Filtered By:
Source: Frontiers in Immunology
This page shows you your search results in order of relevance. This is page number 12.
Order by Relevance | Date
Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Autoimmunity and Allergy: Immune Complexes at Work
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been initially described as main actors in host defense owing to their ability to immobilize and sometimes kill microorganisms. Subsequent studies have demonstrated their implication in the pathophysiology of various diseases, due to the toxic effects of their main components on surrounding tissues. Several distinct NETosis pathways have been described in response to various triggers. Among these triggers, IgG immune complexes (IC) play an important role since they induce robust NET release upon binding to activating FcγRs on neutrophils. Few in vitro studies have documented the ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - December 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Store-Operated Calcium Entry via STIM1 Contributes to MRGPRX2 Induced Mast Cell Functions
In this study, using complementary pharmacologic and genetic ablation approaches we demonstrate that SOCE through STIM1 promotes MRGPRX2-induced human mast cell response in vitro. Importantly, SOCE also critically modulates MrgprB2 (mouse ortholog of human MRGPRX2) dependent inflammation in in vivo mouse models of pseudo-allergy. Collectively, our data suggests that MRGPRX2/MrgprB2 activation of mast cells is dependent on SOCE via STIM1, and further characterization of the MRGPRX2-SOCE-STIM1 pathway will lead to the identification of novel targets for the treatment of pseudo-allergic reactions in humans.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 20, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
SG-SP1 Suppresses Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation via Inhibition of Fc εRI Signaling
Conclusions: We determined that SG-SP1 directly interacts with FcεRI and propose SG-SP1 as a therapeutic candidate for mast cell-mediated allergic inflammatory disorders via inhibition of FcεRI signaling.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 27, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Various Tastes of Sugar: The Potential of Glycosylation in Targeting and Modulating Human Immunity via C-Type Lectin Receptors
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are important in several immune regulatory processes. These receptors recognize glycans expressed by host cells or by pathogens. Whereas pathogens are recognized through their glycans, which leads to protective immunity, aberrant cellular glycans are now increasingly recognized as disease-driving factors in cancer, auto-immunity, and allergy. The vast variety of glycan structures translates into a wide spectrum of effects on the immune system ranging from immune suppression to hyper-inflammatory responses. CLRs have distinct expression patterns on antigen presenting cells (APCs) controlling t...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 6, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Training the Fetal Immune System Through Maternal Inflammation —A Layered Hygiene Hypothesis
Over the last century, the alarming surge in allergy and autoimmune disease has led to the hypothesis that decreasing exposure to microbes, which has accompanied industrialization and modern life in the Western world, has fundamentally altered the immune response. In its current iteration, the “hygiene hypothesis” suggests that reduced microbial exposures during early life restricts the production and differentiation of immune cells suited for immune regulation. Although it is now well-appreciated that the increase in hypersensitivity disorders represents a “perfect storm” of many contributing factors, we argue her...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 10, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Engineered Nanomaterials and Type I Allergic Hypersensitivity Reactions
Type I allergic hypersensitivity disorders (atopy) including asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy are on the rise in developed and developing countries. Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) span a large spectrum of material compositions including carbonic, metals, polymers, lipid-based, proteins, and peptides and are being utilized in a wide range of industries including healthcare and pharmaceuticals, electronics, construction, and food industry, and yet, regulations for the use of ENMs in consumer products are largely lacking. Prior evidence has demonstrated the potential of ENMs to induce and/or agg...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 13, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Preferential HLA-B27 Allorecognition Displayed by Multiple Cross-Reactive Antiviral CD8+ T Cell Receptors
T cells provide essential immunosurveillance to combat and eliminate infection from pathogens, yet these cells can also induce unwanted immune responses via T cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity, also known as heterologous immunity. Indeed, pathogen-induced TCR cross-reactivity has shown to be a common, robust, and functionally potent mechanism that can trigger a spectrum of human immunopathologies associated with either transplant rejection, drug allergy, and autoimmunity. Here, we report that several virus-specific CD8+ T cells directed against peptides derived from chronic viruses (EBV, CMV, and HIV-1) presented by hig...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 18, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Tim-4 in Health and Disease: Friend or Foe?
