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Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Concurrent Myocardial and Cerebral Infarctions After Crystal Methamphetamine Use
Cardiac and cerebrovascular complications associated with methamphetamine abuse have been reported, but concurrent development of myocardial infarction and stroke is rare. A 33-year-old man presented with chest pain and right hemisphere stroke within 2 hours of methamphetamine use. Either cerebral vasoconstriction or cardiac source of embolism might be the cause of stroke.
Source: Neurosurgery Quarterly - April 29, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2017; 71:137-148 "Ibudilast: a non ‑ selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor in brain disorders"
Ibudilast (IBD) is a non ‑ selective (3, 4, 10, 11) phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, used mainly as a bronchodilator for the treatment of bronchial asthma. PDE play a central role in cellular function (e.g. differentiation, synaptic plasticity and inflammatory response) by metabolizing cyclic nucleotides. The results from preclinical and clinical studies indicate that IBD has a broader range of action through suppression of pro ‑ inflammatory cytokines (IL ‑ 6, IL ‑ 1 β , TNF ‑ α ), toll ‑ like receptor 4 blockade (TLR ‑ 4), inhibition of a macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), up ‑ regulation t...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - March 2, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research