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Source: Translational Stroke Research
Condition: Ischemic Stroke
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Total 404 results found since Jan 2013.
Cell Death Pathways in Ischemic Stroke and Targeted Pharmacotherapy
AbstractIschemic stroke is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people across the globe. Cell injury in the infarct region is an inevitable consequence of focal cerebral ischemia. Subsequent reperfusion exacerbates the harmful effect and increases the infarct volume. These cellular injuries follow either a regulated pathway involving tightly structured signaling cascades and molecularly defined effector mechanisms or a non-regulated pathway, also known as accidental cell death, where the process is biologically uncontrolled. Classical cell death pathways are long established and w...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Methylprednisolone Reduces Persistent Post-ischemic Inflammation in a Rat Hypoxia-Ischemia Model of Perinatal Stroke
In conclusion, we demonstrated that administration of MPSS during the tertiary phase of perinatal stroke results in attenuation of the chroni c inflammatory response, leading to pathophysiological and functional recovery. This work validates the high clinical impact of MPSS to treat neonatal conditions linked to chronic inflammation.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 4, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
PSD-93 Interacts with SynGAP and Promotes SynGAP Ubiquitination and Ischemic Brain Injury in Mice
In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that PSD-93 directly interacts with SynGAP and mediates its ubiquitination and degradation to aggravate ischemic brain damage. Tat-SynGAP (670–685aa) may be considered as a candidate for treatment of acute i schemic stroke.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Early Progressive Changes in White Matter Integrity Are Associated with Stroke Recovery
AbstractInformation on microstructural white matter integrity has been shown to explain post-stroke recovery beyond clinical measures and focal brain damage. Especially, knowledge about early white matter changes might improve prediction of outcome. We investigated 42 acute reperfused ischemic stroke patients (mean age 66.5 years, 40% female, median admission NIHSS 9.5) with a symptomatic MRI-confirmed unilateral middle cerebral artery territory infarction 24–72 h post-stroke and after 3 months. All patients underwent neurological examination and brain MRI. Fifteen older healthy controls (mean age 57.3 years) we re ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 3, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Modeling Mixed Vascular and Alzheimer ’s Dementia Using Focal Subcortical Ischemic Stroke in Human ApoE4-TR:5XFAD Transgenic Mice
AbstractSubcortical white matter ischemic lesions are increasingly recognized to have pathologic overlap in individuals with Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). The interaction of white matter ischemic lesions with amyloid pathology seen in AD is poorly characterized. We designed a novel mouse model of subcortical white matter ischemic stroke and AD that can inform our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of mixed vascul ar and AD dementia. Subcortical white matter ischemic stroke underlying forelimb motor cortex was induced by local stereotactic injection of an irreversible eNOS inhibitor. Subcortical white mat...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 20, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Quantitative Angiographic Hemodynamic Evaluation After Revascularization Surgery for Moyamoya Disease
AbstractThe corresponding hemodynamic changes of the internal carotid artery (ICA) after the revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease (MMD) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the hemodynamic changes of the ipsilateral ICA after the combined direct and indirect extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass. MMD patients undergoing combined EC-IC bypass were retrospectively reviewed. The mean transit time (MTT) of ICA was evaluated by color-coding angiography before revascularization and at follow-up. The MTT defined as the blood transit time between the end of cervical portion (C1) and the C7 segment of I...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Low Hemoglobin Levels at Admission Are Independently Associated with Cognitive Impairment after Ischemic Stroke: a Multicenter, Population-Based Study
AbstractData on the association between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and poststroke cognitive function are limited. We investigated the relationship between Hb concentrations at admission and poststroke cognitive function using a multicenter database. In total, 1081 patients were recruited from seven Chinese medical centers within 6 months after experiencing ischemic stroke. Cognitive status was evaluated with a series of brief neuropsychological tests. A subgroup of 439 patients from a single center was followed up for 4–6 years and was eventually reassessed with a cognitive test. The association between Hb and cognitive i...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
FasL-PDPK1 Pathway Promotes the Cytotoxicity of CD8 + T Cells During Ischemic Stroke