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing 4 (Tim-4) is a phosphatidylserine receptor and is selectively expressed on antigen presenting cells. Recently, Tim-4 was reported to be expressed on iNKT cells, B1 cells, and tumor cells, suggesting it has multiple biological functions. In this review, we mainly summarize the expression and regulation of Tim-4 in immune cells including T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, NKT cells, B cells, and mast cells. The expression of Tim-4 in these cells implies that Tim-4 might participate in immune related diseases. Emerging evidence emphasizes a substantial role for Tim-4 in ma...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 1, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Microbiome Composition and Its Impact on the Development of Allergic Diseases
Allergic diseases, such as food allergy (FA), atopic dermatitis (AD), and asthma, are heterogeneous inflammatory immune-mediated disorders that currently constitute a public health issue in many developed countries worldwide. The significant increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases reported over the last few years has closely paralleled substantial environmental changes both on a macro and micro scale, which have led to reduced microbial exposure in early life and perturbation of the human microbiome composition. Increasing evidence shows that early life interactions between the human microbiome and the immune cells...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 22, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Osthole, a Natural Plant Derivative Inhibits MRGPRX2 Induced Mast Cell Responses
Mast cells are tissue-resident innate immune cells known for their prominent role in mediating allergic reactions. MAS-related G-protein coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) is a promiscuous G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed on mast cells that is activated by several ligands that share cationic and amphipathic properties. Interestingly, MRGPRX2 ligands include certain FDA-approved drugs, antimicrobial peptides, and neuropeptides. Consequently, this receptor has been implicated in causing mast cell-dependent pseudo-allergic reactions to these drugs and chronic inflammation associated with asthma, urticaria and rosacea in...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mechanisms of Particles in Sensitization, Effector Function and Therapy of Allergic Disease
Humans have always been in contact with natural airborne particles from many sources including biologic particulate matter (PM) which can exhibit allergenic properties. With industrialization, anthropogenic and combustion-derived particles have become a major fraction. Currently, an ever-growing number of diverse and innovative materials containing engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are being developed with great expectations in technology and medicine. Nanomaterials have entered everyday products including cosmetics, textiles, electronics, sports equipment, as well as food, and food packaging. As part of natural evolution hum...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 29, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Using Clinical Cases to Restore Basic Science Immunology Knowledge in Physicians and Senior Medical Students
The majority of medical students and many physicians find basic science immunology confusing and the teaching of immunology to be uninteresting. Physicians undergoing training in a range of disciplines treat patients with immunological disease, including allergy/immunology and rheumatology. It is essential for senior medical students and physicians to understand the pathology of immune diseases and the pharmacology of immune interventions. In order to optimize this learning, underlying concepts of basic immunology need to be revised, or sometimes learned for the first time. Teachers may need to overcome baseline attitudina...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 18, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Editorial: Insights Into the Etiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Food Allergy
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 20, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Research Progress in Atopic March
The incidence of allergic diseases continues to rise. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have indicated that allergic diseases occur in a time-based order: from atopic dermatitis and food allergy in infancy to gradual development into allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood. This phenomenon is defined as the “atopic march”. Some scholars have suggested that the atopic march does not progress completely in a temporal pattern with genetic and environmental factors. Also, the mechanisms underlying the atopic march are incompletely understood. Nevertheless, the concept of the atopic march provides a new pe...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 26, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Structural Aspects of the Allergen-Antibody Interaction
The development of allergic disease involves the production of IgE antibodies upon allergen exposure in a process called sensitization. IgE binds to receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils, and subsequent allergen exposure leads to cross-linking of IgE antibodies and release of cell mediators that cause allergy symptoms. Although this process is quite well-understood, very little is known about the epitopes on the allergen recognized by IgE, despite the importance of the allergen-antibody interaction for the allergic response to occur. This review discusses efforts to analyze allergen-antibody interactions, fr...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - September 1, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
