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Ischemic Stroke in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Implications for Treatment
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771270Ischemic stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The underlying mechanisms linking cancer and stroke are not completely understood. Long-standing and more recent evidence suggests that cancer-associated prothrombotic states, along with treatment-related vascular toxicity, such as with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke in cancer patients. Novel biomarkers, including coagulation, platelet and endothelial markers, cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles are being investigated for their potentia...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - July 28, 2023 Category: Hematology Authors: Costamagna, Gianluca Navi, Babak B. Beyeler, Morin Hottinger, Andreas F. Alberio, Lorenzo Michel, Patrik Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Tissue-type plasminogen activator regulates macrophage activation and innate immunity
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the major intravascular activator of fibrinolysis and a ligand for receptors involved in cell signaling. In cultured macrophages, tPA inhibits the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by a pathway that apparently requires low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1). Herein, we show that the mechanism by which tPA neutralizes LPS involves rapid reversal of IBα phosphorylation. tPA independently induced transient IBα phosphorylation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation in macrophages; however, these events did not trigger inflam...
Source: Blood - September 14, 2017 Category: Hematology Authors: Mantuano, E., Azmoon, P., Brifault, C., Banki, M. A., Gilder, A. S., Campana, W. M., Gonias, S. L. Tags: Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Phagocytes, Granulocytes, and Myelopoiesis, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Source Type: research