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Source: Frontiers in Immunology
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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.
Alteration of Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Oral Sensitized C3H/HeJ Mice Is Associated With Changes in Dendritic Cells and T Cells in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
This research aimed to investigate the allergic reaction of C3H/HeJ mice after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) without any adjuvant and to analyze the association between intestinal microbiota and allergy-related immune cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The allergic responses of C3H/HeJ mice orally sensitized with OVA were evaluated, and immune cell subsets in spleen and MLN and cytokines were also detected. The intestinal bacterial community structure was analyzed, followed by Spearman correlation analysis between changed gut microbiota species and allergic parameters. Sensitization induced a noticeable allergic r...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Functional Contribution and Targeted Migration of Group-2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Being at the Right Place at the Right Time
During the last decade, group-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been discovered and successfully established as crucial mediators of lung allergy, airway inflammation and fibrosis, thus affecting the pathogenesis and clinical course of many respiratory diseases, like for instance asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis. As an important regulatory component in this context, the local pulmonary milieu at inflammatory tissue sites does not only determine the activation status of lung-infiltrating ILC2s, but also influences their motility and migratory behavior. In general, many data collected in recent murine an...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 10, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Features of Neutrophils From Atopic and Non-Atopic Elite Endurance Runners
We collected peripheral blood from thirty-nine elite male endurance runners at rest (24 hours after the last exercise session) and used the Allergy Questionnaire for Athletes score and plasma specific IgE level to separate them into atopic and non-atopic athletes. Neutrophils obtained from atopic and non-atopic athletes were subsequently stimulated in vitro with fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), or PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate). Neutrophils from non-atopic runners responded appropriately to LPS, as evidenced by the production of pro (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6) and anti-inflammat...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 11, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
IgE Epitopes of the House Dust Mite Allergen Der p 7 Are Mainly Discontinuous and Conformational
Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceIgE epitopes of Der p 7 belong to the conformational and discontinuous type whereas sequential Der p 7 peptides lack IgE reactivity. It should thus be possible to construct hypoallergenic vaccines for Der p 7 based on carrier-bound allergen peptides.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 15, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Dectin-1 Controls TSLP-Induced Th2 Response by Regulating STAT3, STAT6, and p50-RelB Activities in Dendritic Cells
The epithelium-associated cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) can induce OX40L and CCL17 expression by myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), which contributes to aberrant Th2-type immune responses. Herein, we report that such TSLP-induced Th2-type immune response can be effectively controlled by Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor expressed by mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation induced STAT3 activation and decreased the transcriptional activity of p50-RelB, both of which resulted in reduced OX40L expression on TSLP-activated mDCs. Dectin-1 stimulation also suppressed TSLP-induced STAT6 activation, resulting in decreased expressi...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 7, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Macrophage-Regulatory T Cell Interactions Promote Type 2 Immune Homeostasis Through Resistin-Like Molecule α
In this study, we generated RELMα TdTomato (Td) reporter/knockout (RαTd) mice and investigated RELMα function in IL-4 complex (IL-4c)-induced peritoneal inflammation. We first validated the RELMαTd/Td transgenic mice and showed that IL-4c injection led to the significant expansion of large peritoneal macrophages that expressed Td but not RELMα protein, while RELMα+/+ mice expressed RELMα and not Td. Functionally, RELMαTd/Td mice had increased IL-4 induced peritoneal macrophage responses and splenomegaly compared to RELMα+/+ mice. Gene expression analysis indicated that RELMαTd/Td peritoneal macrophages were more ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 19, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Viability Status-Dependent Effect of Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum CCM 7952 on Prevention of Allergic Inflammation in Mouse Model
In this study, we investigated the physical and immunomodulatory properties of four Bifidobacterium strains in the heat-treated (HT) and untreated (UN) forms. We showed that temperature treatment of bacteria changes their size and charge, which affects their interaction with epithelial and immune cells. Based on the in vitro assays, we observed that all tested strains reduced the level of OVA-induced IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in the spleen culture of OVA-sensitized mice. We selected Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum CCM 7952 (Bl 7952) for further analysis. In vivo experiments confirmed that untreated Bl 7952 exhibited allergy...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 20, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Antigen-Specific Treg Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes – Challenges and Opportunities
