intake, moulting and mortality in T. infestans, under the natural climatic conditions of a region endemic for Chagas' disease. Experimental chicken huts were made of bricks and covered with plastic mosquito nets. Ninety fourth‐instar nymphs were maintained in each hut. The study used a completely random design in which chi...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 6, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: I. AMELOTTI, S. S. CATALÁ, D. E. GORLA Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

New to nature No 112: Lichenagraecia cataphracta
This brilliant lichen mimic's spiny legs set it apart from all other Australian katydidsA truly remarkable new genus and species of katydid, Lichenagraecia cataphracta, was described last year from a small number of locations in northern Queensland by David Rentz and co-authors You Ning Su and Norihiro Ueshima.Katydids in general are recognised as masters of disguise. Many are uniformly green in colour with wide leathery forewings, the tegmina, which are not only leaf shaped in outline but have ribs resembling the veins in leaves.The new species, however, goes one better, looking like a lichen-encrusted branch in amazing d...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - August 17, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Quentin Wheeler Tags: World news Features Animals The Observer Interviews Zoology Environment Australia Wildlife Science Source Type: news