AbstractCD8+ T cells are recognized as key players in exacerbation of ischemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanism in modulating the function of CD8+ T cells has not been completely elucidated. Here, we uncovered that FasL enhanced the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells to neurons after ischemic stroke. Inactivation of FasL specific on CD8+ T cells protected against brain damage and neuron loss. Proteomic analysis identified that PDPK1 functioned downstream of FasL signaling and inhibition of PDPK1 effectively reduced cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells and improved ischemic neurological deficits. Taken together, these results hi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotective Effects of Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 3 in Experimental Stroke
AbstractHistone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been implicated as neurotoxic in several neurodegenerative conditions. However, the role of HDAC3 in ischemic stroke has not been thoroughly explored. We tested the hypothesis that selective inhibition of HDAC3 after stroke affords neuroprotection. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and randomly selected animals were treated intraperitoneally twice with either vehicle (1% Tween 80) or a selective HDAC3 inhibitor (RGFP966, 10 mg/kg) at 2 and 24 h after MCAO. Long-term behavioral tests were perfo rmed up to 28...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Silencing of Long Non-coding RNA GAS5 Suppresses Neuron Cell Apoptosis and Nerve Injury in Ischemic Stroke Through Inhibiting DNMT3B-Dependent MAP4K4 Methylation
AbstractIschemic stroke is associated with various physiological and pathological processes including neuronal apoptosis. Growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been recently reported to affect ischemic stroke-induced neuron apoptosis, while its mechanisms remain largely undefined. Through in silico analysis, GAS5 was predicted to interact with the promoter of MAP4K4. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the possible role of GAS5 in the progression of ischemic stroke via regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) methylation...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prognostic Value of Circulating Microvesicle Subpopulations in Ischemic Stroke and TIA
AbstractPlatelet microvesicles (PMV) have previously been found elevated in acute ischemic stroke (IS) and could be biomarkers for risk of recurrence. PMV surface antigens such as P-selectin and phosphatidylserine (PS) reflect platelet activation and procoagulance. Tissue factor-positive microvesicles (TF+MV) are considered procoagulant, in particular if co-expressing PS. We enumerated MV subpopulations with these surface antigens in a cohort of 211 patients with primarily non-cardioembolic IS or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and investigated their association with long-term outcome. MV concentrations were determined by ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
ACOX3 Dysfunction as a Potential Cause of Recurrent Spontaneous Vasospasm of Internal Carotid Artery
AbstractRecurrent spontaneous vasospasm of the extracranial internal carotid artery (RSV-eICA) is a rarely recognized cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. However, its pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Through whole-exome sequencing of the ACOX3 gene of two dizygotic Korean twin brothers affected by RSV-eICA, we identified two compound heterozygous missense variants c.235 T > G (p.F79 V) and c.665G > A (p.G222E). In silico analysis indicated that both variants were classified as pathogenic. In vitro ACOX3 enzyme assay indicated practically no enzyme activity in both F79 V and G222E mutants. ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Association Between Serum Apelin-13 and the Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke
AbstractWhile a number of studies have reported an association between apelin-13 and ischemic stroke, few have verified its clinical effect. We investigated the prognostic value of serum apelin-13 levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We prospectively recruited 244 AIS patients within 24 h after stroke onset, and 167 healthy controls. We assessed the serum apelin-13 levels using ELISA, and the severity of AIS using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The primary outcomes included death or major disability (modified Rankin Scale score, 3–6) and major disabilit y (modified Rankin Scale ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Positron Emission Tomography After Ischemic Brain Injury: Current Challenges and Future Developments
AbstractPositron emission tomography (PET) is widely used in clinical and animal studies, along with the development of diverse tracers. The biochemical characteristics of PET tracers may help uncover the pathophysiological consequences of cardiac arrest (CA) and ischemic stroke, which include cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, depletion of oxygen and glucose, and neuroinflammation. PubMed was searched for studies of the application of PET for “cardiac arrest,” “ischemic stroke,” and “targeted temperature management.” Available studies were included and classified according to the biochemical properties involve...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cerebral Organoids Repair Ischemic Stroke Brain Injury
AbstractStroke is the second leading cause of death and main cause of disability worldwide, but with few effective therapies. Although stem cell-based therapy has been proposed as an exciting regenerative medicine strategy for brain injury, there are limitations. The developed cerebral organoids (COs) represent a promising transplantation source for stroke that remains to be answered. Here, we transplanted COs at 55 days and explored the feasibility in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke. COs transplantation at 6 h or even 24 h after MCAO significantly reduces brain infarct volume and improv...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
