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TGF-β/Smad2/3 signal pathway involves in U251 cell proliferation and apoptosis.
In this study, we identify that the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signal pathway is activated in human brain gliomas cells; inhibitor (SB203580) and siRNA against Smad2/3 quickly inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3, expression of its major downstream gene, Ki-67, arrested cells in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis of cells. The findings suggest that TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway play a key role in U251 cell growth and metastasis, which suggests its potential role in the molecular therapy of brain cancer. PMID: 25701598 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Gene - February 18, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhao HW, Li YW, Feng R, Yu JB, Li J, Zhang Y, Li JC, Wang YX Tags: Gene Source Type: research

SAT1 Regulates BRCA1 Expression and HR in GBM
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and severe form of brain cancer. The median survival time of patients is approximately 12 months due to poor responses to surgery and chemoradiation. To understand the mechanisms involved in radioresistance, we conducted a genetic screen using an shRNA library to identify genes in which inhibition would sensitize cells to radiation. The results were cross-referenced with the Oncomine and Rembrandt databases to focus on genes that are highly expressed in GBM tumors and associated with poor patient outcomes. Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), an enzyme involved...
Source: Cancer Research - November 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Brett-Morris, A., Wright, B. M., Seo, Y., Pasupuleti, V., Zhang, J., Lu, J., Spina, R., Bar, E. E., Gujrati, M., Schur, R., Lu, Z.-R., Welford, S. M. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Abstract 4459: Characterization of a novel magnetic nanoparticles formulation for cancer therapeutic applications
We have successfully engineered a magnetic nanoparticles (MAG-NPs) formulation using a multi-layer approach which can be used for drug/gene/biomolecule delivery, hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications in cancer therapeutics. Overcoming nanoparticles clearance by the immune system remains a major challenge. This formulation is designed to provide an additional surface layer as molecular “authentication” that the body does not recognize as foreign material. The interaction between the surface of nanoparticles and plasma proteins leads to nanoparticle-protein complex which determines the rational ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yallapu, M. M., Chauhan, N., Othman, S. F., Khalilzad-Sharghi, V., Jaggi, M., Chauhan, S. C. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research

Abstract 3954: SAT1 (Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltrasferase 1) promotes radiation resistance in glioblastoma multiforme
The objective of this study is to explore the role of SAT1 in radioresistance with the purpose of targeting SAT1 as a means to sensitize tumors. The knockdown of SAT1 using, shRNA and siRNA approaches, in multiple cell lines and neurosphere lines results in sensitization of GBM cells to radiation in colony formation assays. This was seen specifically in G2/M and S phases, leading to the hypothesis that SAT1 plays a role in homologous recombination (HR). By measuring HR in the DR-GFP reporter system, we confirmed that SAT1 promotes HR, since depletion of SAT1 results in decrease in HR. To test whether SAT1 depletion sensiti...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Brett-Morris, A., Welford, S. M., Bar, E., Spina, R., Wright, B., Zhang, J., Lu, J., Seo, Y. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Assessment of drug delivery and anticancer potentials of nanoparticles-loaded siRNA targeting STAT3 in lung cancer, in vitro and in vivo.
Abstract Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3) is a hallmark of several types of cancer. Failure to inhibit STAT3 expression by injection of siRNA for STAT3 directly to Balb/c mice led us to adopt alternative means. We formulated nanoparticle-based encapsulation of siRNA (NsiRNA) with polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and characterized them. The siRNA treated and NsiRNA-treated cells were subjected separately to different assay systems. We also checked if NsiRNA could cross the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Cell viability reduced dramatically in A549 cells...
Source: Toxicology Letters - January 16, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Das J, Das S, Paul A, Samadder A, Bhattacharyya SS, Khuda-Bukhsh AR Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research

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