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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Abstract The global prevalence of physiologically defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults aged >40 yr is approximately 9-10 per cent. Recently, the Indian Study on Epidemiology of Asthma, Respiratory Symptoms and Chronic Bronchitis in Adults had shown that the overall prevalence of chronic bronchitis in adults >35 yr is 3.49 per cent. The development of COPD is multifactorial and the risk factors of COPD include genetic and environmental factors. Pathological changes in COPD are observed in central airways, small airways and alveolar space. The proposed pathogenesis of COPD includes pr...
Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research - February 1, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Vijayan VK Tags: Indian J Med Res Source Type: research

Hypoxia-inducible factor stabilisers for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease
CONCLUSIONS: HIF stabiliser management of anaemia had uncertain effects on CV death, fatigue, death (any cause), CV outcomes, and kidney failure compared to placebo or ESAs. Compared to placebo or ESAs, HIF stabiliser management of anaemia probably decreased the proportion of patients requiring blood transfusions, and probably increased the proportion of patients reaching the target Hb when compared to placebo.PMID:36005278 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD013751.pub2
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 25, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Patrizia Natale Suetonia C Palmer Allison Jaure Elisabeth M Hodson Marinella Ruospo Tess E Cooper Deirdre Hahn Valeria M Saglimbene Jonathan C Craig Giovanni Fm Strippoli Source Type: research