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key mediators of peripheral self-tolerance and alterations in their frequencies, stability, and function have been linked to autoimmunity. The antigen-specific induction of Tregs is a long-envisioned goal for the treatment of autoimmune diseases given reduced side effects compared to general immunosuppressive therapies. However, the translation of antigen-specific Treg inducing therapies for the treatment or prevention of autoimmune diseases into the clinic remains challenging. In this mini review, we will discuss promising results for antigen-specific Treg therapies in allergy and specific c...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 22, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Case Report: Safe and Effective Sublingual Birch Allergen Immunotherapy in Two HIV-Positive Patients
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is a safe, effective treatment for respiratory allergies (such as moderate-to-severe allergic rhinoconjunctivitis) that are not controlled by symptomatic medications. The indications and contraindications for AIT have been defined in international guidelines and consensus statements. However, some of these contraindications are not evidenced- based but have been deduced from the theoretical risk of an interaction between AIT disease-modifying effect and immune or inflammatory comorbidities. In the absence of clinical trial evidence, the accumulation of experience as case reports can na...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 27, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cross-Linking Cellular Prion Protein Induces Neuronal Type 2-Like Hypersensitivity
ConclusionsThis study showed for the first time that anti-PrP antibody binding to PrPC triggers a neuronal hypersensitivity response and highlights the important role of microglia in triggering an IgG-mediated neuronal hypersensitivity response. Moreover, this study provides an important impetus for including allergenic assessment of therapeutic antibodies for neurodegenerative disorders to derive safe and targeted biotherapeutics.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 30, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mycobacterium-Induced Th1, Helminths-Induced Th2 Cells and the Potential Vaccine Candidates for Allergic Asthma: Imitation of Natural Infection
Bronchial asthma is one of the most chronic pulmonary diseases and major public health problems. In general, asthma prevails in developed countries than developing countries, and its prevalence is increasing in the latter. For instance, the hygiene hypothesis demonstrated that this phenomenon resulted from higher household hygienic standards that decreased the chances of infections, which would subsequently increase the occurrence of allergy. In this review, we attempted to integrate our knowledge with the hygiene hypothesis into beneficial preventive approaches for allergic asthma. Therefore, we highlighted the studies th...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 3, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Driving CARs to BARs: The Winding Road to Specific Regulatory T Cells for Tolerance
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transduced T cells have significantly improved cancer immunotherapy. Similarly, engineering regulatory T cells (Treg) with specific receptors to endow specificity and increase efficacy of Tregs holds great promise for therapy of a variety of adverse immune responses. In this review, we focus on our approaches using retroviral transduction of specific T-cell receptors, single chain variable fragments (scFv) or antigen in models of monogenic diseases, autoimmunity and allergy. The advantages of each of these for different targets diseases are discussed as well as their potential for clinical translation.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 6, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Antagonism of Protease Activated Receptor-2 by GB88 Reduces Inflammation Triggered by Protease Allergen Tyr-p3
In conclusion, our findings suggest that Tyr-p3 from domestic mites leads to disruption of the airway epithelial barrier after inhalation. Proteolytic activity of Tyr-p3 causes the PAR-2 mRNA expression, thus leading to the release of numerous inflammatory mediators. Antagonism of PAR2 activity suggests GB88 as the therapeutic potential for anti-inflammation medicine, especially in allergy development triggered by protease allergens.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 8, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Diagnostic Vaccination in Clinical Practice
Testing the antibody response to vaccination (diagnostic vaccination) is crucial in the clinical evaluation of primary immunodeficiency diseases. Guidelines from the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) provide detailed recommendations for diagnostic vaccination with pure pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines (PPV). However, the degree of compliance with these guidelines and the utility of the guidelines in actual practice are undescribed. To address this, we systematically evaluated diagnostic vaccination in adult patients with suspected primary immunodeficiency diseases in a single tertiary center ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 30, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Short-Chain Fatty Acids Calibrate RAR α Activity Regulating Food Sensitization
Gut-microbiota dysbiosis links to allergic diseases. The mechanism of the exacerbation of food allergy caused by gut-microbiota dysbiosis remains unknown. Regulation of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) signaling is critical for gut immune homeostasis. Here we clarified that RARα in dendritic cells (DCs) promotes Th2 cell differentiation. Antibiotics treatment stimulates retinoic acid signaling in mucosal DCs. We found microbiota metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) maintain IGF-1 levels in serum and mesenteric lymph nodes. The IGF-1/Akt pathway is essential for regulating the transcription of genes targeted by ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - October 14, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
